Mafuta a basamu m'nyumba ku Russia amadziwika bwino ndi dzina lina. Kwa m'malovu a shuga, omwe amapangidwa m'mphepete mwa masamba a chomera mutathirira, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "Vanka Wet", chifukwa cha maluwa okhazikika "Spark". Ali ndi mayina ena ambiri. Ganizirani kusamalira dimba kunyumba.
Balsamine (Impatiens) ndi dzina la Chilatini la maluwa. Amatanthauziridwa ngati "osapirira", chifukwa mabokosi omwe ali ndi njere, ngati agwidwa, amatsegulidwa ndipo mbewuzo zimatayidwa kutali kwambiri ndi chomera.
Popeza pali mitundu yambiri yamitundu, ziyenera kudziwika kuti pali maluwa yosavuta komanso terry, yokhayokha komanso yosonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescence.
Beriamu
Terry ali ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri, ofanana ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono. Maluwa a Terry amatha kukhala osiyana mitundu, kupatula mtundu wamtambo ndi wachikaso. Popeza maluwa a basamu pafupifupi chaka chonse, phwando lokongola pazenera lanu silidzakusiyirani inu kapena anzanu.
Ngakhale popanda njira yapadera pakapangidwe ka malo, basamu amakongoletsa nyumba yanuMafuta akhoza kukhala pachaka kapena osatha chomera. Kutalika kwa tsinde lamadzimadzi, kutengera mtunduwo, kutalika kwa 20 mpaka 50. Tchire tating'ono timakongoletsedwa ndi masamba a wavy m'mphepete, obiriwira, ofiira, kapena amkuwa. Madontho ofanana ndi mawonekedwe a makhiristo a shuga m'mphepete mwa masamba, pomwe duwa lidatchedwa "Vanka Wet".
Kusamalira pakhomo
Kusamalidwa koyenera kunyumba kumakhala ndi malamulo angapo omwe amafunikira, omwe ngakhale oyambitsa maluwa atha kutsata.
Chinyezi ndi kuthirira: chilimwe ndi dzinja
Mafuta a basamu kwambiri amakonda madzi. Ndi kuthirira kosakwanira, iye amayamba kuponya masamba apansi, thunthu ndi nthambi zimataya mphamvu.
| Kutsirira malamulo nthawi zosiyanasiyana pachaka | |
| M'chilimwe | kuthirira mbewu tsiku lililonse. Mafuta a basamu amakonda kwambiri kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. M'chilimwe, mutha "kutsuka" duwa tsiku lililonse. Tikumbukire kuti madzi ochulukirapo kuchokera pachomera ayenera kuthiriridwa |
| M'nyengo yozizira | kuthirira kumachepetsedwa mpaka 2 pa sabata |
Pothirira, gwiritsani ntchito woteteza madzi momwe amachepetsa mchere wa chlorine ndi mchere wamchere. Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala m'mphepete mwa mphika wa maluwa, kuti musavulaze muzu wa khosi la chomera.
Kutentha ndi Zowunikira
Basamu imamverera bwino m'malo okhala ndi kuyatsa kwabwino. Komabe, kuyatsidwa mwachindunji ndi dzuwa kuyenera kupewedwa. Kutentha kwenikweni ndi + 16 ° C - + 22 ° C. Ndi kuthirira kwabwinobwino, kumathandizanso kutentha kwambiri m'chilimwe.
Monga mbewu zina zamkati, ndikofunikira kuteteza duwa kuti lisawone mwachindunjiNthaka, poto ndi chomera
Miphika yaying'ono yokhala ndi duwa labwino wamaluwa ndiyabwino. Sikovuta kugula dothi lililonse m'malo ogulitsa maluwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochuluka komanso michere m'nthaka, balsamine amayamba kuphuka kwambirindikupereka zonenepa zambiri.
Pansi pa mphika wa maluwa uyenera kuyikika dongo la dongo lakukulitsidwa. Dothi limakhala ndi: magawo awiri a nthaka yopanda masamba, magawo awiri a nthaka yopingasa, magawo awiri a kompositi, mbali ziwiri za mchenga ndi gawo limodzi la peat.
