Chrysanthemum ndi maluwa apadera okhala ndi mbiri yosangalatsa yoyambira, yomwe ili ndi dzina lachiwiri "duwa lagolide". Zokhudza banja la a Astrov. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yambiri ya chrysanthemums ndi ya banja la Tansy. Pakadali pano, obereketsa amawerengetsa pafupifupi mitundu iwiri ya mbewu iyi. Komwe kudabadwa ntchito yokongola iyi ndi China. Pofika mu 551 BC, aku China adabzala kale ma chrysanthemums m'minda yawo.
Pambuyo pazaka mazana angapo, maluwawo adawonekera ku Japan, komwe adakhala mtundu wa maluwa amtundu ndipo adasandulika chizindikiro chosindikizidwa ndi mfumu. Kuphatikiza apo, imodzi mwa mphotho zapamwamba kwambiri ndi Order of Chrysanthemum. Pakadali pano, chilengedwe chokongola ichi chimadziwika padziko lonse lapansi; anthu ambiri amakonda maluwa amenewa chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake okongola modabwitsa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma chrysanthemums amakulolani kukongoletsa chikondwerero chilichonse, kuwonjezera mawonekedwe okongola mchipinda chamkati cha tchuthi kapena pangani phwando lokongola mosangalatsa.
Chrysanthemums ndi:
- shrubby
- udzu
- osatha
- pachaka
- maluwa akulu
- maluwa ochepa
Kulima kwachikhalidwe ichi kumatha kuchitika mosiyanasiyana, pobisalira mitengo komanso m'minda. Nthawi zambiri zimamera ngati chomera. M'malo obiriwira, chrysanthemums zazikulu zomwe zimakonda kubzala nthawi zambiri zimakula. Kutalika kwake kumafika masentimita 70-80. Nyengo yamaluwa imayamba kuyambira pakati pa nthawi yotentha (chilimwe) ndikupitilira mpaka nthawi yophukira. Nthawi zina nthawi yozizira imabwera modzidzimutsa, m'mundamu mutha kuwona chithunzi chokongola - thukuta la chrysanthemum, loyatsidwa ndi chipale chofewa.
Chrysanthemum Care
Choyambirira chachikulu cha chrysanthemums ndi nyengo yotentha, osati yotentha komanso yowala dzuwa. Ndikofunikira kukula maluwa, monga momwe akunenera, pakati pa golide nyengo yanyengo. Samakula bwino m'malo amdima, ozizira komanso opanda chinyezi. Malo abwino kwambiri okulitsa komanso maluwa ambiri adzakhala malo pomwe pali dzuwa lokwanira, mpweya wabwino komanso dothi labwino.
Izi sizifunikira kuthirira pafupipafupi, onetsetsani kuti dothi silitseka. Ndipo chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndi kupezeka kwa michere ndi zinthu zachilengedwe m'nthaka, zomwe ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa dothi m'nthawi yophukira. Zopangira monga manyowa kapena peat ndizabwino pachifukwa ichi. M'nyengo yotentha, nthawi yamasamba ikayamba, chrysanthemums iyenera kudyetsedwa ndi zosakaniza zapadera za mchere. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika kamodzi pa sabata.
Momwe mungafalitsire chrysanthemums
Kubereka kungakhale mumitundu ingapo:
- Mbewu
- Kudula
- Pogawa chitsamba chimodzi
Ma chrysanthemums ang'onoang'ono amakulitsa ndi mbewu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mbewu za mbande mu kasupe (kumapeto kwa Marichi, kumayambiriro kwa Epulo) kunyumba, ndiye kuti mbewuyo ikamamera pang'onopang'ono, ndikofunikira kuchita koyamba kutola pokhapokha pokhapokha mutabzyala panthaka. Ma chrysanthemums amtundu wocheperako omwe amafalitsidwa ndi mbewu.
Zodula zimatha kufalitsa mitundu yonse. Njirayi imalimbikitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa kasupe: nthawi zambiri kumapeto kwa February, koyambirira kwa Marichi. Kwa odulidwa, gawo lamunsi la tsinde limadulidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa. Malo odulidwa ayenera kukhala osalala komanso opanda burashi lililonse. Ndikofunikira kubzala zodulidwa m'nthaka yokonzedweratu, zokhala ndi michere ndi zowonjezera zina, mumiphika, m'nyumba.
Pakatha masiku 30, mbewuyo ikamakula, ikaziyala ndikuziika m'chidebe chachikulu, ndikugwiritsa ntchito kudulira pang'ono, yambani kupanga tsinde kukhala nthambi. Madzi m'magawo ang'onoang'ono amadzi dziko lapansi likamuma. Nthawi yofunda, nthaka ikadzaza bwino, mutha kubzala mbande zodula panthaka. Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, ndizotheka kusunga mawonekedwe amibadwo ingapo.
Kubalana mwa kugawa chitsamba kumachitika mchaka. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupatula gawo laling'ono, pomwepo padzakhala mphukira zingapo, ndikuziika kumalo ena.
Kutsina
Mwa kutsina, mbewu zamtchire zimapangidwa. Nthawi zambiri njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chrysanthemums kakang'ono. Mbewu yaying'ono ikafika timapepala tokwana 5, tsitsani pamwamba pa tsinde pang'ono. Pambuyo pakuwonekera kwa mphukira zatsopano, njirayi imabwerezedwa. Chifukwa cha izi, mphukira zatsopano zimapanga mawonekedwe a masamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chomera chamtundu umodzi chikhale.
Ma chrysanthemums okhala ndi maluwa akulu sachita izi. Mzere umodzi wokha watsala pamitengo yawo, enawo amachotsedwa. Kuti tipeze maluwa okulirapo, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale mphukira zochepa pamtengowo.
Matenda
Choyambitsa matenda ambiri a chrysanthemums ndikuwukira kwa tizirombo, monga nsabwe za m'masamba, nthata za kangaude, kupindika. Ngati tizirombo timapezeka pamera kapena pafupi ndi chomeracho, ndiye kuti ndiyofunika kuchiritsa maluwa onse ndi zinthu zina zakuphatikizira.
Kuphatikiza pa tizirombo, matenda monga dzimbiri, malo owoneka, imvi zowola ndi zotsekemera zimathanso kuchitika. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha zovuta zakukonza mbewu, izi: kuchuluka kwa nthaka ndi chinyezi. Mankhwalawa amatha kuwaza ndi ma fungicides apadera, musanagwiritse ntchito komweko ndikofunikira kuchotsa mapepala onse odwala kapena chomera chonse.
