Pamene Mandeville wokongola amatchedwa mfumukazi ya mipesa yamkati, palibe funso kuti kukokomeza kulikonse. Chomera ichi, chomwe ngakhale masiku ano chimagawidwa pansi pa dzina lakale ladzikoli, chikufanana ndi clematis wamunda. Maluwa owala chimodzimodzi, okhala ndi mawonekedwe ochulukirapo, kukongola kwa masamba ake komanso kusinthasintha kwa mphukira kumapangitsa Mandeville kugunda miyeso yatsopano. Simungakhale opanda chidwi ndi kukongola. Maluwa akulu ndi owala, ngakhale ali ndi mawonekedwe osavuta, amaphimba mosavuta omwe ali kunja, ndipo chisomo chachilendo chimapambana ngakhale m'mikhalidwe yochepetsetsa kwambiri. Udzu wokhala ngati chomera chokhacho chimangolimbitsa kusamalira chisamaliro: Kukula mosavomerezeka mandeville sikophweka, koma sungapeze wofanana nayo.
Mandeville Sanderi
Mfumukazi Yabwino Ya Pylons
Mandeville - imodzi yamipesa yokongola kwambiri yamkati. Zomera, m'gululi zomwe poyamba zinali ndi chisokonezo, zimadziwikidwabe kwa olima maluwa pansi pa mayina awiri - dipladeniya (diplandenia) ndi mandeville (mandevilla) Kubalalako kumalongosoledwa motere: ngakhale panthawi yomwe idapezeka, mitundu ina idapatsidwa dzina laukadaulo, ndipo zokongola zina zaku South America zidapatsidwa dzina la mandeville. Pambuyo pokambirana kwazaka khumi, asayansi adazindikira kuti mbewu ziyenera kuphatikizidwa mu mtundu umodzi. Koma lingaliro losasangalatsa silinakhale lalitali kotero kuti masiku ano mayina onsewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mofananamo. Ngakhale, malinga ndi sayansi, ndi Mandeville yomwe ndi "yovomerezeka".
Mandeville (Mandevilla), kapena diplladies - mtundu wamitundu yokwera maluwa a banja la Kutrovy (Apocynaceae) Mitundu yamtunduwu imakhudza Central ndi South America.
Mandeville omwe akukula msanga ndi zikhalidwe zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa kuti clematis m'nyumba. Ndipo ali ofanana kwenikweni ndi nyenyezi zammunda zomwe zili mtundu wa mphukira komanso kukongola kwawo kwakunja. Kukongola, kukongola ndi kukongola kwa Mandeville kumawonjezeredwa ndi zosavuta koma zomveka bwino.
Zitsamba zobiriwira nthawi zonse komanso zitsamba zokhala ndi kukwera kosangalatsa zimasangalatsa ndi kusinthasintha komanso kukongola. Kutalika, mandeville amafikira 1 mpaka 3 mita, pomwe magawo a mbewu nthawi zonse amatengera njira ya garter ndi mtundu wa chithandizo. Onse mandeville amakula msanga, mphukira zawo, kutalika kuyambira 1 m kutalika, yosalala komanso yochepa thupi. Masamba a mandeville ndi ooneka bwino, obiriwira akuda, mpaka 9cm kutalika, okhala ndi mawonekedwe okongola, ovoid okhala ndi mawonekedwe. Maluwa a Liana ndiachulukidwe. Chojambulidwa ndi phula, chokhala "chopindika" pang'ono ngati kabowoleza ka miyendo isanu, maluwawo amafikira kutalika kwa masentimita 10-12 ndipo amawonekera osati kukongola kwawo komanso kukopa kwawo, komanso fungo lawo labwino. Phale la utoto wa ku Mandeville limaphatikizapo zoyera, zapinki ndi zowoneka bwino, kuchokera pa pastel ndi kuwala kupita kowala bwino, koma matani oyera nthawi zonse. Kunja kwa chubu kumunsi kwa duwa kumakhala loyera.
Mandeville lotayirira (Mandevilla laxa).
