Mimulus Yachilendo: Mitundu, zithunzi, zomwe zikukula kuchokera mu nthanga

Kwa mabedi ang'onoang'ono a maluwa m'minda ya maluwa ndi makongoletsedwe, chomera cha mimulus chokwawa ndizoyenera kwambiri. Ubwino wake umakhala ukuyenda nthawi yayitali ndi maluwa oyamba a mitundu yowala. Maluwa osadziwika komanso achinsinsi a Mimulus ali ofanana ndimaluwa. Kukula chomera ichi ndi ntchito yovuta, koma kubweretsa zotsatira zabwino monga makama amakongoletsedwa ndi maluwa ndi makonde.

Kufotokozera, mitundu ndi zithunzi za mimulus

Chomera kutanthauzira kumatanthauza amatsenga, wojambula. Zikuwoneka kuti zimachitika chifukwa cha maluwa, omwe ali ndi maluwa. Mwa mawonekedwe awo, amafanana ndi nkhope ya nyani, chifukwa chake, kudziko lakwawo amatchedwa maluwa anyani. M'dziko lathu, mimuli amadziwika kuti gubastiks.

Izi masamba obiriwira kapena chaka chilichonse amakula m'malo otentha a kumadzulo kwa North America. Mitundu ina imapezeka ku New Zealand, Australia, East Asia, Chile. Amaphuka kuyambira Epulo mpaka Julayi, akumakumana ndi chilala pakupuma. Ndi nthawi yamvula, milomo imatsitsimuka.

Pafupifupi, mimuli amafika masentimita 10 mpaka 60. Oyimira ena amtunduwu ndi zitsamba zomwe zimakula mpaka mamita awiri. Pa masamba awo okwawa kapena okhazikika, masamba apafupi, masamba oyang'anizana amakula ndi nthabwala zakuthwa. Maluwa amtundu wa inflemose amakhala ndi maluwa oyamba amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Tubular whisk pamunsi adagawana milomo iwiri. Mlomo wam'munsi utatu umayatsidwa patsogolo, ndipo kumtunda kumakhala timabowo tiwiri. Chipatso cha gubastik ndi bokosi la mbewu ziwiri.

Mitundu ya Mimus

Kwa wamaluwa zosangalatsa kwambiri Mitundu yamilomo ili:

1. Tiger mimulus ndi chomera chotsika ndipo ndi mtundu wodziwika kwambiri pachaka. Mahesiti mpaka 25 masentimita okwera amasiyanitsidwa ndi inflemose inflorescence omwe ali ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana mitundu. Mitundu ya haibridi imaphukira kuyambira kumapeto kwa Meyi mpaka kumapeto kwa Julayi.
2. Gubastik wokhala ndi utoto watatu ndi chomera chotchedwa herbaceous kutalika kwa 14 cm. Masamba ake owoneka pang'ono ophatikizika amakhala ozungulira mpaka kutalika kwa 4.5 cm. Pharynx ili ndi mtundu wa pinki komanso wamtambo wachikaso ndi zoyera pammero. Pa tsamba lililonse pamunsi pamakhala malo owoneka bwino.
3. Muscat mimulus ndi chomera cha herbaceous chomwe chimabisalira ntchofu ndi fungo la nati. Ziwalo zake zonse zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe. Chitsamba chokhala ndi zitsamba zowunjika kapena zokwawa zimakula mpaka masentimita 30. Maluwa achikasu m'mimba mwake amafika 2.5 cm.
4. Gubastik mkuwa-wofiira umakulitsidwa chaka chilichonse. Zomera zokhala ndi zokwawa 15 cm mulitali zimasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa azithunzi zamkuwa. Amatha kukhala achikaso, lalanje kapena ofiira.
5. Mimulus malalanje ndi chomera cha thermophilic kwambiri. Kutalika kwake, mapiko ake okhazikika amatha kufikira mamita 1.2 Ali ndi kuthekera kosinthika bwino, zomwe zimapatsa mbewuyo kukongoletsa kwambiri. Maluwa a Tubular amakhala ndi mitundu yayikulu isanu, yomwe mitundu yake imatha kukhala yoyera mpaka yofiira. Komabe, mitundu yowala kwambiri ya lalanje. Maluwa amayamba mu Meyi, ndikupitilira mpaka pakati pa Seputembara.
6. Gubastik Wokongoletsedwa akhoza kukhala chomera cha chaka ndi chaka kapena chosatha. Amasiyana m'miyala yokwawa kapena yowongoka, kutalika kwake kumatha kukhala 10-80 cm. Masamba ozungulira kapena ozungulira a mbewuyo amakhala okubooka kapena kupindika. Ma inflorescence amakhala ndi maluwa akulu kwambiri osaboweka a utoto wachikaso chowoneka bwino. Mlomo wapansi wa duwa lililonse umakutidwa ndi mawanga kuchokera kufiyira mpaka bulauni. M'madimba, mmera umalima chaka chilichonse.

