Gaylardia - daisy wokongola

Gailardia ndi mbewu yodabwitsa. Maluwa ake akuluakulu m'malo mwake ali ndi mitundu yakuya, yayitali, yowala ndipo kwa nthawi yayitali amasangalala ndi kukongola kwawo pakona iliyonse yamaluwa.

Woimira bwino wa banja la a Astrov (Asteraceae- - Gaylardia (Gaillardia) ndi wachibale wa chrysanthemum, aster, mpendadzuwa, dahlia, zinnia, gerbera, marigold komanso artichoke. M'malo mwake, banja ili limaphatikizapo zoposa gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi azomera zonse zomwe zilipo padziko lapansi.

Mtengowo umapanga chitsamba chokulira ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 45-70. Masamba oyambira a lanceolate amapangidwa ndi rosette yaying'ono. Zoyambira zokhota zimakhala ndi masamba komanso nthambi kwambiri. Pedunances okha ndiwotalikirapo komanso osinthika kwambiri. An inflorescence ndi dengu kuchokera masentimita 8 mpaka 10.

Dzinalo Lachilatini la duwa limachokera kwa dzina la m'modzi wotchuka wa botany - bambo wina wachifalansa dzina lake Gaillard de Bondarua, yemwe adakhala m'zaka za XVII.

Amagwiritsa ntchito gaillardia pobzala m'mabedi osakanika a maluwa, maluwa, m'malire, mapiri a kumapiri, kuchotsera, kwa malo obzala, nthawi zambiri motsutsana ndi maziko a zitsamba. Zimayenda bwino ndi ma daisies wamba, nivyanik, katsitsumzukwa ndi perennials zina. Siothandizanso kwambiri popanga zotengera komanso maluwa. Gailardia inflorescence amadulidwa bwino.

Zabwino kwambiri gaylardia osatha, tsopano adayikidwa ngati hybrid gailardia (Gailardia hybrida). Maluwa a reed kuchokera ku lalanje-wachikaso mpaka matani ofiira, okhala ndi mabasiketi ochepa kapena opindika mpaka mainchesi 10. Zomwe zilili zamtunduwu sizidziwika bwinobwino. Amakhulupirira kuti idachokera kukuwoloka kwa spinosa gailardia (Gailardia aristata) ndi mitundu ina, yomwe kwawo ndi mapiri ndi malo okumbukira kumadzulo kwa USA.

Gaillardia spinosa - Kukula kwamuyaya ndi tchire mpaka masentimita 70 kutalika ndi mabasiketi akulu a maluwa, toni ziwiri - ofiira kapena achikasu - ofiira, achikaso, malalanje pamitengo yowongoka. Limamasula kuyambira June mpaka Sepemba. Kudula mpaka muzu pambuyo pa maluwa oyamba kumafikitsa moyo wa mbewuyo. Kugwiritsa ntchito kuchotsera komanso makamaka kudula.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, obereketsa alandila mitundu ingapo yamaluwa a chilimwe ndi yophukira. Mitundu yotsimikizidwa makamaka ya Gaylardia spinosa:

• Bremen - wokhala ndi utoto wofiirira wakuda,
• Kumachotsa - ndi vinyo wofiira,
• Tokyer - ndi lalanje wamoto, inflorescence yayikulu,
• Tommy - ndi mtundu wa lalanje,
• Kobold - ndi inflorescence yachikasu yokhala ndi malangizo ofiira.
• Zogawidwa mitundu mitundu Goblin - mpaka 30 cm wamtali, wokhala ndi maluwa rasipiberi

Gaylardia imayamba kuphulika kuyambira kumapeto kwa mwezi wa June ndipo sinataye kukongola kwake mpaka chisanu. Pomera limodzi la gaillardia, maluwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi utoto wosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, maluwa okhathamira (bango) ndi akulu ndipo ali ndi chikaso cha chikasu, lalanje, chofiirira chakuda, burgundy, ndipo pakati (tubular) amatha kukhala wa bulauni, wofiirira wokhala ndi malo ochititsa chidwi kwambiri opatsirana bwino.

M'mphepete mwa ma petals nthawi zambiri mumasiyana maluwa onse. Mapeto, nthawi zambiri amakhala opepuka. Pambuyo kuti maluwa atachitika, pa korona wa peduncle pamakhala mpira wam'mimba ndipo ngakhale prickly achene-mpira. "Tizilombo" tating'ono, tokhala ngati zipatso pamtunduwu mutamera maluwa atha kuwonjezeredwa ndi maluwa owoneka bwino ndikugwiritsa ntchito ngati maluwa owuma.

Pambuyo maluwa, ndibwino kuchotsa maluwa osweka.

Chomera chimakhala chosazindikira. Limamasuka bwino m'malo otentha ndi dothi louma, lopepuka komanso lachonde. Mwambiri, nthaka iliyonse yolimidwa ndiyabwino, koma siyilekerera kuwonjezera manyowa, chinyezi chambiri komanso dothi la acidic. Gailardia samateteza chilala ndipo amatha kulolera nthawi yayitali kuti asakhale ndi chinyezi.

"Dongosolo lokongola" pogawa chitsamba, komanso mbewu Mbewu zofesedwa mu Epulo pabedi lofufuza. Zomera zimabzalidwa pamalo okhazikika mu Ogasiti pamtunda wa 20-25 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Chaka chamawa adzakhala pachimake.

Ndikwabwino kugawanitsa chitsamba kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, chifukwa maluwa a gailardia amachedwa, kapena koyambirira kwa Seputembala, kuti mbewu zogawikidwazo zimakhala ndi nthawi.

Popanda kumuika kukula m'malo amodzi 4-5. Kukula, chitsamba cha mbewu chikugwa pang'ono, motero muyenera kuyika ma props kapena kumangiriza momasuka ndi mapasa.

Asanakwere muyenera kuwonjezera m'nthaka chidebe cha kompositi kapena ma humus, magalasi 1-2 a phulusa la nkhuni ndi 1 tbsp. spoonful ya zovuta mchere feteleza. Thirirani mosamala dzenje ndikuyala mbewu zogawanika.

Chisamaliro mwachizolowezi kwa gaillardia: kuthirira ndikofunikira pokhapokha nthawi yachilimwe, komanso ngakhale pang'ono. Ngati madengu angapo atsalira mbewu mpaka nthawi yophukira, ndiye kuti nthangala za iwo zimaphukira ndipo kasupe wotsatira apereka mbande zambiri zomwe zingabzalidwe.

Dyetsani Gaillardia munthawi ya budding ndi feteleza wathunthu. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumatha kubwerezedwanso nthawi yamaluwa.

Kuchokera ku matenda nthawi zambiri masamba a gaillardia amakhudzidwa kwambiri. Amakhudzidwa ndi dzimbiri loyera ndi powdery hlobo. Kuola kwa imvi nthawi zina kumawonekera pamaluwa.

Pofuna kupewa kuzizira nyengo yachisanu, tchire la mbewuyo liyenera kulowetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito humus, peat, masamba akale a mitengo kapena singano za spruce.

Wolemba T. Molodtsova.