Chomera chimapezeka ngati chitsamba kapena mtengo wawung'ono. Kukhala wa gench Loch (Elaeagnus), banja la Lochows (Elaeagnaceae). Kwawo kwa ma sucker oyenda mozungulira kumayesedwa North America komanso China. Ichi ndi chomera chachikulu. Nthaka ikhoza kukhala iliyonse. Chinyezi chikuyenera kukhala chochepa. Imakula mpaka kutalika kwa 10 metres ndipo imakhala mpaka zaka 60. Mutha kubzala ndi kudula kapena ma bend, komanso mbewu.
Kufotokozera kwa mtengo
Loch ndi mtengo wokhazikika wopepuka wokhala ndi korona yotambalala. Makungwa ndi ofiira ofiira, pali minga, amafikira masentimita atatu kutalika. Thunthu, panthawi ya kukula, limapeza mawonekedwe opindika. Mtengowu umatulutsa timiyala tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi tint ya siliva. Ili ndi mizu yamphamvu komanso yolimba.
Zomera. Masamba ake ndi okumbika, ofanana ndi laurel, wochepetsedwa pansi ndikuwaloza pamwamba. Pansi pa tsamba pali zoyera, ndipo mbali yakumwambako ndi yobiriwira. Pamwamba ndi yokutidwa ndi mamba. Pamtengo, masamba amasungidwa mothandizidwa ndi odulidwa, kutalika kwake ndi 4-7 cm.
Maluwa. Mtengowu umaphukira mumaluwa amodzi, ang'ono. Gawo lawo lamkati ndi lalanje-lalanje, lakunja ndi siliva. Amakhala ndi fungo lamphamvu ndipo amatulutsa timadzi tokoma tambiri. Maluwa amagwa mu June, amatha mpaka masiku 20.
Zipatso. Kuyambira mu Ogasiti mpaka Seputembala, zipatso zimayamba kupsa. Ichi ndi chowongolera cha drupe kapena chozungulira, chomakhala ndi kakomedwe kake komanso mtundu wake wachikasu. Kuchuluka kwa zipatsozo ndi pafupifupi 3 g, kutalika 1 cm. Kupsa kwake sikofanana, koma zipatso zomwe zidachulukidwa kale zimakhalabe panthambi kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuti zipse bwino, zipatso za woyamwa zimafunikira nthawi yotentha kuti ikhale yayitali. Chomera chomwe chakwanitsa zaka 3-5 chimayamba kuphuka ndi kubala zipatso.
Kodi mtengowo umamera kuti?
Mu chilengedwe, mbewu iyi imapezeka ku Caucasus, Ukraine ndi expanses of Central Asia. Ku Russia, tsekwe ndi yopapatiza, imamera mbali yake ku Europe. Amakonda mapiri ndi mitengo yopondera m'nkhalango, ndipo amakonda mitundu yoyenda mitsinje. M'madera osiyidwa ku Kazakhstan, mitengo yonse ya chitsamba choterechi idapangidwa ndipo idayamba kutchedwa "nkhalango za tugai."
Zomera sizigwirizana ndi chilala, zimamera panthaka iliyonse, sizimanyoza mchere komanso dothi losavomerezeka. Zomera zomwe zimamera mumchenga wamchenga zimatulutsa mizu yambiri yokhala pansi. Mopanda kuzindikira momwe mzindawo uliri, gwiritsani ntchito mpweya wodetsedwa. Koma chisanu chachikulu, nthawi yozizira, ndizovuta kulekerera.
Kukula kwa mbewu mwachangu. Pachaka chilichonse limakula mita imodzi. Pambuyo pazaka 4 kukhalapo, mtengowo umamasula pambuyo pake mphukira.
Zipatso za sucker wopyapyala
Kunja, zimawoneka ngati madeti ndipo zimakhala ndi zopota, zotsekemera zokoma, zopatsa thanzi kwambiri. Amakhala osavuta kusonkhana chifukwa cha mapesi aafupi. Zitha kusungidwa kwanthawi yayitali. Ngakhale kutentha kwa chipinda kumawalola kuti azisungidwa nthawi yonse yozizira.
Kuphatikizidwa kwa mwana wosabadwayo kumaphatikizapo: CHIKWANGWANI, mchere, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu, tannin (chinthu chokhala ndi vuto loperewera), mapuloteni 10%, mavitamini, mpaka 40% shuga. Chipatsochi chili ndi fupa komanso mnofu wofiyira. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano komanso kuzizira ndi zouma. Mothandizidwa ndi zipatso zouma, ma infusions ndi mankhwala othandizira amakonzedwa, ndipo ozizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa mchere.