Kukula mimulus kuchokera ku mbewu

Mbewu zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa odabwitsa awa zitha kugulidwa m'sitolo kapena nokha. kusonkhanitsa pambuyo kucha kwathunthu zipatso. Mukakulitsa siponji ya mbewu, zotsatirazi ziyenera kuonedwa:

1. Kunyumba, kufesa kumachitika kuyambira kumapeto kwa February mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Epulo.
2. Mabokosi ambewu ali ndi dothi lokhazikika, pansi pomwe mbewu zimafesedwa.
3. Kuchokera pamwambapa, dothi ndi nthangala za sapota zimapukutidwa ndi madzi otentha chipinda ndikuphimbidwa ndi polyethylene kapena galasi. Likukhalamo mini wowonjezera kutentha, lomwe liyenera kuyikidwa m'malo otentha ndi kutentha kwa mpweya osatsika kuposa + 18C.
4. Kusamalira mbewu zobzalidwa kuti dothi lisanyowe.
5. Kuti dothi lomwe lili pansi pa filimuyo lisayambe kuumbika, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti lizikhala ndi theka la ola tsiku lililonse, ndikuchotsa pogona izi.
6. Mbewu yoyamba ikangowonekera (itatha masiku 3-4), muli mbande zokhala ndi mbande zimayatsidwa malo abwino. Kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kukhala pakati pa 10-12C.
7. Masamba enieni awiri atatuluka, mbande zimakhazikika m'mbale zodyera. Kugwiritsa ntchito miphika ya peat ndikulimbikitsidwa, komwe kuyika malo osaloledwa kwa mbewu sikumapweteka.
8. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tikhala tosungika m'chipinda chochepa kwambiri kutentha.
9. Zomera zazing'ono zimayenera kudyetsedwa kawiri ndi yankho lochepa la potaziyamu.

Malinga ndi malingaliro onse, okhwima kwathunthu komanso akuluakulu ku ma Mimulus mkati mwa Meyi adzatero okonzeka kuyimitsa panja.

A Gubastik amabzala kunyumba kuchokera ku maluwa amatulutsa kumapeto kwa Meyi, ndipo amasangalala ndi maluwa awo kufikira chisanu, akupuma miyezi yotentha.

Kulimidwa

Mutha kubzala gubastik pamalo owunikira bwino komanso pamthunzi wochepa. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti dzuwa ndi kutentha mwachindunji zimachepetsa kukula ndi maluwa.

Tikufika

Mimuli amakonda dothi loamy ndi kuwonjezera peat ndi humus. Kukumba kumachitika nthawi yomweyo musanazike mbande. Mtunda pakati pa tchire uyenera kukhala kuchokera 20 mpaka 30 cm.

Ngati khonde limapangidwa ndi milomo, ndiye kubzala kuyenera kukhala mabokosi kapena mapotoyodzaza ndi zosakanikirana zapadera zapadziko lapansi. Kuti muchite izi, sakanizani:

• pepala lamtundu - magawo awiri;
• peat - 1 gawo;
• humus - magawo atatu;
• turf ndi mchenga.

