Munthu akhoza kumva nkhani zambiri zabwino zokhuza siderat kuchokera kwa wamaluwa ndi okonda mbewu. Zomera izi zimakula mwachangu ndipo zimagwira ngati feteleza wabwino wobiriwira, wofunikira kwambiri m'dera lililonse lokhalamo anthu. Ntchito yayikulu ndi kuthekera kwa manyowa obiriwira ndikobwezeretsa chonde ndikukonzanso nthaka. Mothandizidwa ndi mbewu zobiriwira, dothi losauka kwambiri komanso losasamalidwa kwambiri lingasandutsidwe labwino ndi lachonde m'nthawi yochepa.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito siderata
Kubzala mbewu - siderat zitha kuchitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana: pamodzi ndi masamba azamasamba kapena pakati pa malo awo obzala (kale kapena pambuyo pake). Siderata yofesedwa kumayambiriro kwa kasupe kapena kugwa koyambirira.
Mwachitsanzo, pamunda wamtsogolo wamasamba (wokulima kabichi, zukini, nkhaka), mbewu zobiriwira zingabzalidwe kale kumayambiriro kwa kasupe. Kupatula apo, dziko lonse lidzakhala lopanda kanthu mpaka kumapeto kwa nyengo ya masika, chifukwa masamba okonda masamba awa sanalimidwe poyera pamaso pa Meyi.
Chisanu chikangosungunuka pamalowo, mutha kubzala nthawi yomweyo mpiru kapena makina amadzi. Izi zophimba mbewu m'nthawi yochepa zimapanga unyinji wobiriwira, womwe mutatulira ndikothandiza ngati mulch kapena feteleza wachilengedwe.
Muzu wa mbewu uyenera kusiya pansi. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe tili m'nthaka tidzayamba kusandutsa zinyalala za mbewu kukhala zinthu zofunikira m'nthaka ndi mbewu. Mutha kuwathandiza kufulumizitsa njirayi ndi mankhwala okhala ndi tizilombo tothandiza.
Ndikofunika kuti muyambe kubzala masamba pabedi pokhapokha masiku 15 mpaka 20 mutatchela masamba obiriwira.
M'pofunika kukonzanso dothi pamabedi kuti muthe kucha kucha masamba (mwachitsanzo, masamba a radish kapena letesi) mukakolola komaliza (koyambirira koyambirira). Siderata pamwezi - umodzi ndi theka nyengo yozizira isanakhale ndi nthawi yokwanira masentimita 40 obiriwira misa komanso oposa masentimita 30 a gawo. Kubwera kwa chisanu choyamba, unyinji wobiriwira wa siderates umamwalira ndipo ntchito yogwira ntchito ya mawife, mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timayamba. Nthawi yonse yozizira, kumapangidwanso pang'onopang'ono ndikusintha kwa nthaka. Pofika kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, nthaka iyi idzakhala yokonzekera bwino kubzala masamba.
Malamulo Othandizira Kupambana
- Kufesa mbewu zobiriwira kumachitika kokha mu nthaka yothira bwino komanso lotayirira.
- Nthawi yamere mbewu zimatha kuchepetsedwa ngati muzibzyala pang'ono mukadzala, kuti athe kulumikizana ndi dothi.
- Zowonongeka zazikulu pamabedi omwe ali ndi siderat zomera zimayambitsa mbalame. Amatha kusangalala ndi nthangala zomwe zili pamwamba pa mabedi kenako kuyesetsa kwanu konse kungakhale kopanda pake. Mutha kuteteza mbewu kuti zisasokonekere pogwiritsa ntchito chowopsa.
- Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mbeu zakunyumba zomwe zimachokera kubanja lomwelo monga masamba omwe amafunika kubzala. Ubale woterewu umatanthawuza chakudya chofanana cha dothi komanso matenda ena opatsirana.
- Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuphwanya umphumphu wa dothi pakama ndi manyowa obiriwira pakukumba, makamaka makamaka ndi unyinji wobiriwira. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tonse tomwe timakumba tikuwonongeka, ndipo zosintha zoyipa zimachitika tikamapangidwa dothi. Gawo lobiriwira la mbeu liyenera kutchetchera kapena kudulidwa ndikugwiritsira ntchito zina mulch kapena zowonjezera zina.