Chimodzi mwazomera zodziwika bwino kwambiri m'nyumba - mandeville omasuka (mandevilla laxa), yomwe imadziwika padziko lonse lapansi pansi pa dzina la basamu waku Brazil kapena jasmine waku Chile. Ndiwokwera kumene kuchokera ku mtundu waku South America. Mitundu imakula msanga, mphukira ndi zoonda komanso zosinthika, masamba ake ndi osalala, obiriwira amdima, odzaza ndi utoto, kumbuyo kwa imvi kapena utoto wofiirira. Koma kukongoletsa kwakukulu kwa mtengowo ndi maluwa ooneka ngati maluŵa otseguka kuyambira June mpaka Ogasiti okhala ndi malo ochepa achikasu kummero, m'malire am'mphepete komanso m'mimba mwake mpaka 10 cm .Mandeville iyi ndi onunkhira, yokongola kwambiri komanso yokongola, mawonekedwe ake amawoneka apamwamba komanso abwino.
Wodziwika bwino monga diplomacy (dipladenia), koma atasamutsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali ndi asayansi kupita ku mtundu wa Mandeville, maluwa owala bwino Mandeville Sander (mandevilla sanderi) wogonjetsa ndi chisomo. Uwu ndi mtengo wa mpesa womwe umasinthasintha kwambiri, mphukira zowonda, zomwe sizimapangidwa bwino kwambiri, masamba owala mpaka 5cm kutalika ndi translucent, yowunikira padzuwa, pamakhala maluwa akuluakulu. Maluwa okongola amatengedwa m'mabisiketi a inflorescence-ma 3-5 pcs, pamunsi pamalowo amapentedwa ndi pinki yotentha, ndi pharynx yachikasu. Pawiri, amafika masentimita 7. Chomera ichi chili ndi mitundu yayikulu, yomwe awiri okha ndi omwe adakhala apamwamba - "Rubinian" wokhala ndi maluwa owala a pinki "Mdima" wokhala ndi ofiira. Koma ngakhale atakhala ndi mtundu wotani, Mandeville Sander amadziwika mosavuta ndi pharynx wachikasu wamkulu. Kukongola kumeneku kumamasika kuyambira Meyi mpaka Okutobala.
Mandeville waluso (Mandevilla ukuwala).
Mandeville wanzeru (mandevilla amakula) ili ndi dzina lake osati lalikulu, mpaka 20 cm masentimita atali opindika komanso osanjika ndi mtima, osatulutsa msempha komanso mawonekedwe owala. Kupatula apo, liana ili limatulutsa maluwa modabwitsa. Atakutana ndi mabulosi a maluwa 5-6, iwo amabisala chomera pansi pawo. Pokhala ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 10 cm, maluwa owoneka ngati mabowo amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu woyera wakunja, wowala, wam'mero wambiri wokhala ndi kamvekedwe kake komanso kusintha kwa madzi pamatumba.
Zochepa mandeville bolivian (mandevilla boliviensis) Ndizofanana ndi mtundu wa mphukira ndi masamba kupita ku Mandeville Sander, koma maluwa a mtengowo amapentedwa mwayokha. Podutsa, amafika masentimita 5 okha, owoneka ndi maso achikasu. Masamba pafupifupi 6-7 cm m'litali mwake ndi amtambo, otalika kwambiri komanso "owongoka" kuposa mitundu ina.
Mandeville Bolivian (Mandevilla boliviensis).
Zabwino kwambiri ku Mandeville (mandevilla eximia- - Liana wobiriwira nthawi zonse wokhala ndi mphukira wofiyira, wopaka mozungulira, wokhala ndi masamba okongola autali mpaka 4 cm. Mtengowo umakhala ndi maluwa owala osakanizidwa mu burashi mpaka zidutswa 8 ndi chubu chopepuka, mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 5-6 m'litali ndi m'lifupi.
Zowunikira mandeville kunyumba
Zokwera mkati zam'makomozi zimakonda malo owala. Ngakhale kukongola kwa masambawo, sikuti amawopa kuyang'ana mozungulira ndipo akumva bwino m'malo owala ndi dzuwa (kupatula Mandeville Sander, amene akuwopa kuwala kwa dzuwa). Zowona, pali chosiyana ndi ichi: akaikidwa pazenera lakumwera m'chilimwe, mautsi amasana a tsiku sangalandire chidwi kwa wopanga miyala wokonda dzuwa. Ngakhale mthunzi wowala pang'ono ungayambitse kuti Mandeville sidzaphuka kapena kutulutsa maluwa pang'ono.
