Izi nthawi zina zimachitika ndi wamaluwa m'malo awo. Pali zifukwa zambiri zosinthira mbewu zopangidwa kale m'malo atsopano: izi, mwachitsanzo, zikhalidwe za nthaka (nthawi zambiri zimakhudzana ndi nyengo). Zimachitika kuti malo omwe chitsamba chinakulira kwa zaka zingapo adayamba kusefukira ndi madzi osungunuka kapena amvula, kapena chitsamba mwadzidzidzi chidayamba kugwa. Mulimonsemo zinthuzo ndi zapakhomo, mwachitsanzo, woyandikana naye adamanga mpanda, ndipo tsopano chitsamba chanu chili pamthunzi, kapena mtengo wamtengo wamtchire wakula kwambiri kotero kuti chitsamba cha currant chomwe chikukula pafupi alibe malo.
Thirani currant chitsamba.
Mwanjira ina, tikufunika kukumana ndi zitsamba kumalo atsopano. Ndipo nthawi yomweyo, muyenera kuchita izi kuti mukabzala, chitsamba sichimazika mizu kwa nthawi yayitali ndikututa zipatso.
M'mawonekedwe, zonse zimawoneka zazing'ono komanso zosavuta: muyenera kukumba chitsamba ndikuchibzala, komabe, kutali, siziri choncho. Nthawi zambiri, zitsamba pambuyo paziunjikira zimangofa kapena kudwala ndikuzu mizu kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kuti chilichonse chikuyenda bwino, tikupereka m'nkhaniyi malingaliro onse osinthira, ndikupereka malangizo ena ofunikira, kenako tiwunika dongosolo lazopatsirana gulu lililonse la zitsamba.
Ndemanga zoyendetsera zipatso zamtchire
Kusankha kwampando. Imafunika kunyamulidwa musanayambe kumuyika. Pakadali pano yesani kusankha malo abwino kwambiri, osasefukira ndi madzi osungunuka kapena amvula, osakhala mumthunzi wowuma, wokhala ndi dothi labwino komanso lotayirira. Onetsetsani kuti mwasankha malo potengera mawonekedwe azikhalidwezo. Nenani ma buliberries amakonda acid ndi dothi lonyowa, ndi ma currants ngati osalowerera ndekha komanso onyowa, ndi zina zotero.
Konzani dzenjelo. Zachidziwikire, ndizovuta kuwerengera momwe ziyenera kukhalira pomwe mizu ya chitsamba idakali m'nthaka, koma mutha kukumba dzenje lalikulu, kunena mita imodzi ndi kuya. Bowo lidzayeneranso mizu ya zitsamba zambiri. Ndipo ngati mizu idakali yopanikizika, ndiye kuti dzenjelo litha kukulitsidwa mwachangu, limakhalabe mwachangu kuposa kukumba dzenje pomwe mizu ya chitsamba ichotsedwapo kale m'nthaka.
Mukamakumba chitsamba, musayambe kukumba mizu mwachindunji kuchokera pamtengo, koma choyamba kukumba mozungulira mzere (mosamala, kusamalira kuti asawononge mizu). Sankhani mdera lomwe zakupezekera, ndikukumba mu mizu yotsatira. Mukatha, mutha kungoyala chitsamba ndi fosholo ndikuichotsa panthaka.
Timakumba chitsamba.
Kukumba ndi kubwezeretsa chitsamba chilichonse, yesetsani kusunga mizu yolimba ndi kusiya dothi lochuluka paiwo momwe angathere. Kugwedeza dothi, osalole kuti muzitsuka mizu ndi madzi, palibe chifukwa. Zitha kukhala zowopsa, makamaka ngati kunja kwatentha.
