Zojambula za Bonsai

Luso la bonsai lotanthauziridwa ku Russia limatanthawuza "mtengo mumphika". Luso ili linayamba mu 200 BC. e. ku China, ndendende, poyamba zimamveka ngati "pan-san." Zaka mazana angapo pambuyo pake, Achijapani, limodzi ndi Buddha, adadziwa zojambulajambula izi, adazichita bwino ndipo tsopano zimadziwika kuti ndizachi Japan.

Zithunzi zoyambirira za bonsai kwenikweni - hatito, zimapezeka pamipukutu ya nthawi ya Kamakura nthawi yayitali (1249-1382). Kukonda mitengo yazitali kumangofotokozedwa - osakhala ndi gawo lalikulu komanso kuthekera kokulitsa dimba pafupi ndi nyumbayo, Achijapani adafuna kupeza ngodya yachilengedwe kunyumba, ndipo mitengo yaying'ono sinatenge malo ambiri. Poyamba zinali zosangalatsa kuchita zambiri, makamaka pakati pa anthu wamba. Pambuyo pake, China itapambana China mu 1885, bonsai adakhala nkhani yapamwamba, kafukufuku wasayansi ndi kusonkhetsa. Sukulu zingapo za bonsai komanso masitaelo okulira adayamba kuwoneka.

Pafupifupi mitundu 400 yazomera ndi yoyenera komanso yokhazikitsidwa popanga bonsai. Bonsai weniweni amakhala ndi kutalika kuyambira 20cm mpaka 1.5-2 m. Mayendedwe apadera ndi kupangika kwa malo owoneka pang'ono, komwe kulibe mtengo umodzi womwe umamera m'mbale, koma gawo lonse la chilengedwe, lomwe lili ndi nyanja, miyala, mapiri ang'onoang'ono komanso mapokoso amadzi. Zojambula za Bonsai sizimalola kukangana, zimafunikira chisamaliro chodwala. Kusamalira bonsai ndi mtundu wa miyambo ndi kusinkhasinkha. Mitengo imalimidwa kwa zaka makumi ambiri. M'munda wachifumu ku Japan pali zoyerekeza za bonsai, zomwe zimakhala ndi zaka 300-400.

Kuchokera kuzonse zomwe zanenedwa, zimatsata kuti bonsai weniweni amayenera kukhala ndi nthawi. Chifukwa chake, bonsai imaphatikizapo makamaka mitengo yomwe ili ndi mitengo ikuluikulu. Nthambi zokhotakhota kapena zosweka bwino, mitengo ikuluikulu yokhala ndi masamba osweka kapena yokutidwa ndi moss imayamikiridwa kwambiri. Zonsezi zikufanizira kupulumuka kwakutali m'malo ovuta zachilengedwe ndikugogomezera chilengedwe.

Maonekedwe a Bonsai

Chokkan - mawonekedwe opindika: thunthu loyimirira lofanana ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, wokutidwa ndi nthambi (mawonekedwe ofukula).

Oyenera spruce, larch, juniper, dzelkva ndi ginkgo. Mtengo ukakhala wopanda mpikisano kuchokera kumtengo wina, sunayang'aniridwe ndi mphepo yolimba, umakhala ndi chakudya ndi madzi okwanira, udzaimilira mokulira, ndipo thunthu lake limakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana. Nthambi za mtengo wa bonsai siziyenera kukhala zofanana, nthambi zakumtunda zizikhala zazifupi komanso zazifupi kuposa zotsika. Nthambi zimayenera kutalika kuchokera pamwamba pa thunthu, ndipo nthambi zina zotsika zimatha kuwerama pang'ono. Popewa kuti botilo lisapunthwe, kulemera kwake ndi kulemera kwa mtengowo ziyenera kukhala zofanana.

Shakan - mawonekedwe okonda: thunthu lopendekera, pamwamba ndi mizu yake yomwe imalunjikitsidwa mbali ina kuposa pansi pa thunthu, mizu yolimba (mtundu wokonda).