Kuvala kwapamwamba kumayenera kuchitika ndi feteleza wosavuta wamaluwa, omwe amayamba kamodzi pakatha masabata awiri munthawi ya maluwa. Chomera chikakhala mu nthawi yochepa, kudyetsa sikuyenera kuchitika.
Kudulira
Kudulira nthawi zambiri kumachitika mchaka kupangitsa kukongoletsa katundu wa basamu. Ndi kukula kwamphamvu, nthambi zimadulidwa. Ngati mukufuna kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mbali mphukira, ndiye kutsina maluwa.
Nthambi zokhwima zingagwiritse ntchito tchire zatsopano. Pambuyo podulira, kukula kumakulitsidwa, duwa limapangidwanso.
Kumbukirani kuwachotsa kwakanthawi masamba, maluwa, ndi masamba omwe ataya masamba.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Gawoli, tasankha matenda ndi tizirombo tating'onoting'ono zomwe zili zoopsa ku duwa. Tikuwona momwe tingasamalire mafuta a basamu ngati mukudwala:
- Mose. Matenda omwe masamba amayamba kupunduka, atakutidwa ndi mawanga achikasu. Ngati nthawi sigwira, tsinde limayamba kutembenukira chikasu ndi louma. Nthawi zambiri onyamula matenda nsabwe za m'masamba ndi zotupa. Kuti musunge, muyenera kung'amba masamba omwe akhudzidwa ndikuthira duwa ndi kachilombo.
- Gray zowola. Mawanga a bulauni pamasamba, omwe, ngati sanachitidwe, amaphimba msipu wonsewo. Amakula mwachangu ndi chinyezi chowonjezereka komanso kutentha. Ndikofunikira kupatsirana mpweya wabwino nthawi zonse, kuteteza basamu kuti asakonzekere. Ngati khungu laimvi lapezeka, gwiritsani ntchito fungicides yoyenera.
Zowola ndizowopsa pamizere, chifukwa zimatha kubweretsa duwa- Tsamba lamkuwa. Matenda a viral masamba omwe kukula kwawo kumachepetsa komanso kusintha kwa masamba kumayamba. Tsoka ilo, matendawa sangathe kuchiritsidwa, muyenera kuchotsa maluwa omwe ali ndi matenda pofuna kupewa matenda a mbewu zina zamkati.
- Spider mite. Nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi mafuta a basamu. Zikaoneka zachikasu masamba, munthu ayenera kukhala wosamala. Popewa kuwonongeka, muyenera kuthira mafuta nthawi zonse.
Pakaoneka nkhupakupa, muyenera chotsani mbali zonse za duwa ndikuchita ndi mankhwala oyenera, omwe angagulidwe ku malo ogulitsa maluwa.
- Zovala zoyera. Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono tambiri timene timadya masamba a basamu. Masamba omwe amakhudzidwa amachotsedwa ndipo chomera chimathandizidwa ndi mankhwala oyenera.
- Zopatsa. Chotsani masamba omwe akhudzidwa ndikuwongolera chomeracho. Onetsetsani kuti mukukonzekera zida zoyendetsera matenda osafunikira m'masitolo apadera ndikutsatira mosamala malangizo ogwiritsa ntchito.
Ngati mankhwala atizilombo atagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika, pamakhala ngozi yoti duwa liziwonekera- Ma nsabwe. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'ono timene timakhudza osati mafuta a basamu okha, koma ndi zovulaza zomera zambiri zamkati. Itha kuthandizidwa ndi yankho la sopo yochapa.
Masamba omwe akhudzidwa ayenera kupukutidwa ndi chinkhupule chofowoleredwa m'madzi a sopo. Pofuna kuti sopo asalowe munthaka, kukulani mphika gwiritsitsani filimu.
Musaiwale kuti ntchito yonse yokhudzana ndi chithandizo cham'mimba chomera iyenera kuchitika ndi magolovesi.