Pambuyo pokumba ndi kubzala zitsamba zilizonse kumalo atsopano, amafunika kuperekedwa nthawi yanthawi kuthirira kosalekezakuti dothi lisaphwe. Nthawi yomweyo, simuyenera kusintha dothi kukhala chithaphwi, mumangofunika kuti nthaka ikhale yonyowa. Kutsirira kungaphatikizidwe ndi kuvala pamwambakugwiritsa ntchito masika mu supuni ya nitroammophoski, pakati pa chilimwe - supuni ya potaziyamu ya sodium ndi superphosphate, ndipo m'dzinja ndikofunikira kuti mulch nthaka yapafupi ndi khungidwe la phulusa (200-250 g pa chomera chilichonse). Phulusa limatha kuthiridwa pansi pa zitsamba zilizonse kupatula mabuleberiya, chifukwa phulusa limatha kusintha dothi.
Malangizo Ofunika
Kugulitsa nthawi. Pazifukwa izi, ndibwino kuti musankhe mochedwa yophukira kapena koyambirira kwamasika, koma ngati musintha zitsamba zazikulu kwambiri, ndiye kuti izi zitha kuchitika nthawi yozizira. M'nyengo yotentha, kubzala mbewu ngakhale ndi dothi lomwe kumakhala kowopsa, makamaka ngati mulibe mwayi wopatsa chitsamba mutabzala ndi chinyezi chokwanira komanso zakudya. Ponena za zakudya: feteleza omwe tawatchulawo mwachitsanzo (kupatula phulusa) amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino mwanjira yosungunuka m'madzi.
Yesani kudziwitsa zitsamba mwachangu. Kumbukirani: chitsamba chilinso m'nthaka, ndipamenenso mwayi wawo wopulumuka mwachangu m'malo atsopano. Nthawi zambiri nthawi yochuluka imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukumba chitsamba, pomwe kubzala kumachitika, monga lamulo, pakapita mphindi. Izi zikuyenera kukumbukiridwa komanso nthawi yoyikidwa molondola.
Timatulutsa chitsamba ndi dothi lapansi.
Timasunthira chitsamba ndi dothi lapansi kupita kumalo atsopano.
Timabzala chitsamba chobzalira mdzenje lobzala.
Momwe mungayikitsire tchire la currant, jamu, honeysuckle, ierga, viburnum, blueberry ndi mbewu zina zofananira
Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuthira chitsamba cha amodzi mwa mitunduyi. Yambani ndikusankha nthawi yoyenera yoika wina. Tawonetsa kale masikuwo, komabe, angadalire dera lanu. Mwachitsanzo, madera akumpoto, nthawi yabwino kwambiri yosinthira zitsamba ndi masika. Palibe chifukwa choti mufulumizire kufalikira: chisanu chikasungunuka, pitani pamalowo ndikuwonjezera kuti chitsamba chikutsegula masamba ake, kudzuka m'malo atsopano. Chifukwa chake mwayi wopambana wa bizinesi yanu ukuwonjezeka nthawi zambiri. M'pofunika kuti mumalize ndikumapeto kumapeto kwa Marichi, chifukwa nthawi imeneyi kumayamba kutuluka kwa mbewu kumayamba kale. Ngati mukuwona kuti simunakwane nthawi, ndiye kuti musatenge zoopsa, ndibwino kuchedwetsa kumuwonjezera mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, ndiye kuti mpaka pakati pa Novembala.
Monga tanena kale, zitsamba zitha kubwezeretsedwanso m'chilimwe. Izi ndizowopsa, koma ngati mutha kusunga mizu yolimba, musawononge malo pomwepo ndipo mutha kupereka chitsamba ndi chinyezi m'tsogolo, ndiye kuti mutha kuchita mwayi.
Kukhala kosavuta kukumba honeysuckle, mabuliberi ndi ma currants, zovuta kwambiri - gooseberries (chifukwa cha minga yake), koma chinthu chovuta kwambiri ndi kukumba igra ndi viburnum. Ngati tchire la viburnum lili ndi zaka zopitilira zisanu, ndipo chitsamba cha chipale chofeirira ndichoposa zisanu ndi ziwiri, ndiye kuti zidzakuvutani, popeza mizu ya mbewuzi ndi yolimba kwambiri ndipo imalowera kwambiri. Apa mutha kukumba mabowo m'lifupi ndi mita, koma mwakuya ndi bwino kuchita mita ndi theka.
