Kusankhidwa kwa thanzi komanso moyo wautali. Kukulitsa Kusaka ndikusamalira thanzi la mtunduwo

Thanzi ndi moyo wautali ndizofunikira kwambiri pamoyo wa munthu. Ndikofunikira kwa ife kuti mfundo izi zikukhudzana mwachindunji ndi zakumwa zamasamba. Ndizosatheka kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa masamba omwe adadyedwa kumakhudza thanzi la munthu, kutalika kwake komanso moyo wake. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nkhani za zakudya zoyenera komanso chikhalidwe chamadyedwe amadyedwe azamasamba zikukula kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Zokolola phwetekere kusankha Agrofirm SEARCH.

Zakudya zaumunthu zatsimikiziridwa mwasayansi posachedwa. Ndipo zomwe zapezeka pano zikuwonetsa kufunikira kwakudya masamba. Padziko lonse lapansi, pali kuwonjezereka kosintha kwa zakumwa komanso zakumwa zamasamba mmaiko otukuka padziko lapansi. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka komwe kumakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kuchuluka kwa chikhalidwe chake komanso kulolera pamavuto ena zimatsatiridwa bwino.

Zamasamba ndiyambiri yakale komanso gwero lakale la chakudya, zomwe nthawi imodzimodzi zimagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika. Masamba amakhala ndi michere yomwe ilipo yoti mutengere njira zomwe kuphika kovuta sikofunikira. Amapereka zofunikira zofunika zaumunthu zophatikiza chakudya, ma organic acid, ma amino acid ambiri, mchere. Nthawi yomweyo, munthu amalandira gawo lalikulu la mitundu yonse yazinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimagwira, zomwe zambiri sizinaphunziridwe bwino ndipo sizinapezekebe. Kuphatikiza pa mavitamini odziwika bwino, m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, pakupezeka zinthu zatsopano zambiri zomwe zimalimbikitsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zinthu zina zomwe zimapangitsa kagayidwe kachakudya koyenera. Pokhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zochepa zopatsa mphamvu, mphamvu yayikulu imakwaniritsidwa, ndipo ngakhale zinthu zowoneka ngati ballast mwaziphuphu ndi ma pectins ndizofunikira kwambiri pakubera komanso thanzi, komanso madzi osanjika, omwe ali ndi masamba onse.

Kuphatikizika kwapadera kwamasamba kumangotengera thanzi lawo, komanso chithandizo chamankhwala. Kuyambira kale, masamba ambiri akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji ngati mankhwala. Udindo wawo mu chakudya cha ana ndi zakudya ndizothandiza kwambiri. Kufunika kodya zinthu zamasamba zothandizirana kuti muchepetse kutenga matenda ambiri a mafakitale - kunenepa kwambiri, kunenepa kwambiri, matenda ashuga, khansa komanso matenda amtima, chifuwa, ndi zina zambiri, kumachulukirachulukira pamene zinthu zachilengedwe zikuipiraipira, mavuto komanso kuchuluka kwachulukidwe njira zogwirira ntchito, kuyambitsa pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa njira zopanda tsankho zophikira ndikudya chakudya.

Mbusa wa Tomato T. Tereshonkova ndi Angelina Vovk pa kulawa phwetekere

Ubwino wamasamba sizabwino konse ayi. Kupanga kwawo kwamankhwala ndi machitidwe ofunikira amatha kusintha. Udindo wofunikira umachitidwa ndi ma genetic omwe amabadwa mu zokolola za eni komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana, luso lamaulimi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, makamaka njira zodzitetezera ku zinthu zovulaza, njira zophikira ndi chikhalidwe chamadyedwe.