Zokwanira mitundu yambiri. Mothandizidwa ndi mphepo zamphamvu zomwe zimawomba, mtengo umakula ndi malo otsetsereka, mawonekedwe omwewo amawonekera mu mbewu yomwe ikukula mumthunzi ndikupendekera mpaka dzuwa. Thunthu la mtengowo, lomwe limatha kukhala lolunjika kapena lopindika pang'ono, liyenera kutengeka pakona pa 70 mpaka 90 ° kulemekeza kumtunda kwa chidebe. Kumbali ina ya mtengowo, mizu imakulitsidwa kwambiri, ndipo zikuwoneka kuti zigwiritsitsa dothi, ndipo kuchokera kumbali ya thunthu lopindika amapita pansi.

Mayogi - mawonekedwe asymmetric ofukula: thunthu lozungulira lokhala ndi malo otsetsereka pang'ono mpaka pansi ndi kupingasa kwakang'ono kwa ma 3, atakutidwa ndi nthambi. Maonekedwe a Shakan: thunthu lopendekera, pamwamba ndi mizu yomwe imalunjikitsidwa mbali ina kuposa pansi pa thunthu, mizu yolimba (mawonekedwe osakhazikika ofikira).

Zoyenerera pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya mitengo. Mtunduwu umapezeka kwambiri mwachilengedwe komanso bonsai ambiri. Chitsa cha mtengo chimakhala ndi mauta angapo, otsika omwe amayenera kutchulidwa. Monga momwe zimakhalira kalembedwe kokhazikika, thunthu limakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, nthambi ndizofanana, ndipo korona amafanana ndi kukula kwa thunthu.

Fukinagashi - yokhotakhota ndi mawonekedwe amphepo: thunthu lopendekera, makamaka pamwambapa, pomwe nthambi zinayang'aniridwa kulowera.
Hokidachi ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati fan: nthambi yolunjika yozungulira ngati wopanga (mawonekedwe a panicle).

Ndioyeneranso kukhala ndi mitengo yotambalala yokhala ndi nthambi zoonda monga dzelkva, elm ndi Hornbeam. Mwachilengedwe, kalembedwe kameneka kamawonedwa bwino ku Zeikova (Dzelkva). Mukamapanga bonsai, kalembedwe kameneka amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mitundu ina. Thunthu lake limakhala lokhazikika, koma osati lalitali kwambiri, nthambi zonse zimasuntha kuchoka pamfundo imodzi. Korona amakhala wozungulira komanso wowonda kwambiri.

Chifukwa cha nthambi zambiri zopyapyala, mtengowo umawoneka bwino ngakhale ulibe masamba. Mwambiri, mtengowo umafanana ndi mantha akale.

Kengai - mawonekedwe opachikika kapena ogwetsa pansi: thunthu lopindika ndi nthambi zokulira pansi m'mphepete mwa chotengera (kalembedwe ka Cascade).

Woyenerera ma pine, cotoneaster, pyracantha ndi juniper. Simalimbikitsa mitengo yokhala ndi mitengo ikuluikulu yolimba. Mtengo womwe umamera pathanthwepo umatha kugwadira pazifukwa zambiri - chifukwa cha miyala yomwe imagwera, pansi pa kulemera kwake kapena kulemera kwa chipale chofewa, chifukwa chosowa kuwala. Uwu ndiye mtundu wamasewera omwe adapangidwa ndi chilengedwe chomwe. Kwa bonsai, izi zikutanthauza kuti korona wa mtengowo uyenera kukhala pansi pamphepete pamwamba pa chidebe. Ndikosavuta kusunga chomera chamasewera chikhala chathanzi ndikamakula.

Khan Kengai - mawonekedwe opachika pakati kapena theka-pamasewera: thunthu ndi nthambi ndizowongoka poyerekeza ndi m'mphepete mwa chotengera (kalembedwe kakang'ono).

Oyenera mitundu yonse, kupatula mitengo yamphamvu yolimba. Mtunduwu, monga "Cascade", umapezeka mwachilengedwe m'mitengo yomwe imamera m'malo otsetsereka, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi m'makwalala. Chifukwa cha kuyandikira kwa madzi, thunthu silikula, koma m'malo molowera. Mu mitengo ya bonsai yopanda kanthu, korona amangogwera pansi m'mphepete mwa chidebe.

Isitsuki - mwala wa mwala (bonsai pamwala): mizu ya chomera chimakwirira mwala womwe uli pansi (mawonekedwe a "kukumbatira").