Kutentha kosangalatsa
Panyengo yonse yogwira ntchito, mandeville amakonda kutentha komanso kutentha. Zisonyezero pafupifupi madigiri 25 zimawonetsedwa ngati kutentha kwabwino pazomwe mpesa uwu, koma nthawi zambiri mmera umamverera bwino pakutentha kwa madigiri 21 kapena kupitilira apo.
Njira yozizira nyengo ya mandeville ndiyofunikira kwambiri. Zowonadi, popanda kutentha kozizira nyengo yotsika, chomera sichimaphuka kwambiri nyengo yotsatira. Koma si onse mandeville amakonda amphamvu ozizira chimodzimodzi. Ku Mandeville lotayirira kumafunika kuzizira nyengo yozizira kwambiri kuyambira madigiri 5 mpaka 10 Celsius. Koma Mandeville Sander ali wokhutira ndi kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono mpaka madigiri 15-18 (monga mitundu ina yonse).
Mandeville Bolivian.
Mandevillas amakonda kupatula chilimwe kunja. Pamtunda, khonde, m'mundamo, limaphuka mochuluka kwambiri komanso mokongola. Koma kwa chomera, ndikofunikira kusankha malo otetezedwa kwambiri omwe samachotsa zolemba zochepa komanso kuteteza chomera ku mvula.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Munthawi yakukula mwachangu ndi maluwa, Mandeville amafunika kuthirira ochuluka. Kupitilira muyeso, kusunthika kwamadzi kumapewetsedwa bwino, koma gawo lapansi liyenera kuti liume kokha kumtunda. Pamaso pa nyengo yachisanu yozizira, mmera uyenera kusinthidwa pang'onopang'ono mpaka kuthirira pang'ono. Kuti muchite izi, kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala, ndikofunikira kuti pang'onopang'ono machitidwe azikhala osowa komanso osowa, kuti mbewuyo ikhale yokonzekera nthawi yachisanu kuti oma kaye kaye kaye pansi.
Kutsirira kwa nyengo yozizira ku Mandeville kuli ngati pulogalamu ya chisamaliro cham'minda yosungiramo maluwa yopangira nyengo m'malo mwake: gawo lapansi liyenera kukhala louma kuyambira pomwe masamba limatsikira mpaka pakuyamba kukula. Kuchepetsa kumachitika pambuyo pang'onopang'ono kuchepa. M'pofunika kusinthiratu kuthirira madziwo atatha kupukuta, mtengowo ukayamba kupukutira masamba ophuka.
Kwa mandeville, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofewa, osakhazikika ndikuwunika kutentha kwake: liana samakumana bwino ndi kuthirira ndi madzi ozizira komanso ofunda. Kutentha kwamadzi kuyenera kufanana kutentha kwa mpweya kuzungulira chomera. Njira iliyonse ya 5-6 ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito madzi acidified (mbewu zingapo za citric acid pa 1 lita imodzi ndikokwanira).
Kupatula, mandeville amakonda chinyezi chambiri. Mitengoyi imalola kugwiritsa ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, koma sikukana kukhazikitsa zida zapadera zonyowa. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa makamaka kuyenera kuchitidwa nthawi yozizira ngati kutentha kwa mpweya kumasuka pang'ono pang'ono pamalingaliro omwe akulimbikitsidwa pakuwotha.
Mandeville ikhoza kupezeka pansi pa mawu ofanana - mtundu.
Feteleza wa mandeville kunyumba
Kuti ikule msanga, kumasulidwa kwa masamba obiriwira komanso maluwa ambiri, mandeville adzafunika kuvala kwambiri komanso kuvala pafupipafupi. Ndikwabwino kuzichita masabata onse awiri, popanda kuchepetsa feteleza. Zothandiza kwa akazi okongola, zosakaniza zamaluwa zamkati ndizoyenera. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumayimitsidwa mu Okutobala ndipo sikumayambiranso mpaka pakati pa Okutobala.
Trimming Mandeville ndi Chithandizo cha Zomera
Ndizosatheka kukula Mandeville osati pachithandizo mchipinda. Chomera chimafunikira garter, kukonza ndi kuwongolera. Ndioyenereradi zogwirizira za trellis, zomata zamatabwa, maziko opezeka bwino. Mphukira za Mandeville ndizosavuta kuwongolera. Mphukira zimamangidwa pomwe nthambi zimakula, zimakulira, kuzimangiriza pang'ono pang'ono kuti zithandizire ndi twine wofewa kapena sis (zida zina zachilengedwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito).