Zomera zonsezi zimakonda malo otseguka komanso owunikira komanso chinyezi chadothi chokwanira. Blueberry imakonda dothi lonyowa komanso acidic, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti viburnum ndi yolekerera asidi m'nthaka, koma imakonda malo omwe pali chinyezi chambiri.
Konzani dothi kuti libzale pasadakhale, kukumba pa pepani lonse la mafosholo, chotsani namsongole. Ndikofunika kuphatikiza dothi, kuwonjezera 4-5 makilogalamu a manyowa ozungulira bwino ndi 250-300 g wa phulusa la nkhuni (osati chifukwa cha buluu), mutha kuwonjezera supuni ya nitroammophoska pa lalikulu mita. Pansi pa buluku, dothi liyenera kusakanikirana ndi asidi peat m'chigawo chofanana, kapena bwino, kukumba bowo, ndikulunga ndi pulasitiki wokutira kuchokera mkati, mudzaze ndi peat acid ndikubzala chitsamba chamabuliberiya.
Poika mbewu zingapo mwazomerazi, yesani kuziyika kuti mtunda pakati pawo ukhale wofanana ndi mamita awiri, ndipo ngati tchire limamera kwambiri, ndiye kuti atatu (munthawi ya irga ndi 3.5 mamilimita ndiye chizolowezi).
Musana kukumba, konzani dzenje lobzala: thirani dongo kapena njerwa yosweka pakati pake ndi masentimita angapo, ikani mafosholo angapo osakanikirana ndi michere pamwamba, omwe atha kukonzekera mwa kusakaniza makilogalamu 5-6 a nthaka yachonde, makilogalamu 2-3 a humus, 15-20 g ya potaziyamu sulfate ndi 90-100 g wa superphosphate. Kenako tsanulirani dzenje, ndipo lidzakonzeka kubzala zitsamba momwemo. Mwa njira, pokonzekera dzenje lodzala ma curants ofiira, ma kilogalamu angapo amchenga wamtsinje akhoza kuwonjezeredwa ndi osakaniza.
Blueberry chitsamba pambuyo kumuika.
Bowo lokonzeka, tsopano mutha kupitiliza kusuntha chitsamba kupita kwatsopano. Mwa njira, zokhudzana ndi kusamutsidwa: ngati malo omwe mukufuna ndi omaliza ali kutali ndi wina ndi mnzake, ndikofunika kuti musunge ndi tarpaulin kuti chitsamba chizitha kusunthika, osayikoka ndi mphukira, ndikuziyika pachiwopsezo (makamaka pofiyira).
Musana kukumba, pangani gawo lokonzanso pansi: chotsani, ndikudula mphete, mphukira zonse zakale zomwe siziperekanso zipatso, ngati zilipo, zafota, ndikufupikitsanso kukula kwa theka.
Kenako, monga tidalangizira, kukumba chitsamba mozungulira. Ndi currants ndi gooseberries, mutha kupatuka masentimita 30 kuchokera pansi, 20 cm ndi honeysuckle ndi blueberries, pang'ono pang'ono ndi 35 cm ndi guelder-rose. Popeza mutabweza mtunda wofunikira, muyenera kusamala pang'ono ndi pang'ono pang'onopang'ono bayonet fosholo. mutakumba chomera kuchokera mbali zonse ndikuyenda pang'onopang'ono pakati, yesetsani kuchotsa dothi. Ngati mizu ingapo yamphamvu komanso yayitali igwera m'njira, ndiye kuti ndizotheka kudula.
Kumbukirani kuti mbewu zonse zomwe zafotokozedwa zimakhala ndi mphukira zosalimba zomwe zimatuluka mosavuta pamizu, chifukwa pokumba chomera m'nthaka, osakoka mphukira, yesani kutenga mizu ndi fosholo ndikuyikoka kale.