Momwe mungasamalire nthawi yotentha komanso yozizira
M'nyengo yozizira, madzi ambiri nthawi zambiri. 2 pa sabata ndizokwanira. Ngati mpweya mchipindacho uli wouma kuchokera pazida zokutentha, muyenera kumwaza maluwa nthawi zonse. Kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wabwino ukupezekanso, womwe umafunikanso nthawi yozizira, chipindacho chizikhala ndi mpweya wokwanira.
Pa nthawi yakukoka ndege, mutha kutero pangani pepala, kapena kuphimba ndi nsalu yopepuka. Ngati mbewuzo zilibe kuwala lokwanira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nyali zapadera.
M'chilimwe, muyenera kutengulira mbewuyo pang'ono kuti ipulumutsidwe ndi dzuwa. Tisaiwale kuti salola kulembedwa. Madzi mu chirimwe tsiku lililonse. Pankhani ya balsamine, chikomokere chadothi chisalole kuti chiume.
Mavuto osamalira omwe angakhale
Mafuta a basamu sikuti ali ndi vuto kwambiri. Chofunikira kukumbukira ndikuti amakonda kutentha ndi chinyezi komanso kuyatsa kwabwino. Kutengera ndi mikhalidwe imeneyi, imakondwera ndi maluwa okongola komanso okongola chaka chonse.
Chachikulu ndichakuti muzitsata boma lolondola. Ndi chikondi chonse chinyezi, mafuta a basamu amatha kufa kuchokera ku chinyezi chambiri. M'nyengo yozizira kuwonjezera kuyatsa zotheka pogwiritsa ntchito nyali zowonjezera.
Thirani maluwa
Kuika zikhale pomwe mizu yake iwonekera. Miphika yoyambitsiramo iyenera kukhala yayikulu kwambiri kuposa yoyamba ija.
Mafuta obisalamo mumphika waukulu umaphuka kwambiri.
Chomera chamaluwa sichofunika kuziwitsidwa. Tsiku loti lisanatsanulidwe, mafuta a basamu amayenera kuthiriridwa kuti athe kutuluka mumphika. Mukamavala, muyenera kuchotsa mizu yakale kapena yowola.
Pazowonjezera zilizonse, muyenera kuyang'ana mizu kuti muchotse odwala ndikuletsa kutulutsaMalo odulirawo ndi abwinoko makala. Kenako ikani mphika watsopano, ndikuwonjezera dothi. Mukabzala, ndibwino kusiya chomera pamthunzi kwa masiku 2-3 kuti chitha kuzolowera nyengo yatsopano.
Kodi zimaswana bwanji?
Kudula
Ndi kubereka uku, ndikofunikira kutenga phesi mpaka 10 cm. Ma cutic apical omwe atsala mutatha kukonza ndi angwiro. Zidutswazo ziyenera kusiyidwa mumtsuko waung'ono wamadzi, kuti zipsere ndi kutentha komanso kuwala kokwanira. Pambuyo pa masabata 1-1.5 mizu yake idzawoneka m'manja. Zikafika 2 cm, chomera ndichokonzeka kubzala.
Kuti izi zitheke, ndikofunikira kubzala mu kapu yaying'ono ndi dothi. Pambuyo pozika mizu kwathunthu, mafuta a basamu amamuika mumphika wokulirapo ndi njira yodutsa. Chomera chimasunthidwa mosamala kupita ku chidebe chatsopanocho ndi mtanda wina, kuti muwononge mizu yokhazikika. Kale patatha miyezi yochepa adzakondweretsa maluwa oyamba.
Njira yosavuta yomwe mungatengere kuti mukule duwa lomwe latsalira mutadulira maluwaKufalitsa mbewu
Kuti mupeze mbewu za basamu, muyenera kumangiriza mabokosi ambewu osapsa ndi nsalu. Kenako, chikacha, mbewuzo sizikuuluka. Mbewu zokolola zimasungira kumera kwa zaka 5-8. Kubzala mbewu nthawi zambiri kumachitika mu Epulo-Meyi.
Pofesa mbewu, muyenera kukonzekera mabokosi akuluakulu. Dothi lisanabzalidwe limatetezedwa ndi madzi otentha kapena yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Dothi liyenera kuzunguliridwa kuti liwonjezeke.