Kufufuza "Kusaka" ndikudziwa bwino izi ndipo pang'onopang'ono kukhazikitsa ntchito ya obereketsa kuti apange zochitika zabwino kwambiri za kubereka. Sitinabwerere ku izi nthawi yomweyo. Poyamba posankha (zaka 15-20 zapitazo), kampaniyo inali ndi ntchito yopanga mitundu yazipatso zamasamba zomwe zinali ndi chikhalidwe cha ku Russia ndi chikhalidwe cha ogula. Masamba amayenera kukhala okoma, onunkhira bwino, onunkhira bwino, oyenera kukoka, kulakatula, kukoka, etc. Ili linali ntchito yofunitsitsa yosankhidwa ngati yankho pakuwonjezeka kwa masamba "mphira ndi pulasitiki" ochokera kunja. Njira ndi zida zothetsera vutoli ndizomveka komanso zokhazikika. Kupanga mitundu yatsopano ndi ma hybrids, kunali kofunikira kutenga zabwino zonse kuchokera ku ma analogu omwe amaitanitsa (mawonekedwe okongola, zokolola, kugulitsa, kusunga bwino, kayendedwe) komanso nthawi yomweyo kusunga chikhalidwe cha Russian, fungo, ndi zina. Ndipo vutoli lidathetsedwa kwambiri ndipo lidzathetsedweranso. Pakalipano mitundu yathu ndi ma hybrids akhala atsogoleri pamsika waku Russia. Beetroot Mulatto imapereka zokolola zambiri pamtengo wogulitsa, wokhala ndi mizu yambiri, yomwe nthawi yomweyo imakhala ndi kukoma kwambiri. Radish imasiyanitsidwa ndi kukoma kwapadera kwa piquant. Octave. Zophatikiza Zabichi Gome F1, Wotsimikizira F1, Duchess F1 khalani ndi makomedwe abwino mwatsopano komanso mawonekedwe. Cherry phwetekere Kasupe wokoma F1 ndi muyeso wamba wa phwetekere. Nkhaka wosakanizidwa Athos F1 Amakhwima poyera komanso mchere wowoneka bwino. Ndipo pali zitsanzo zambiri zotere.

Zaka zingapo zapitazo, tidazindikira kuti mothandizidwa ndi kusankha masamba mutha kusokoneza thanzi la munthu komanso moyo wake, ndipo tapanga izi kukhala ntchito yayikulu pantchito yosankhidwa. Nthawi yomweyo, tidatchulapo njira zitatu zomwe tingagwiritsire ntchitoyo:

1. Kulengedwa kwa mitundu ndi mitundu yophatikiza ya mbewu zamasamba yokhala ndi michere yambiri osadzikundikira zinthu zovulaza;
2. Kupangidwa kwa mitundu ndi ma hybrids kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda angapo ndi tizilombo toononga, komwe kumapangitsa kuti kuchepetsa kapena kufafaniza kwathunthu mankhwala ophera tizilombo;
3. Kulengedwa kwa mitundu ndi ma hybrids omwe amafanana ndi kwachilengedwe njira zotetezera mbewu.

Aliyense amadziwa kuti masamba osiyanasiyana amakhala ndi zinthu zina zothandiza. Koma si anthu ambiri omwe amadziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa zinthu izi kumadalira mitundu kapena wosakanizidwa. Mbali yopezera zinthu zambiri kapena zochepa mu chomera ndiyosiyanasiyana, imalumikizidwa ndi genetics ya mbewu. Makhalidwe awa amatengera cholowa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mothandizidwa ndi kusankha ndizotheka kuwongolera mpaka pamlingo wina kuchuluka kwawo, i.e. onetsetsani kuti mitundu yatsopano ndi ma hybrids amadziunjikira zinthu zambiri zofunikira momwe mungathere osadziunjikira mankhwala owopsa.