Kudulira kwa mbewu kumachitika isanafike nthawi yotsala. Mtengo ukayamba kugaya masamba pang'ono, pang'ono kumapeto kwa Okutobala kapena khumi oyamba a Novembala, mphukira iliyonse imadulidwa ndi 2/3 ya nthambi (chifukwa cha mphukira zofunikira, ndikofunikira kuwerengera osati dothi, koma kuchokera ku nthambi pamtengo. Popanda kudulira, kukongola kumeneku sikudzaphuka: ngati mipesa yambiri, mandeville imangotulutsa maluwa kokha pazomera zazing'ono za chaka chamawa.
Mandeville ometa tsitsi (Mandevilla hirsuta).
Thirani ndi gawo lapansi
Mpesa wokongola wamkati umayalidwa kumayambiriro kwa gawo loyambanso kukula, mutangokhala ndi zidziwitso kuti chomera chikuchoka. Mwachikhalidwe, kufalikira kumagwa mu February kapena March. Kusintha kwa zotengera ngakhale kwa akulu manneville kumachitika chaka ndi chaka (pokhapokha ngati mbewuyo ndi yayikulu, ndizovuta kuzichita popanda kuvulala, kupatsirana kumachitika momwe mbewu imafunira, kawiri kapena katatu). Madzi amphamvu, osachepera ma sentimita asanu amayikidwa pansi pazotengera.
Kwa mandeville amitundu yonse, ndikofunikira kwambiri kusankha zosakaniza zathanzi zapansi ndi mawonekedwe otayirira. Magawo okhala okonzeka kale ndi acidic anachita kapena osakanikirana magawo awiri a turfy, dongo loumbidwa ndi mchenga, dothi la pepala, humus wotengedwa mu gawo limodzi adzachita. Kwa chomera, ndikofunikira kuthira manyowa gawo limodzi, chifukwa mandeville imakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndi tizirombo.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Mandeville imakhala pachiwopsezo cha tizirombo tina tonse tomwe timakonda mpweya wouma. Ma spider nthata, tizilombo tambiri, nsabwe za m'masamba, zandomera pachomera zimafalikira mwachangu kwambiri. Koma ngati musamalira bwino mpesa uwu ndikukhala ndi chinyezi chambiri, mutha kuteteza mbewuzo ku tizilombo toononga. Izi ndizokongola kwambiri zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi mizodi ndi ma mebubugs. Madzi am'madzi, mpweya wosasunthika ungapangitse zowola.
Mavuto wamba pakukula mandeville kunyumba:
- masamba opindika mu mpweya wouma;
- chikasu ndi kugwa masamba m'malo ozizira kapena kutentha kwambiri;
- kudula masamba, kuchepa kwamaluwa, maluwa amatuluka moyera;
- kutsika kwamaluwa ndi masamba obowola kumawopseza mandeville mu mpweya wouma;
- Kukula pang'onopang'ono nthawi zonse kumalumikizidwa ndi kuperewera kwa zakudya.
Mwa mayina odziwika bwino pachomera pali basamu waku Brazil, jasmine waku Brazil, jasmine waku Chile, Bolivian rose, mtengo wachikondi waku Mexico.
Kufalitsa kwa Mandeville
Mpesa wokongola wamkati umakula mosavuta, ngakhale mbewu zazing'ono zikafuna chisamaliro mosamalitsa. Kusankha kosavuta ndikudula ang'ono ang'ono odulidwa kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena nthawi yachilimwe. Nthambi za mphukira mpaka 10cm zimatalika mu peat, pansi pa kapu komanso kutentha 25 digiri Celsius. Popeza kuzika kwamizu kumatenga mwezi wopitilira, muyenera kumalimbitsa gawo lapansi ndikulowetsanso filimuyo, ndikuchichotsa konse kumayambira koyamba ka mizu. Ndikothekanso kubzala zodula muzotengera kokha miyezi itatu mutayamba kuzika kwa mizu. Mpesa uliwonse wachinyamata umafunika kubzalidwe yaying'ono, mpaka 7 cm mulifupi.
Mandeville Sander samangodzala ndi apical, koma kudula tsinde, pomwe masamba 1 okha amatsalira.
Mutha kufalitsa mandeville ndi mbewu, koma sizipezeka kawirikawiri pamsika ndipo mbande zimafunikira kubzala kwa zaka zambiri mosamala kwambiri komanso mosamala.