Chitsamba chikangochotsedwa m'nthaka, muyenera kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu, apo ayi mizu ingathe kupukuta. Muyenera kuthira dothi mdzenje lobzala pothira ndowa zitatu kapena zinayi zamadzi ndikukhazikitsa mizu pakudonthekaku kwamankhwala. Tikabzala, timalimbikitsa kwambiri kuyika tchire lolingana ndi mfundo zazikuluzikulu monga momwe zidakulira kale. Izi ndizosavuta kumvetsetsa: mphukira zakumwera nthawi zambiri zimakhala zakuda, ngati kuti ndi tans, ndipo mbali yakumpoto imakhala yopepuka (paler).
Ndikofunika kuyika tchire mu dzenje kuti likhale pakati, kuti mizu imagawanidwanso m the dzikomo, osachulukana, osasweka, ndikuti khosi lamizu limamizidwa munthaka kwa masentimita angapo. Mutabzala, imakhalabe kuti igwirizane ndi dothi, ndikuthira ndi zidebe zamadzi ndi mulch ndi humus wosanjikiza masentimita angapo.
Chitsamba chowolokedwa cha iergiMomwe mungayikirire chitsamba cha mphesa, actinidia, lemongrass ndi mipesa ina
Mphesa ndi mphete ndizofunika kuziika bwino kwambiri mu kugwa. Chizindikiro mpaka kumayambiriro kwa kufalikira nthawi zambiri chimakhala kugwa kwathunthu masamba. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mbewu yatuluka. Chofunikira pano ndikukhala ndi nthawi yosinthira chomera kumalo osachepera sabata kuti isanayambike kuzizira kwambiri, ndipo, kupewa, kuwononga mizu. Ngati nyengo yozizira inali yoyambirira ndipo simunakhale ndi nthawi yonyamula mphesa ndi mipesa, ndiye kuti ndizotheka kudikirira mpaka masika. Chofunikira pano ndikukhala ndi nthawi yoti mumalize kudutsa masiku khumi masamba asanatseguke.
Kubwezeretsa mphesa ndi mipesa, komanso zitsamba zopindika, nthawi zambiri kumayamba ndi kukonza bowo pobzala, ngati dzenje la currants ndi mbewu zofanana ndi izo. Bowo litafika, mutha kuyamba kukonzekera mbewu kuti kukumba. Kuti tichite izi, mipesa ndi mphesa, pafupi masiku atatu musanazungule, kusiya kuthirira, ndiye kuti mphesa zidzafunika kusiya zikwati zingapo ndi mipesa yaying'ono, chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri. Pankhaniyi, mphukira zapamwamba kwambiri zimayenera kudulidwa m'maso awiri kapena atatu, ndipo zigawo zonse ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi var vars. Zitachitika izi, chitsamba cha mphesa chitha kukumbidwa, kuchokeranso pakati pa masentimita 45-55, ndikuchotsa m'nthaka ndi mtundu wokufukula chitsamba chokhotakhota.
Ponena za mipesa, imatha kusiya iwiri - itatu yaying'ono kwambiri mphukira, yomwe ilipo, zina zonse ndizovomerezeka kuchotsa. Kukumba, mutha kuchokapo pakatikati pa mitengo ya mpesa, masentimita 35 mpaka 40, zinthu zina zonse ndizofanana.
M'tsogolomu, mutabzala mphesa ndi mipesa, mutatha kupanga dothi, kuthirira ndi mulching, ndikofunikira kuchotsa maluwa onse poyambira maluwa kuti mbewuzo zikulire bwino malo atsopano. Kwa nyengo yotsatira, ndikofunikira kuchotsa gawo la inflorescences: pafupifupi theka la mphesa, ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu m'mipesa. Musaiwale kupereka mbewu ndi chinyezi chokwanira komanso chakudya panthawi imeneyi.
Chitsamba chaching'ono cha mphesa.