Woyenera paini, mapulo, maluwa a quince ndi rhododendron. Potengera kalembedwe kameneka, mitengo imamera kuchokera kumiyala m'miyala. Mizu yake ikuwoneka kuti ikuyenda mwala ndipo kuchokera pamenepo mbewuyo imalandira chakudya chonse ndi madzi. Kutsirira pafupipafupi ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa bonsai yamtunduwu, popeza chinyezi mumakhalidwe chimakhala chochepa. Kuonetsetsa chinyezi chachikulu, mwala ukhoza kuyikidwa mu mbale yosaya ndi madzi. Mwa kubzala mitengo ingapo, mutha kupanga mawonekedwe.

Sokan - mapangidwe awiri kapena awiri: mitengo iwiri ya mitengo itatu, yosiyana kutalika ndi mphamvu, kuchokera muzu umodzi ("thunthu").

Oyenera mitundu yonse ya mitengo. Silhouette yotere ndi yofala m'chilengedwe. Mitengo iwiri ikuluikulu imamera kuchokera muzu umodzi, ndipo imodzi ndi yamphamvu kwambiri kuposa yachiwiri. Ku bonsai, kalembedwe kameneka amatha kupangidwa mwaluso pamene thunthu lachiwiri likhazikitsidwa kuchokera ku nthambi yotsikirako. Onetsetsani kuti nthambi sinakwera kwambiri, apo ayi "foloko" imakhala yopanda mawonekedwe a bonsai.

Sankan - mawonekedwe a tricuspid.

Kabudachi - Mipangidwe yolumikizidwa mitundu yambiri: mbewu zokhala ndi mitengo ikuluikulu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yofanana ndi zitsamba. Chiwerengero cha mitengo ikuluikulu iyenera kukhala yosamvetseka (kalembedwe ka Octopus).
Mtunduwu ndi woyenera pamitundu yonse ya mitengo. Zomera zonse zimamera kuchokera muzu umodzi ndipo sizingagawike. Uku ndiye kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mbewuzi ndi gulu la mitundu yodziyimira payokha. Ndizofanana ndi kaonekedwe ka mbiya ziwiri, koma pano tikulankhula za mitengo ikuluikulu itatu kapena kupitirirapo.

Yose-Yu - Kuphatikizidwa kwa nkhalango: Mitengo yambiri yamitundu ingapo yosiyanasiyana ndi mibadwo imodzi mu chotengera chimodzi.

Ikadabuki - raft: thunthu lomwe lili pansi kapena pansi ndipo nthambi zokhazikika zikukula. Zomerazi zikufanana ndi mitengo yamitengo ingapo (mitengo "yakugwa").

Oyenera mitundu yonse ya mitengo. Nthawi zina mtengo wothwa ukhoza kupulumuka poponya nthambi zam'mbali, pomwe mitengo ikuluikulu imapangidwa. Thunthu lakale lakumaso likuwonekerabe. Mtunduwu umakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati bonsai, makamaka pakakhala magwero, momwe nthambi zimakhalira mbali imodzi. Mosiyana ndi gulu la mbewu zomwe zili kale motere, mtunda pakati pa mitengo ikuluikulu sasintha.

Bujingi (kalembedwe).

Ndizoyenera mitengo yambiri yolimba kapena yowuma. Mtunduwu umatchedwa dzina lawo kuchokera ku zojambula zomwe ojambula achi China adjambula kujambula mitengo yolingalira. Zodabwitsa za kalembedwe kameneka: chingwe chopindika chopindika, popanda kupezeka kwa nthambi zochepa, korona amapezeka kumtunda kwa mtengo. Tikhozanso kupeza mitengo yofananira m'nkhalangoyi chifukwa, chifukwa chosowa kuwala kwa dzuwa komanso malo ochepa, nthambi zotsika zimafa ndipo thunthu limawoneka lopanda kanthu komanso loyipa.

Sekijoju (mizu yamaliseche pamiyala).

