Whitefly - Ichi ndi gulugufe wachichepere yemwe angawononge mbewuyi. Kutalika kwake, kumatha kutalika kuyambira mamilimita 1.5 mpaka 3, mapiko ndi thupi lake ndi loyera, ndipo mungu wanthaka uli pamwamba pawo. Mphutsi zonse ndi achikulire omwe amagwiritsa ntchito msuzi wa ndiwo zamasamba ngati chakudya, akumamwa mankhwalawo. Izi zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa mbewu. Itha kumwalira kumapeto. Masamba amakhala opanda mtundu, mmerawu umazirala ndikufa. Komabe, ngati mungazindikire izi munthawi yake, ndiye kuti sizovuta kuwononga, pomwe chomera sichingawonongeke.
Zizindikiro zakunja za matenda
Ngati mukuwona kuti gulugufe, yemwe ndi woyera, wofanana ndi njenjete, amawuluka pafupi ndi chomera, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuyendera. Chifukwa chake, mutha kungogwedeza chitsamba bwinobwino ngati kungatheke. Zikakhala kuti zoyera, ndiye kuti ziuluka pomwepo.
Palinso zizindikiro zina zatenda:
- Pansanja ya masamba, mutha kuwona mphutsi za tizilombo. Zikuwoneka ngati mamba angapo owoneka bwino.
- Maonekedwe padziko la chomera chonyezimira mame a uchi. Izi zomwe zimasungidwa ndi tizilombo ndizotaya moyo (monga aphid).
- Malo amdima akuda pamtunda. Izi ndichifukwa chowoneka ngati bowa wa soot, yemwe amakhala pang'onopang'ono pamame a uchi.
- Kukula kwa mbewu yomwe yakhudzidwa kumacheperachepera, masamba ake amasintha chikaso ndikuyamba kupindika.
Zoyambitsa Whitefly
Monga lamulo, zovala zoyera zimangowoneka munthawi yotentha yokha nthawi zina zimakhala nyengo. Chifukwa chake, iyenera kukhala yotentha kwambiri ndi yonyowa. Izi ndichifukwa choti tizilombo timeneti timamva bwino m'malo otentha komanso otentha. Komabe, ngati kutentha kumatsika pansi pa madigiri 10 Celsius, ndiye kuti mbewa yoyera imafa, koma mazirawo amatha kudikirira nthawi yayitali mpaka kutentha ndi chinyezi kukwera kwambiri.
Palinso malo omwe kachilombo koyipitsako kamangokonda kukhala chaka chonse, mwachitsanzo, mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena kutentha. Kwambiri, amakonda mitundu yomwe mulibe mpweya wabwino, ndipo mbewu zimabzalidwa nthawi zambiri. Pankhani imeneyi, monga njira yodzitetezera, ndizotheka kupangitsa kuti agulugufewo azikhala momasuka, kuchotsa, ngati zingatheke, zina mwazabwino za kukhalapo kwake. Mwachitsanzo:
- mbewu zisabzalidwe pafupi ndi inzake;
- ndikofunikira kuti chipindacho ndichipinda chokwanira komanso chokwanira;
- ngati nyengo ndi yonyowa, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndibwino kuchedwetsa;
- pangani mbeu kukhala yolimba mwa kuthira manyowa munthawi ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma biostimulants, mwachitsanzo: mpendadzuwa, amulet, epin ndi zina.
Njira zomenyera nkhondo
Pofuna kuthana ndi tiziromboti ndiofunika kwambiri mankhwala ndi wowerengeka azitsamba.
Ambiri mwa makemikolo ndi othandiza kwambiri chifukwa chakuti zinthu zapoizoni zimalowa m'zomera ndi kulowa mumadzimadzi. Tadya msuziwu, onse akuluakulu ndi mphutsi zimafa pambuyo maola ochepa. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mazira omwe adayikidwa adzapulumuka. Chifukwa chake, chomera chimayenera kuchizidwa kangapo (2 kapena 3), pomwe nthawi yayitali pakati pawo imafunikira.