Kasupe Wosangalatsa F1 Beetroot Mulatto Tambula kabichi Yoyera F1

Zikhalidwe zina zimasiyanitsidwa makamaka ndi phindu lawo lazakudya, zomwe zimabweretsa chiwopsezo chochuluka kwa iwo komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Kupereka kwakukulu pakudya chamagulu olimbitsa thupi kumapangidwa ndi masamba a gulu loyandikana: tomato, tsabola ndi biringanya. Kupambana kwakusankhidwa mu kampani yathu kunatipatsa mwayi wopanga mitundu yatsopano yazipatsozo kuphatikiza mwapadera zinthu zofunika kwambiri kwachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, mtundu watsopano wa phwetekere Pomegranate dontho Imatha kudziunjikira mpaka 18% ya nkhani youma, komanso yokhala ndi carotenoids, makamaka lycopene, ndi anthocyanins. Zapamwamba kwambiri za lycopene zimakhala ndi ma hybrids okhala ndi pinki Rosanna F1, Boyarin F1, Monsieur F1. Chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha tsabola wokoma chimayimiriridwa ndi zitsanzo zomwe zimatha kuphatikiza mavitamini osiyanasiyana m'mitunda, omwe amasungidwa panthawi yamatenthedwe othandizira zipangizo. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wowagwiritsa ntchito ngati chakudya chowonjezera pazinthu zina, kukulitsa phindu lawo lazakudya. Kuphatikizika kwa kudzaza kwa phwetekere ndikuwonjezera pa tsabola kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa chakudya ndi michere ya zinthu zam'chitini, osati masamba okha, komanso nyama ndi nsomba. Mavitamini olemera kwambiri ndi mitundu ya tsabola wokoma mongaWotsogolera, Chozizwitsa chagolide, Chibugariya, Solomon Agro. Masamba atsopano ndiofunika kwambiri, koma pali mbewu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzedwa. Zomera za mazira ndi chitsanzo pano. Pa njira iliyonse yophikira, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lanu. Pokonzekera caviar, mitundu yokhala ndi zipatso zamtambo wa violet yokhala ndi mawonekedwe osalala komanso yaying'ono yamtundu wa solanine alkaloid, yomwe imapereka kuwawa kwa caviar, amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri (Donskoy 14, Opal wakuda, Mchere wa Goliati) Koma kwa grill, abwino kwambiri ndi mitundu yazipatso zobiriwira zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga wambiri, zomwe zimapangira zipatsozo pamtengo zimapatsa kukoma. Ma biringanya omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika kaphikidwe kamakomedwe amakonda kukongoletsedwa ndi mitundu yoyera ya zipatso, zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti musunge kukoma ndi kununkhira kwa masamba ena kwinaku mukukhalabe ndiubwino wopangira zokolola. Masamba omwe angopangika kumene amakhalanso ndi machitidwe ophika. Mbewu zobiriwira za saladi, zomwe sizimangokhala ndi letesi, komanso mitundu ina yamafuta, monga arugula, otchuka m'zaka zaposachedwa (Chidwi), ndikofunika kuti musadule ndi mpeni wachitsulo, koma kuti muung'ambe pakati musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta apamwamba osindikizidwa mwachindunji ngati chovala. Masamba ambiri amakhala ndi katundu wa hypoallergenic ndipo amayenera kuphatikizidwa muzakudya za odwala omwe ali ndi chifuwa. Pakati pa tomato ndi tsabola, izi ndi mitundu yamtundu wamtundu wazipatso zomwe sizipeza utoto wofiira (phwetekere Mtsinje wagolidetsabola Chozizwitsa chagolide, Ma Hercules,, pakati pa mbewu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi daikon (Daimondi), radish (Mlendo) ndi radish (Octave),Orbit) Ndi utoto wa utoto wa mizu. Pankhani iliyonse ya ziwengo, masamba amatha kusankhidwa, omwe alibe allergenic katundu, kapena kupewa mawonekedwe awo. Mphamvu yotchedwa antitumor zotsatira imakhala ndi masamba onse achikasu wobiriwira, pomwe masamba kapena mizu yokhala ndi carotenoids imadyedwa. Koma zimayenera kudyedwa zokhazokha zokhazokha, kuphatikiza mitundu ya timadziti kapena kuphatikiza ndi mafuta a masamba (saladi Chirichkoriander Borodinsky etc.). Pochiza matenda am'mimba a zilonda zam'mimba, pamafunika kugwiritsa ntchito saladi zatsopano za kabichi, mitundu ndi ma hybrids oyenera kuwira ndizoyenera bwino chifukwa, chifukwa zimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya kakomedwe komanso kudziwika kwa bioprotectors apadera omwe amapondereza zilonda zam'mimba komanso zofunikira zamafini. Mmodzi mwa atsogoleri mu mtundu wa sauerkraut ndi wosakanizidwa wosankhidwa ndi Russia Gome F1. Kabichi imawonjezera chinsinsi cha chithokomiro cha chithokomiro ndikusowa kwa ayodini. Pamizu ya kaloti (Chantenay Royal) ma organic acid okhala ndi fungicidal zotsatira (kupondera kukula kwa matenda oyamba ndi fungus) amadzaza: chlorogenic, kofi, gallic, etc. Cucumbers, osasiyanitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa michere, ndi gwero labwino la ayodini. Ma Enzymes ochokera ku zipatso zatsopano za nkhaka amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri chimbudzi, chifukwa amakhala ndi mchere wamchere, chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa mchere wamchere, amathandizira kuchotsa poizoni m'thupi.