Zomera zobzalidwa bwino zimathiridwa madzi ndikusoka. Poterepa, tchire lidzakhala lokongola kwambiri.

Zosamalidwa

Mitundu amafunika kuthirira okwanira. Makamaka mosamala muyenera kuyang'anira chinyezi cha nthaka m'miyezi yotentha yachilimwe. Komabe, kuthilira madzi dothi kosalekeza kungapangitse matenda osiyanasiyana. Kuti tichite izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuwunika momwe tchire limakhalira, ndipo mabowo ang'onoang'ono akawonekera pamasamba, muchepetse kuthirira.

Pafupifupi milungu iwiri mutabzala, gustavica iyenera kuyamba kudyetsa ndi feteleza wapadera wa mchere maluwa akutulutsa maluwa. Njira yothetsera vutoli imakonzedwa molingana ndi malangizo omwe aphatikizidwa kwa iwo. Kudyetsa kumachitika pakatha milungu itatu iliyonse.

Mukamasamalira pakati pa maluwa, kudulira tchire ndikofunikira. Gubastas pachimake kawiri pachaka - kasupe ndi yophukira, ndikupumula miyezi yotentha yotentha. Inali nthawi imeneyi pamene tchire lidadulidwa mwachidule ndikuthirira ndi yankho la feteleza wazovuta wa mchere. Zomera zimaphukira komanso kuphuka mwachangu. Pakusamalidwa kwa mimulus, munthu sayenera kuyiwala za kuchotsa pafupipafupi kwa namsongole ndikumasulira kwake dothi mozungulira chomera.

Mimulus okhwima mumbale, mizu ikadzaza chidebe chonse, muyenera kuisanja mosamala. Kuti muchite izi, mphika kapena bokosi lalikulu limasankhidwa, pomwe mbewu zimasungidwira pamodzi ndi mtanda winawake m'mizu.

Kuti tchire lizioneka lokongola komanso lotalika kwa nthawi yayitali, likufunika kuwasamalira Nthawi ndi nthawi kudula zouma zimayambira Chotsani inflorescence kuzirala.

Wachinyamata wa Gubastas wazaka chimodzi amakhala bwino m'zipinda zozizira bwino. Kuti muchite izi, amakumba mu kugwa, wobzalidwa mumzinthu zazing'ono ndikudula.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Ubwino wa mimulus ndikuti amalimbana kwambiri ndi tizirombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Komabe, milomo imatha kuukiridwa ndi azungu kapena nsabwe za m'masamba. Ngati tizirombo timapezeka pamasamba kapena zimayambira, mankhwalawa amafunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizirombo.

M'nyengo yotentha, tchire angakhudzidwe ndi imvi zowola. Njira zilizonse zothanirana ndi matendawa sizothandiza, ndiye kuti mbewuyo imawonongeka nthawi yomweyo. Kupanda kutero, matenda a virus atha kufalitsa ndikuwononga mbewu zina.

Nthawi zambiri, zitsamba zazing'ono zimakhala ndi vuto la ufa wa ufa ndi miyendo yakuda. Chotsani iwo mothandizidwa ndi systemic fungicides.

Kuti milomo isadwale, panthawi ya chisamaliro muyenera kuyesetsa kuti musakonde nthaka, ndipo masamba ndi zimayambira ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Dothi lozungulira mbewu tikulimbikitsidwa kuphimba ndi mulch.

Maluwa ofanana ndi ma minusus angagwiritsidwe ntchito koyamba kukongoletsa kama wamaluwa wamaluwa kapena kuchotsera. Mothandizidwa ndi nkhanu zobzalidwa m'mabokosi, machubu kapena mapaki amaluwa, makonde, mitengo ndi masitepe poyambilira zidapangidwa. Zomera zokonda madzi zimakongoletsa maiwe ndi madambo.