Zithandizo za Folk, kapena, ambiri aiwo zimakhudza kachilombo kamavulala kwambiri. Iwo samalowa mu chomera.
Payokha, ndi koyenera kuwunikira misampha yapadera ndi mafinya. Chidziwitso ndikuti pakuwonongeka kwathunthu kwa tizilombo zovulaza ndizofunikira kuzigwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kwambiri, komanso zonse chifukwa zimangowononga zovala zoyera okha.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito misampha
Misako ya guluu imatha kukupulumutsirani ku tizirombo. Amapachikidwa mwachindunji pamtunda. Pali makampani ambiri omwe amapanga, mwachitsanzo: Pheromone, ARGUS, Bona Forte ndi zina zotero. Msampha womwewo ndi kachidutswa kakang'ono ka katoni kapena pulasitiki, pomwe pamamatira zomatira zosapukuta. Ndiwopanda khungu komanso wopanda fungo, komanso ndiyopanda poizoni.
Mtundu wokongoletsa wachikaso umakopa tizirombo ta mtundu uwu, ndipo timamatirira ku misampha ngakhale titalumikizidwa kwambiri. Komabe, sizoyera zokha zomwe zingagwere mumsampha uwu, zimathandizanso kupha nsabwe za m'masamba, mavu, ma ntchentche ogwira ntchito mgodi, udzudzu wa bowa, komanso nthata za akangaude.
Misampha iyi itha kuchitika mosavuta ndi manja anu. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera makatoni owonda, omwe amafunika kudulidwa kuti asakhale akulu makona ndi kupaka utoto wachikasu. Pambuyo pake, mafuta a castor, mafuta odzola kapena chisakanizo cha rosin ndi uchi ziyenera kuyikidwa pamwamba pawo. Makatoni amatha m'malo mwake ndi hardboard kapena plywood.
Wogwira misampha akhoza kupanga chitsulo, mtengo kapena pulasitiki. Misampha yosasunthika iyenera kuyikidwa mwachindunji pamtunda womwe wakhudzidwa. Misampha yogulidwa pamtundu, monga lamulo, imakhala ndi waya woonda, pomwe chidutswa cha kakhadi chimakhazikika pamalowo. Ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda awa adawoneka mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndiye kuti msampha wamtunduwu umayenera kupachikidwa 1 chidutswa chilichonse pamtunda wa mita 10. M'chipindamo, msampha umodzi umayikidwa pawindo lililonse.
Misampha yotere imatha kusintha matepi apadera ndi zomatira pamtambo kuchokera ku ntchentche, iyeneranso kupachika kanthu kakang'ono pazenera lililonse.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito fumigator
Kukula kwakukulu, fumigator (yonse ndi mbale ndi madzi) imatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zovala zoyera, zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zimenyane ndi ntchentche kapena udzudzu. Tsekani zitseko ndi mawindo mwamphamvu ndikuyatsa fumigator, ndikuyiyika kuyandikira pafupi ndi mbewu zomwe zili ndi kachilombo. Nthawi yomweyo, onse anthu ndi ziweto zimayenera kuchotsedwa mchipindacho, popeza poyizoni amatha kupezeka.
Zithandizo za anthu a Folk polimbana ndi azungu
Njira zosavuta kwambiri zothetsera tizirombo zimagwira pokhapokha poyambira matenda. Chowonadi ndi chakuti adapangidwa kuti awononge nthawi yamoyo wa zovala zoyera.
Kuthirira masamba
Kusintha kwa mphutsi kukhala tizilombo toyambitsa matenda akuluakulu kumachitika masiku 7. Mpaka pano, iwo, okhala kumbali yolakwika ya tsamba, akuyamwa mwachangu misuzi. Kuti muchepetse tiziromboti, tifunika kuwononga mphutsi zambiri momwe tingathere. Chifukwa chake, kamodzi pa sabata, muyenera kupukuta tsamba lililonse mosamala ndi chofewa chofewa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchita izi ndi yankho la sokosi. Yesani kuchotsa mphutsi zonse zomwe zimapezeka pamapepala. Pakapita nthawi, tizirombo tidzawonongedwa kwathunthu.