Ndizoyenera mitundu yonse yokhala ndi mizu yomwe imakula kwambiri, monga mapulo, Chinese elm, paini ndi juniper. Pamiyala yamiyala, mbewu zina zimapulumuka chifukwa mizu yake, yophimba miyala, imakwera pansi pawo kukafunafuna madzi ndi michere yomwe imunjenjemera ming'alu ndi voids. Mizu, yotseguka ndi mphepo komanso imasinthidwa ndi nyengo zosiyanasiyana, posachedwa imayamba kufanana ndi mtengo. Chofunikira mu bonsai ndi mawonekedwe okongola a mizu omwe amawoneka akale. Mtengowo pawokha ukhoza kudzalidwa mwa mtundu uliwonse, koma mawonekedwe osakhazikika ndi "mantha" sangakhale chisankho chabwino. Popeza mmera umapeza chakudya kuchokera mchidebe, kusamalira sichinthu chovuta kwambiri kuposa mbewu zamtundu wina. Ikani kuti mwala wokhala ndi mizu uwoneke bwino.

Sharimiki (kalekale mtengo).

Woyenera kuti a juniper. M'mizu yomwe imamera m'mphepete mwa mapiri, mbali zazikulu za thunthu sizimakutidwa ndi makungwa ndikuwundana ndi dzuwa. Ku bonsai, madera omwe amapezeka nkhuni zakufa ndizofunikira kwambiri ndipo akuyenera kuwonekera bwino. Amapangidwa mwaluso ndikudula mbali zina za kotekisi ndi kuphulika kwotsatira.

Zomera za Bonsai

Sikuti mbewu iliyonse ndiyoyenera kukula ngati bonsai. Ngakhale pali zojambula mu bonsai zaluso momwe kapangidwe kake kamapangidwira kuchokera ku zitsamba za herbaceous, mwamwambo bonsai amakulira pamitengo ndi zitsamba, i.e. Zomera zokhala ndi thunthu lolimba, lomwe nthawi zambiri limakhazikika ndi nthambi. Mitengo yamtengo wapatali kwambiri ya coniferous: paini, juniper, thuja, cypress, larch, popeza ndiolimba komanso chidutswa cha dziko lapansi potizungulira chaching'ono chimawoneka chachilendo kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa ma conifers, mitundu yodziwika bwino imakonda kulima ngati bonsai - mapulo, birch, phulusa lamapiri, thundu, beech, Hornbeam, msondodzi, ndi zina zambiri. Mitengo yazipatso komanso yamaluwa imawoneka yokongola kwambiri - mthethe, guava, makangaza, myira, magnolia, pichesi, maula. Mulimonsemo, kusankha chomera kumatsimikiziridwa ndi zikhalidwe za mundende - makamaka kutentha. Ngati chipindacho chili bwino, ndiye kuti mutha kutenga ma conifers, ngati chipindacho ndichotentha, makamaka nthawi yozizira, ndiye kuti chisankhocho chimangokhala pazomera zomwe zimakonda kutentha (ficus, dracaena, cordilina, dimba).