Zambiri Mercado Pomegranate Phula Pulogalamu wa tsabola waku Bulgaria

Chifukwa chake, phindu la ndiwo zamasamba ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndikupanga chikhalidwe chapadera cha kumwa kwawo, kukhazikitsa njira zakukonzekera kwawo ndikuphatikiza ndi zinthu zina.

Posachedwa, vuto pakukula kwa masamba ambiri kwakhala chitetezo chawo. Kumbali inayo, masamba ndi gwero la zinthu zamtengo wapatali zomwe zimatalikitsa moyo wa munthu, kusunga momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso thanzi, ndipo kumbali ina, amatha kudziunjikira zinthu zambiri zowopsa ngakhale zowopsa pakukula. Njira zopangira mafakitale zochokera pakumanga kwanyukiliya zambiri zitha kubweretsa kuchuluka kwa ma nitrate, mankhwala otsalira, ndizowopsa komanso kuwonongeka kwa madera pafupi ndi mizinda yayikulu ndi malo opangira mafakitale. Funso lachilengedwe limabuka. Kodi ndizotheka kupatula kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zovulaza m'masamba? Ndipo likukwaniritsidwa kuti izi ndizotheka, kuphatikiza komanso chifukwa chovomerezeka.

Kuyesa kwa kuswana

Zomera, monga chamoyo chilichonse, zimatha kudwala kapena kukhudzidwa ndi tizirombo. Komanso, ndi matenda ndi tizirombo tina timakhudzidwa kwambiri (osagonjetseka), ena ochepera (ololera), ndipo ena samakhudzidwa konse. Njira zopewera zimatha kukhala zosiyanasiyana: morphological, biochemical, etc., chinthu chachikulu ndichakuti zitha kubadwa, motero, mothandizidwa ndi kusankha, zimayambitsidwa mosamala mu mitundu yomwe mukufuna kapena wosakanizidwa. Ndipo ngati mupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tizirombo ndi matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri m'dera lino, kupambana kumatsimikizika. Zomera zamanyowa zitha kulimidwa pochepetsa kapena kuthetseratu kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Poyang'ana koyamba, ntchito yomwe imawoneka ngati yosavuta, kwenikweni, ndizovuta kwambiri pankhani ya kukhazikitsa. Zonsezi zikufotokoza mwanjira zapadera za cholowa ndi zovuta zina za genetics ndi kuswana kwa mbewu. Ntchito yayikulu yokha, yolongosoka komanso yokwanira munjira imeneyi yomwe idatipatsa mwayi wakuchita zotsatira zoyambira. Lero tili kale ndi ma hybrids a phwetekere osagwirizana ndi matenda asanu: fusarium wilt, virus ya mosaic phala, nematode ndulu, cladosporiosis, powdery mildew. Izi ndi hybron wa phwetekere Terek F1, Zeze Wamatsenga F1. Tili ndi hybrids amkhaka Malachite Box F1, Carolina F1, Perseus F1 kugonjetsedwa ndi powdery mildew komanso kulolera kwa peronosporosis. Zophatikiza zoyera za kabichi yoyera Duchess F1, Kuwerenga F1, Pilot F1 kukana fusarium ndi bacteriosis

