Kwa nthawi yoyamba, gooseberries amadula mutabzala mmera: nthambi zonse zimafupikitsidwa, osasiya masamba asanu. Palibe chifukwa choopera, chaka chamawa chomera chimathamangitsa achinyamata mphukira zambiri - gooseberries ndiye woyamba pakati pa zipatso. Apa ndipomwe ndikofunikira kuti zisasweke, koma kuti asamalire mawonekedwe achitsamba.
Munkhaniyi tikambirana za momwe zingakhalire bwino kuyesa mabulosi am'madzi, njira yanji yopangira komanso momwe angapangire ngati mabulosi omwe ali kale ndi odzoza.
Kodi kudula gooseberries
Nthawi yabwino "kutchetcha" zipatso ndi mabulosi kumayambiriro kwa masika, kusuntha kwa timadziti ndi kutulutsa masamba kutayamba.
Komabe, ziyenera kudziwika kuti gooseberries amadzuka kale kwambiri kuposa ena. Chophimba cha chipale chofewa sichikhala ndi nthawi yosungunuka kwathunthu, ndipo masamba pachitsamba adayamba kale kukhala ndi moyo. Koma sikuti aliyense wokhala mmalimwe amatha kulowa m'munda wake chisanu. M'mwezi wa Epulo, tikayamba nyengo yachilimwe, tchire la jamu lidakutidwa kale ndi masamba. Ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti nthawi yokonza yatayika, tsopano mbewuyo singapindule nayo.
Njira yokhayo ndikukhazikitsa tchire mu nthawi yomwe masamba agwa. Chofunikira kwambiri musaiwale kuti nthambi zimafunika kudula nthambi yamkati (yomwe imayang'ana mkati mwa chitsamba) - izi zimathandizira kukakamiza kwa mphukira zazing'ono.
Njira zopangira chitsamba cha jamu
Kuti musankhe nthambi zoyenera kudulira, muyenera kusankha njira yopangira chitsamba. Mtundu wabwinobwino wamtchire ndi chitsamba chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zipatso, koma kulakalaka ndi kulimbikira kumakuthandizani kukulitsa izi pa trellis - - gwiritsani ntchito njira yodulira. Ndipo mutha kupanga chomera mumtengo wofalikira (njira yokhazikika).
Ndipo, malinga ndi odziwa bwino ntchito zamaluwa, zipatso za gooseberries zimapereka zokolola zazikulu kwambiri. Ngakhale mtundu wamba umawoneka bwino komanso umakhala ndi malo ochepa, ndipo trellis ndiwosavuta mukamakolola. Chifukwa chake, sankhani inu!
Gooseberry Gooseberry
Poterepa, tchire la jamu limamera ngati mtengo wang'ono. Kodi kukula bwanji? Palibe zovuta zapadera pakapangidwe ka njira yokhazikika.
Choyamba, sankhani nthambi yolimba kwambiri yomwe imakula. Adzatenga gawo la "mtengo" wamtsogolo. Mphukira zina zimadulidwa kumunsi.
Kenako tsimikizani kutalika kwa tsinde. Chosavuta komanso chodziwika bwino ndi kutalika kwa mita. Chifukwa chake, njira zonse zamtsogolo zimadulidwatu kwathunthu kufikira momwe mungafunire. Pofuna kuti tisadzabwerezenso mtsogolomo, ndikofunikira kuti muziika chubu chautali wa 1.1 m (chomwe sichilola kuwala kwa dzuwa), ndikutsitsa masentimita 10 ena mu nthaka. Pambuyo pake, gooseberries amalimbitsidwa ndi msomali kuti mtengowo usaswe.
Chaka chotsatira komanso kupitirira apo, amadulidwa malinga ndi pulani yakaleyo: nthambi zinayi kapena zisanu za chaka chino zatsala, ndipo zomaliza zimachepetsedwa ndi theka. Kuphatikiza pa iwo, mphukira yomwe imatsogozedwa kupita pansi, yophwanyika ndipo omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 7 amachotsedwa. Njira zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa pamunsi zimadulidwa kwathunthu ndipo nthawi yomweyo, mwina amatenga micherezo pamtengo.
Fomu ya sitampu ili ndi mbali zabwino komanso zoipa. Ma pluses ndikuti mtengo wotsogolera umasunga malo, ndipo ndikofunikira pamasamba ang'onoang'ono. Pa tsinde, zipatsozo zimayatsidwa bwino ndi timiyala, zimacha mwachangu ndipo sizovuta kutola.
Ndipo zatsika zili motere. Choyamba: Zakuumba zofunikira zimafuna mitundu yosagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu, chifukwa mtengo wamtali ndiwovuta kuvomereza nthawi yozizira kuposa chitsamba wamba pafupi ndi nthaka. Kuphatikiza apo, kumadera akumpoto, mmera umafunikiranso kuphimbidwa. Chachiwiri: timagwiritsa ntchito nthambi imodzi yokha ngati thunthu, ndipo ikayamba kukalamba. Chifukwa chake, kutalika kwa moyo wa mtengo wa jamu ndi wazaka zoposa 10-12 ndi chisamaliro chabwino.