Komabe, njirayi imagwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati masamba ambiri alipo. Chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, m'mabizinesi ochulukirapo, malo obiriwira, malo obiriwira, njirayi siigwira ntchito komanso imalimbikira ntchito.
Kutsitsa kutentha kwa mpweya mpaka madigiri 10
Ngati kutentha kumatsitsidwa mpaka madigiri 10 kapena kuchepera, ndiye kuti akuluakulu amafa, koma mphutsi zingapo ndi mazira amakhalabe amoyo ndipo amangokhala hibernate. Pambuyo pakuwonjezera kutentha kwa madigiri oposa 15, amakhalanso ndi moyo ndikupitiliza zochitika zawo wamba.
Mankhwala ena wowerengeka ali ndi mayankho osiyanasiyana, omwe amayenera kuthirira mbewu yomwe yakhudzidwa kapena kuipopera.
Kupaka minyewa ndi mayankho pothana ndi zovala zoyera
Yankho la sopo
Kukonzekera yankho, kuchapa kapena sopo wa phula ndikoyenera. Iyenera kusankha ndi grater. Sungunulani sopo m'madzi muyezo wa 1: 6. Madzi omwe amayambitsidwa amayenera kumenyedwa bwino kuti apange chithovu chokhazikika, kenako, pogwiritsa ntchito chinkhupule, chiikeni pansi pamalowo. Zomera zobiriwira za chomera zitha kuthiliridwa ndi yankho lake, osamukwapula. Dothi lapamwamba liyeneranso kupopera.
Nthawi zina, tizilombo tonse titha kuwonongeka itatha yoyamba chithandizo. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, chithandizo chatsopano chidzafunika pambuyo masiku 7.
Garlic kulowetsedwa
Pa lita imodzi yamadzi oyera, mufunika ma clove awiri oyambira adyo (magalamu 6). Sakanizani zonse, kuphimba ndi kuyeretsa chidebe pamalo amdima. Pambuyo maola 24, kulowetsaku kumasefedwa ndikugwiritsira ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Monga lamulo, chithandizo cha 2 kapena 3 ndichokwanira, pakati pawo pazikhala yopuma sabata 1.
Yarrow therere kulowetsedwa
Pa lita imodzi yamadzi mufunika pafupifupi magalamu 90 a masamba a yarrow (osawuma). Sakanizani ndi kunena maola 48. Kenako kulowetsako kumafunika kusefedwa ndipo kumatha kuthandizidwa ndi sprayer. Mankhwala okwanira 2 kapena 3, yopuma ndi sabata limodzi.
Kulowetsedwa kwa fodya
Kukonzekera kulowetsedwa, muyenera kugula ndudu (mwachitsanzo, ndidzatero) Mumasefa fodya kuchokera mu ndudu ndikuthira madzi osatentha kwambiri. Chotsani osakaniza pamalo amdima, ndipo pakatha masiku 5 kulowetsedwa kudzakhala kokwanira kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Imafunika kusefedwa ndikugwiritsira ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Kufufuza kumachitika kamodzi masiku atatu, mpaka zovala zazimiririka.
Dandelion Flask
Pophika, muyenera magalamu 40 a masamba a dandelion ndi mizu yomweyi ya mbewuyi. Amadulidwa bwino, kenako amasakanizidwa ndi madzi okwanira. Pambuyo masiku atatu kapena anayi, kulowetsaku kudzakhala kukonzeka. Pambuyo pang'onopang'ono, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupopera mbewu. Kusintha kubwerezedwa kangapo, pomwe gawo pakati pawo likhale sabata.