- Ngati siderata ya kasupe yobzala isadulidwe maluwa asanayambe, ndiye kuti zimayambira zimakhazikika, zomwe zimachedwetsa kuchepa kwa mawonekedwe ake. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti udzu wobiriwira usokolane usanayambe maluwa.
Zothandiza zimatha siderates
Kodi kupatukana kumakhala kopindulitsa kwambiri kuposa feteleza wamba amamineral? Kodi nkoyenera kuwakhazikitsa, kuwononga nthawi ndi kuyesetsa kuwasamalira? Tiyeni tiwone zomwe phindu la mbewu - siderates ndi maubwino ake.
Ngati mutayang'anitsitsa moyo wazomera zakutchire, mudzazindikira zambiri zosangalatsa komanso zopindulitsa. Kwa makumi ndi mazana a zaka, mbewu zomwe zimamera ndikukula, ndiye kuti zimataya masamba kapena kufa kwathunthu, m'nthaka pali njira yowola. M'tsogolomu, dothi ili limakhala chakudya chabwino cha m'badwo wotsatira wamera. Imapereka zonse zofunikira ndipo imakhala yachonde pachokha.
Izi zimachitika ku mibadwomibadwo. Wosanjikiza wachilengedwe wachilengedwe amaphunzitsa kupanga chilengedwe palokha, popanda kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza osiyanasiyana ndi kukumba. Oimira nthumwi amadzisamalira.
Mukamatsatira malamulo onse osiyanitsidwa, dothi losauka kwambiri komanso lopanda kanthu lidzakhala "lamoyo" ndikupereka zonse zofunikira pazomera zomwe zikupezeka pamenepo.
- Siderata ndi mwayi wosamala bwino m'nthaka pazinthu zonse zofunikira: nayitrogeni, potaziyamu, calcium, phosphorous ndi mankhwala okhala ndi organic.
- Nthaka sikhala yopanda chonde popanda zophukira, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Zomera za Sideral zimathandizira maonekedwe awo ndikupanga malo abwino kwambiri okhala.
- Ubwino wopambana wa feteleza wobiriwirawa ndikuti amachotsa mabedi onse a namsongole. Kapeti wopangidwa kuchokera kumunyolo wobiriwira ndi wandiweyani kwambiri kotero kuti palibe njira yophukira ngakhale udzu wochepa wa udzu.
- Mizu ya manyowa obiriwira adapangidwa kuti azioneka ngati akukoka michere yonse kuzama kupita panthaka. Pankhaniyi, dothi limamasuka, limakhala ndi acidity yachilengedwe, komanso mwayi wopanga chinyezi ndi mpweya.
- Zomera - siderati samalola kuti chinyontho chisenthe kuchokera m'nthaka komanso osalola kuti nthaka itenthedwe. Kapeti wobiriwira wobiriwira ndi mtundu wa zoteteza.
- Siderata, yofesedwa nthawi yophukira, imateteza dothi pamalopo pakugwa mvula yambiri ndi mphepo yamphamvu, sichingalole kuti izizizire kwambiri komanso isunge chipale chofunda mpaka kumapeto kwa mvula.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito mitengo yokhazikika ya masamba ndi manyowa obiriwira, mutha kuteteza mbewu ku tizirombo ndi matenda.
Ambiri siderates
Monga siderates, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nthumwi zambiri za maluwa. Sitha kukhala zamasamba ndi mbewu zokha, komanso mitundu ingapo ya maluwa ndi namsongole.
- Kuchokera ku banja lopachikidwa - radish, mpiru, kugwiriridwa.
- Kuchokera ku banja la a legume - soya, nyemba, mphodza, nandolo, clover, nyemba, anapiye.
- Kuchokera ku banja la chimanga - tirigu, rye, barele.
Adzitsimikizira ngati mbewu zapambuyo ngati calendula, mpendadzuwa, nettle, amaranth, buckwheat, phacelia ndi nasturtium.