Apa, tomato wa zipatso amatengedwa kuti ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri, ali ndi zovuta zotsutsana ndi matenda angapo ndipo nthawi yomweyo amakhala opanga mankhwala kwambiri. Tomato wa Cherry amadziwika ndi kuphatikiza kwapamwamba kwambiri, kufunika kwachilengedwe komanso kuchuluka kosinthika. Pakati athu tomato a gululi, otchuka kwambiri Kasupe wokoma F1, Terek F1, Elf F1, Zeze Wamatsenga F1 ndi Makangaza dontho F1.

Kuphatikizidwa kwa kuteteza kwachilengedwe komanso kukaniza majini ndi chitsimikizo cha zinthu zachilengedwe. Vuto la kudzikundikira kwa ma nitrate limalumikizidwa ndi zakudya za munthu payekha. Zomera zobiriwira ndi mbewu za muzu zimakonda kudziunjikira nitrate. Koma apa, naponso, kuphatikiza kwa njira zamaulimi, kupangira njira zowunikira bwino komanso kuchepetsedwa kokwanira kuphatikiza nitrate kumakupatsani mwayi wopeza zinthu zotetezeka. Mitundu ya beet monga beets sikulakalaka kudzikundikira kwa nitrate. Chireole, Mlimi ndi Mulattoradishi osiyanasiyana Carmelita, saladi Lamba wa makangaza. Zotsatira zazikulu pakupeza zachilengedwe zamasamba zachilengedwe ndizotheka pakupanga matekinoloje omwe amaphatikiza mitundu yotsutsa mitundu ndi ma hybrids, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zodzitetezera zachilengedwe ndi njira zina zaulimi. Posachedwa, tapanga timtundu wambiri poyerekeza ndi nthawi ya chilimwe-nyengo yachilimwe popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Njirayi imapereka kukwera kwambiri m'malo obisalamo. Pakadali pano, angapo hybrids athu amakula popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoteteza. Mwachitsanzo: nkhaka Pragmatist F1 nthawi yoyamba, Bastion F1, Mofulumira komanso mwachangu F1, Woyambitsa F1, chakumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi chilimwe, zipatso zokhala phwetekere Scarlet Caravel F1, Moto F1, Nyanja F1chitumbuwa Kasupe wokoma F1, Elf F1 ndi ena komanso kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Izi zidatheka chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito misampha yapadera ya tizilombo. Ntchitoyi ikuchitika molumikizana ndi All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Quarantine, wopanga misampha. Pakadali pano, kukonzekera kwa malingaliro pakugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumalizidwa, ndipo adzaperekedwa kwa olima masamba azamba.

Izi ndi zotsatira zoyambirira zotsogola.Patsogolo ndi mwayi wabwino wophatikiza zomwe tikufuna kupanga ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, kuchokera ku zolimbikitsa kukula kupita ku mankhwala kuti muwononge tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Pezani octave

Pomaliza, titha kunena kuti masiku ano kusankhidwa kwa mitundu yatsopano ndi ma hybrids of the Agroholding Search kumapatsa anthu aku Russia mwayi wokulitsa masamba okoma komanso athanzi. Timachita izi chifukwa timasamala zaumoyo komanso kutalika kwa moyo wa anthu aku Russia.

Klimenko N.N. Wowongolera, Chinsinsi. S--kh. N., Khovrin A.N. Mutu wa Kusasala Malo Ofufuza Zoyeserera, Chikwangwani. S--kh. n ,, Ognev V.V. Mutu wa malo osungira a Rostov., Ph.D. S--kh. n