Momwe mungayikitsire chitsamba cha rasipiberi, mabulosi akuda, mabulosi akuda ndi mbewu zofanana
Rasipiberi, mabulosi akutchire ndi mabulosi akutchire amakhala otalikirana bwino ngati atawokedwa mu kugwa. Makamaka kuphukira kwa nyundo kumakhala koyenera kum'mwera ndi pakati pa Russia; kumadera ozizira, ndibwino kuti ndizitha kuziyankhira izi mchaka.
Masamba onse okhala ngati rasipiberi, mabulosi akuda ndi ma hedgehogs ndi mbewu zambiri, kotero malo atsopano ayenera kukhala otseguka komanso owala bwino. Tomato, nkhaka ndi kabichi amatengedwa kuti ndi abwino kwambiri chifukwa cha raspberries, mabulosi akuda ndi ezemalin. Sikoyenera kubzala mbewu pamalo omwe zikhalidwe kuchokera kubanja lomweli zidakulirako: atha kukhala ndi matenda wamba omwe achulukana pazaka zambiri zakulima kwawo.
Nthaka ya rasipiberi ndi mabulosi akuda ziyenera kukonzedwa bwino, kukunidwa ndi pepani yodzaza ndi mafosholo, ndikubweretsa chidebe cha humus kapena manyowa owola bwino, komanso supuni ya nitroammophoska ndi 300 g yamaphulusa pamitengo. Ezemalin imafunikiranso kutchera namsongole mokwanira, makamaka kuchokera kugriga pamalopo.
Kutalika kwa dzenje la raspberries kuyenera kukhala 55-60 masentimita ndi kuya kwa 45-50 cm, chifukwa mabulosi akuda - 40-50 masentimita ndi 30-30 cm mwakuya, chifukwa mabulosi akuda - 3540 cm mulifupi ndi 45-50 cm. pakati pa maenje, poika mbewu zina za rasipiberi, zizikhala zofanana ndi 45-55 cm, mabulosi akuda - 50-60 cm, mabulosi akuda - 55-65 cm.
Ngati mukusankha, ndiye kuti mukusintha, gwiritsani ntchito mbewu zamphamvu kwambiri, zopangidwa bwino ndi mainchesi osachepera sentimita. Ndikofunika kudula mphukira pafupifupi mita kuchokera pamwamba panthaka, ndipo seminal ikhoza kukhala 50 cm.
Mukakumba mbewu, ndikofunikira kupatuka pamtunda wa raspulosi 35-40 cm, mabulosi akutchire 30-30 masentimita, mabulosi akuda 40-45 masentimita. Kenako, kukumba molingana ndi chiwembu chapitacho, koma ndi dengalo limodzi: ngati mizu idabereka mukakumba, ndiye kuti muyenera kumizidwa isanabzalidwe mu oyankhula dongo. Mukabzala, yesetsani kuti isakutse mbewuzo, makamaka mabulosi akuda, ngati khosi lamizu litakulitsidwa mozama, kuchuluka kwa mizu kumapangika, choncho ndibwino kuyika mmera kuti khosi la muzu likhale chimodzimodzi pa mulingo wa dothi. Mutabzala, muyenera kuthirira nthaka ndikuthira ndowa ziwiri za madzi, kenako ndikuthira ndi humus, wosanjikiza masentimita angapo.
Awa ndi misampha yosavuta yosinthira zitsamba kupita kumalo atsopano, mukamagwiritsa ntchito zomwe mungapeze chifukwa chomera chomwe chakhala moyo watsopano, ndikupeza mphamvu komanso kubereka zipatso mwachangu.
Pomaliza, kwenikweni Ndikufuna kunena mawu angapo za sitiroberi. Nthawi zambiri ndimamva funsoli - ndizotheka kuti ndikusintha ma juzi a maluwa pamaluwa. Tikuyankha, ndizotheka kuchita izi, koma choyamba ndikofunikira kudula maluwa onse kuti mutathira chomera chimapatsa mphamvu kubwezeretsa gawo lomwe latayika muzu ndipo osataya mphamvu pakulengedwa.
Ngati muli ndi mafunso, tidzakhala okondwa kuyankha iwo mu ndemanga.