Zipatso zotere zili ndi phindu lalikulu mu mankhwala asayansi. Chithandizo chotere, monga pshatin, chimapangidwa ndendende ndi zipatso za woyamwa. Zimathandizira pamavuto am'mimba kapena matumbo. Chifukwa cha kupenya kwawo, zipatsozi zapezeka kuti zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala, wowerengeka, komanso amathandizika ndi matenda amkati. A decoction mwa zipatso zotere ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito kuzizira, kuzizira, komanso matenda a kupuma. Imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chida chothandiza pantchito yotupa mkati mwa milomo yamkamwa, mwa kupindika.
Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito zipatso podya. Ndibwino kuwonjezera kuphika buledi, kuphika sopo ndi zina zambiri. Yoyenera ngati njira yatsopano, komanso yosankhidwa.
Kusiya ndikutera
Kusamalira chomera choterocho ndikosavuta. Chaka chilichonse mumangofunika kumudyetsa ndikumasulira dothi pafupi ndi thunthu. Ndi isanayambike masika, sinthani ndi madzi ndikuwonjezera urea, mullein ndi amine nitrate. Nitroammofosku amathandizira kumayambiriro kwa yophukira. Kwa nyengo yozizira, mitengo yaying'ono ndiyofunika kuphimbidwa bwino. Chapakatikati, nthambi zouma zimadulidwa. M'chilimwe, kumeta tsitsi kumachitika kawiri (kumayambiriro ndi kumapeto kwa chilimwe).
Mutha kufalitsa mwanjira iliyonse: mbewu, masanjidwe, kudula. Koma kuyala kumatha kuzika pokhapokha chaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Kufesa mbewu ndiyo njira yodalirika kwambiri. Kale mchaka choyamba cha moyo, mphukira zimawonekera pano ndikukula mpaka 1 mita.
Musanabzale, ndikofunika kusankha malo ndikukonzekera dothi. Malowa akuyenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo kuti mafunde amphepo asawononge chomera chaching'ono. Dothi ndi lofunika pang'ono acidic komanso ndale. Maimu amathandizira kwambiri acidity.
Tikufika tikuyenera kuchitika mwezi watha wa yophukira kapena kumayambiriro kwa masika. Pakati pa mipando, mtunda wa mita 2-3 ndikofunikira, kuya kwa dzenjelo mpaka theka la mita. Asanabzala, mchenga, nthaka yachonde ndi kompositi ziyenera kuyikidwa m'dzenjemo, ndipo pansi ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi miyala kapena miyala yaying'ono (mtundu wa drainage). Kukula kwabwino komanso chitukuko, phulusa la nkhuni litha kuwonjezeredwa kunthaka, feteleza wa nayitrogeni ndi superphosphate iwiri sangasokoneze. M'masiku oyambilira (3-4), kuthirira kwabwino ndikofunikira.
Kodi nkhuni za mitengo zimayikidwa kuti?
Masamba, maluwa, makungwa ndi zipatso amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazachipatala. Scurvy, matenda a mtima, kutupa ndi colitis, ndi matenda onsewa, mankhwala osakanikirana ndi ma infusions opangidwa kuchokera ku maluwa a woyamwa amalimbikitsidwa. Kuthandizira ndi gout, panthawi ya rheumatism ndikuchiritsa mabala, kulowetsedwa kwa mankhwala kuchokera masamba a chomera kungathe.
Utoto wachilengedwe wakhungu ndi masamba ndi makungwa a mbewu, amapereka mtundu wakuda ndi bulauni. Zipatso za mtengowu zimatha kudyeka ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuphika. Nyimbo zosiyanasiyana zaimbidwe zimatha kupanga nkhuni, ndipo woyamwa amakhalanso chida chopangira mipando ndi mitundu yonse yaukalipentala.
Ichi ndi chomera chabwino kwambiri cha uchi. Uchi wochokera ku maluwa okongola a sucker amasanduka mtundu wokongola kwambiri ndipo umanunkhira bwino kwambiri komanso ndi fungo labwino. Mtengowu ungagwiritsidwe ntchito pobzala m'modzi, komanso gulu. Zoyenera kuteteza malo kulikonse, kudula ndikosavuta. Itha kuchitapo kanthu kuti mulimbitse nthaka.
Chimawoneka ngati chomera chokongoletsera, chifukwa cha masamba a silvery, khungwa lowala, maluwa achikasu ndi zipatso zofiira.