Mankhwala Otsutsana Ndi Whitefly
Ngati matendawa alidi wamphamvu kapena wowerengeka satha, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera.
Aktara
Chida chothandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi tizirombo ndi mankhwala a Aktara. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi kutalika kwake. Chifukwa chake, amatha kupereka chitetezo kwa milungu itatu kapena isanu. Ndi yankho lochepetsedwa, mumangofunika kuthirira mbewu pansi pazu. Thiamethoxam, wopezeka kukonzekera, amalowa mu msuzi wamasamba ndikuthandizira kuti tizirombo tife, onse akuluakulu ndi mphutsi. Zotsatira zake, zovala zoyera zonse zimafa. Ngati matendawa ndi oopsa kwambiri, ndiye kuti, limodzi ndi kuthirira, akatswiri amalangizanso kuti ufewe mbewu ndi yankho lomweli. Potere, mankhwalawa amayenera kubwerezedwa katatu pakadutsa sabata iliyonse.
Malangizo. Kuwononga mbewa zana limodzi pambuyo pa chithandizo choyambirira, m'malo mwa malita 10 a madzi pachikwama (magalamu 1.4) a chinthu, malita awiri kapena atatu ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kusakaniza mochulukirapo sikungavulaze mbewuyo, ngakhale ikafika masamba. Afunika kuthilira mbewu pansi pazu ndipo anthu onse azirombo adzafa.
Wotsimikiza
Ichi ndi mankhwala othandiza kwambiri omwe ali ndi zonse mwatsatanetsatane komanso yolumikizana. Patangotha mphindi 90 kuchokera ku chithandizo (kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kuthirira), zovala zoyera zimayamba kufa. Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo chimodzi chokha ndi chokwanira kuwononga anthu onse.
Chofunikira chachikulu pa mankhwalawa ndi imidacloprid. Ili m'mbali zosiyanasiyana zophatikizidwa ndi mankhwala monga: Copfidor, Gaucho, Commander, Applaud, Admir, Provado, Marathon. Ngati zingatheke, amatha kusinthana wina ndi mnzake.
Agravertine (Akarin)
Chipangizochi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha tizirombo tambiri, mwachitsanzo, zovala zoyera, nthata za kangaude, komanso mitundu ingapo ya matumbo a ndulu. Ayenera kupopera mbewuzo. Kuti muchite izi, masamba amakhala ndi chonyowa ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muziyesera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (mwachitsanzo, mutha kuwaza mankhwalawo pamtambo wa zovala zoyera).
Chida ichi ndi tizilombo, yodziwika ndi kukhudzana-m'mimba. Izi zikutanthauza kuti imatha kuthana ndi kachilombo akagunda mwachindunji, komanso ikalowa ndi chakudya.
Spark (bio, golide, pawiri)
Amapezeka mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi osungunuka ndi madzi, timitengo tokhala tambiri, timadzimadzi mu ampoules, komanso ufa. Ndi yankho lokonzekera, muyenera kuthirira mbewuyo. Pakapita kanthawi kochepa, zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwalawa zimawonekera m'matupi a chomera ndipo zimakhala mpaka masiku 25. Mwambiri, chithandizo chimodzi ndikokwanira kuchotsa nsungu.
Fitoverm
Kudziletsa kumeneku kumatha kuwononga pafupifupi mitundu yonse yazilombo zovulaza. Kuti muchotse zovala zoyera kwambiri, muyenera kuchita mankhwalawa 1 kapena 2.
Madalo
Chida ichi, kuphatikiza ndi tizilombo, chimathanso kupha nkhupakupa. Zingowononga mbewa yoyera. Koma nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mankhwalawa ndi oopsa kwambiri (Giredi 2) ndipo alibe fungo labwino kwambiri.
Komanso pankhondo yolimbana ndi tizilombo titha kugwiritsa ntchito: Rovikurt, Fufanon, Alatar, Zeta, Inta-Vir, Top-star.