Gooseberry trellis
Nthawi zambiri, mitundu yamphamvu imakhala pamiyala, ndikupanga mphukira zambiri.
Dzinalo lokha likuwonetsa kuti munthawi imeneyi muyenera kugwira ntchito osati kukonza, komanso kupanga trellis. Mbewu za goose zibzalidwe ndi mainchesi 50cm pakati pa mbande ndi mita ndi theka - pakati pa mizere. Mu mzere uliwonse pamalilidwe ofanana kukumba mathandizi (mitengo, nthambi zotere, mapaipi otsika). Pakati pawo tengani waya kapena ulusi wopanga m'mizere itatu. Kutalika kwawo: mita 1, 80 ndi 50 sentimita kuchokera pansi. Mphukira za chomerazo zimamangiriridwa pano, kusunga mtunda wa 15-25 masentimita pakati pawo - koma osapitirira nthambi zitatu kapena zisanu zolimba za chitsamba. Njira zina, kuphatikizapo zapamwamba, zimadulidwa zikamakula.
Kuchepetsa kotsatana ndi njira ya trellis ndi kofanana ndi koyambirira: mphukira za chaka chatha zimachepetsedwa ndi wachitatu kapena theka, zimamangidwa ndi nthambi za 3-5 za chaka chino, zimayang'aniridwa kuti pasakhale kukula. Nthawi ndi nthawi mumachitanso zinthu zina zokonzanso - isanachitike, mphukira zingapo zamphamvu zimasiyanitsidwa, ndipo ena onse amachotsedwa kwathunthu.
Kodi maubwino a mapangidwe a zipatso za trellis ndi chiyani? Loyamba lomwe ndikuti mbewu ya "trellis" ndiyosavuta kuwombera, ndipo zipatso zake sizidzapakidwa. Tikubwerezanso: nthambi zomangidwa zimawunikiridwa bwino ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, komwe kumapereka kuchuluka kwakukulu ndi zipatso. Zochulukitsa za trellis mwina ndizimodzi zokha, ndipo ngakhale zazing'ono - zovuta zolimbitsa thupi poyamba.
Njira yapamwamba kwambiri yopangira jamu
Njira yodulira yapamwamba imasiya chitsamba cha jamu ngati chitsamba wamba, koma chimachotsa zonse zosafunikira.
M'chaka choyamba, nthambi zonse zazing'ono zimafupikitsidwa ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu, ndikusiya masamba 4-5 aliyense. Ganizirani mofatsa masamba oyambira. Atatu kapena anayi amphamvu, akukula kumanja kupita kumanzere, ena onse amachotsedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, mphukira zimadulidwa, zimayendetsedwa pansi kapena mkati mwa chitsamba, chosweka, odwala, opuwala, ofooka, atatsamira pamtunda - sangapereke zipatso, ndipo michere imadziyambira yokha.
M'chaka chachiwiri, kukula kwachinyamata kumachepetsedwa ndi wachitatu, ndipo njira zoyambira zimadulidwa, ndikusiya olimba kwambiri a 6-8.
Chaka chamawa, tchire liyamba kubereka zipatso ndipo lidzakhala ndi nthambi 12 mpaka 12 zosiyanasiyana. Njira yodulira imakhalabe yofanana: timachotsa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu kutalika kwake mphukira za chaka chino ndipo pakukula kwazomera timasiya mphukira 3-4 kuchokera kumzimbe wamphamvu.
Ali ndi zaka 5-7 - panthawiyi jamu ali pachimake pakupanga zipatso - mbewuyo imayenera kukhala ndi mphukira 18-20 za mibadwo yosiyana.
Kuyambira pano, chaka chilichonse masamba atagwa, muyenera kudula nthambi zakale zonse, zomwe zimakhala zopitilira zaka zisanu mpaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Ndiosavuta kuwasiyanitsa ndi achichepere - ali ndi mthunzi wakuda wamakungwa. Mapangidwe ena onse akapangidwe amakhalabe yemweyo.
Kudulira pachaka komanso kuchotsa kwa mphukira zakale kumathandizira tchire lanu la jamu kuti mukhalebe achinyamata ndikukusangalatsani ndi mbewu yayikulu komanso yayikulu. Koma chochita ngati tchire m'munda mwanu ndi wothinitsidwa, koma akadali aang'ono kuti awalowetse mu ntchito? Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kudulira koyipa kwa kukalamba! Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kudula pafupifupi 70% ya mphukira mpaka pansi, kungosiya olimba kwambiri, kapena kudula chitsamba chonse, osafikira masentimita khumi ndi asanu mpaka nthaka, kuti mulimbikitse kukula kwa mphukira zazing'ono.