Nthaka imakathiridwa madzi mosamala ndi botolo la utsi. Mbewu zofesedwa bwino panthaka, ikumwaza pang'ono pang'ono ndi nthaka. Kenako, phulizirani pang'ono dothi. Chidebe chokhala ndi mbewu chimakutidwa ndi kanema kapena galasi kuti apange greenclimate.
Kumbukirani nthawi zonse mpweya wabwino wa mbande. Kanemayo kapena galasi limadzuka kwa mphindi zingapo tsiku lililonse.
Mbewu zikaoneka, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa, ndipo nthawi yomwe mumakhala mlengalenga imakulitsidwa.
Zomera zikamera, muyenera kusankha mbewuzo.
Pakadumphira m'madzi, zitsamba zazing'ono zimayenera kuziika m'miphika kapena m'matumba a peat.
Mafuta a basamu amathamanga bwanji
Mafuta a basamu amasiyana ndi mbewu zina zamkati komanso kukula kwake. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, limamasula miyezi 3 mutabzala. Mafuta a basamu ayenera kutsimikizira chikondi ndi chisamaliro chamaluwa opitilira mosalekeza ndikupanga chithunzithunzi chamkati.
Kodi maluwa amakakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Olima ambiri oyamba kumene amayang'anira chidwi cha masamba a basamu. Musachite mantha. Iyi ndi njira yobala. Popeza kuchuluka kwa kukula, alimi ambiri osagwira chomera zoposa chaka chimodzi, koma ndi chisamaliro chokhazikika chimakhala chokwanira kwa zaka 2-3. Pankhaniyi, pang'onopang'ono mutha kusintha chomera chomwe mumakonda ndi njira zatsopano.
Mitundu ya osatha ndiyo yankho labwino kwambiri ngati simukufuna kuchotsa maluwa pachakaMukabzala maluwa awiri ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, oyera ndi ofiira, pafupi ndi inzake, mutha kupeza chomera chokhala ndi masamba oyera-oyera. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi, maluwa amayamba kuzimiririka mwachangu ndipo ndizosatheka kuziwatchanso.
Mavuto wamba akamakula m'nyumba
Chifukwa chiyani maluwa a basamu amagwa?
Kuthirira kosakwanira kumatha kupangitsa maluwa kugwa ngakhale masamba osapsa. Musaiwale kusinthasintha duwa nthawi ndi nthawi; kusowa kwa kuyunikiranso kumapangitsa kugwa ndi kuphuka.
Chifukwa chiyani sichimera
Mafuta a basamu sayenera kubzala m'miphika yayikulu, pomwe masamba akukulira, amatha kusiya kutulutsa mphika waukulu. Musaiwale kuti basamu salola bwino dothi lolemera ndi zochulukirapo za feteleza, zingathanso kusokoneza maluwa ake.
Chomera chimadzimva kutentha pakatikati pa + 16 ° C, kuthirira osakwanira komanso kuyatsa kosakwanira.
Chifukwa masamba amasanduka achikasu
Ngati duwa ndilabwino, masamba amasintha chikasu osakwanira kuthirira. Kapena padzuwa. M'nyengo yozizira, chikasu cha masamba chimatha chifukwa cha kutentha kochepa kwa chipinda.
Kusintha kwa utoto wa masamba - momwe maluwa amadziwitsira eni ake za zovuta zaumoyoSikuti Mafuta a Basamu okha amathanso kukhala ndi mavuto ndi masamba. Izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, tidaganiza zoyenera kuchita ngati masamba atasinthira chikasu pa ficus wa Benjamin.
Kubala mbewu zamkati sichinthu chophweka. Ndi kuwononga nthawi ndi nyonga, koma nthawi imodzimodziyo kuposa kulipira kukongola, kuphatikiza kwamkati ndi zabwino zomwe mbewu zimabweretsa kunyumba kwathu.
Mitundu yamafuta ndi maluwa okoma a maluwa amasangalala, khalani bwino ndikubweretsa chisangalalo mnyumbayo. Ino ndi holide yomwe imakhala nanu nthawi zonse!