Adenium ndi wonenepa; Krosmos Bauer; Chithunzithunzi Rhododendron Sims;
Acacia bailey; Caro ndi mutch, Senegalese, siliva, kulimbikira, Farnesian, mtengo wakuda;
Corocia ali ndi ndodo; Rosemary officinalis
Albanian wopangidwa ndi mawonekedwe, Leonkaran; Kumquat ndi chowulungika; Achikazi Achi Japan; Matigaya a tiyi
Bamboo Kofeya ndi wachipembedzo; Boxwood ndiwotchi yaying'ono, yokhazikika nthawi zonse;
Bauchinia Blanca, wopindika, wofiirira; Lagerstremia ndi India, wokongola; Serissa kapena "mtengo wa nyenyezi chikwi";
Mtengo wopindika wa ku Japan; Cistus; Syzygium paniculata
Privet Japan; Laphenia makangaza; Rhizopharynx wavy; Tobira wocheperako
Rock brachychiton; Leptospermum ndodo yopanga; Pine wamba, Mediterranean;
Bougainvillea ndi yosalala, yokongola; Mafuta Phokoso; Sophora zokwawa, mapiko anayi;
Elm wokhala ndi ana ochepa; Malpigia wamaliseche, wopanda thupi; Crassula ndi wobiriwira wotumbululuka;
Gardenia ali ngati jasmine; Maolivi aku Europe; Trachelospermum Asia, jasmoid, Japan;
Hibiscus mgwirizano, wopangidwa Melaleuk ndi mitengo yoyera, wort wa St. Trichodiadema Calvatum; Littlewood, bulb;
Makangaza wamba kalasi Nana Metrosideros mkulu; Feijoa Sellovana;
Dovialis Kaffra; Mirsina African; Ficus Benjamin, boxwood
Cork thundu, miyala; Myrtle wamba; Nkhuyu ndi zazifupi, zazing'ono-zipatso, boxwood ,wowunda;
Eugene ndi maluwa amodzi; Mirtsinaria tsvetstvennaya; Mastic pistachio;
Honeysuckle ndizowala; Euphorbia basamu; Fuchsia ndi wosakanizidwa, wamaluwa ang'onoang'ono, wopanda maluwa pang'ono, wa masamba a thyme, wokhala ndi masamba atatu;
Strawberry yayikulu-zipatso, yaying'ono-zipatso; Muraia Conta, ali ndi nkhawa; Holarren pubescent; Ixora kutuluka; Kunyumba kwa Nandina; Citrofortunella yaying'ono-zipatso;
Casuarina ndi wochulukirapo, wowoneka ngati wagaleta; Nicodemia wosiyanasiyana; Zipatso za citrus: lalanje, lalanje owawa, mandimu enieni, limetta, ndimu, mandarin, ndi zina zambiri;
Calliandra Tved; ndipo Pelargonium ali ndi zoonda zisanu ndi ziwiri, zonal, ivy, curly, ndi kununkhira mwamphamvu; Eucalyptus Hun, ndimu, multiflorous, tsamba, kapu;
Callistemon -wowoneka-wopanda mawonekedwe, lalitali-lalitali, chikasu cha mandimu, wokongola; Podocarpus lalikulu-leaved; Nagi, wooneka ngati chikwakwa, wabuluu, wowonda; Eretia ndi wocheperako;
Camellia ndi Chinese, mesh, Japan; Poliscias Balfura; Hulfol, Holly; Jacobinum malaflora;
Cypress ya Arizona, yobiriwira nthawi zonse, Kashmir, wokhala ndi zipatso zambiri; Zeze wa ku Portulacaria; Phulusa la Griffith; Kneorum atatu-poyimira; Rapis ndiwokwera, wotsika;

Chisamaliro

Mawonekedwe opepuka

Masana masana pamtunda wofunda ndi ofupikirapo kuposa malo otentha ndi otentha, kotero popanda kuwunikira kowonjezerapo bonsai sudzapeza kuwala. Kuperewera kwapadera kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi chikhalidwe cha nyengo yozizira - kuyambira kumapeto kwa Okutobala mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Marichi.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bonsai imafuna malo osiyanasiyana owunikira, omwe ayenera kufotokozedwa. Mukamasankha zomwe muli ndi bonsai, samalani ndi zotsatirazi zowunikira zotsatirazi:

mbali ya dziko (kumpoto, kumwera, kumadzulo, kumawa)
mtunda kuchokera pazenera (pazenera, pafupi ndi zenera kumbuyo kwa nsalu, pafupi ndi zenera lopanda makatani, kumbuyo kwa chipindacho)
mbali ya dzuwa
komwe kuli zanyumba zoyandikana nazo
kukhalapo kwa zopinga zakunja kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa (nyumba zoyandikana nazo, mitengo yowuma)
mtundu wamakoma ndi windowsill

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti makatani amatenga mphamvu dzuwa. Chifukwa chake ngati bonsai ili kumbuyo kwa makatani, masana amayenera kukwezedwa kapena kukankhidwira mbali kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa kufikire nyumbayo.

Ponena za momwe dzuwa limayambira, kukula kwa mbewuyo kumakulirakulira ngati kuyima mbali yakumanzere pazenera lakum'mawa kapena kumanja kumadzulo.

Mulingo woyenera wowunikira ungayesedwe pogwiritsa ntchito chithunzi pazama mita kapena luxometer. Zipangizozi zimapereka chidziwitso chokwanira cha kuchuluka kwa kuwala kudera lililonse. Malire a kuwunikira kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazomera zamkati amasiyana 500 mpaka 5000 lux.

Kusowa kwa kuwala kuyenera kulipiridwenso ntchito pakuwunikira. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito kuwala popanga chaka chonse, zomwe zimatha kukhala ndi vuto pachomera.. M'nyengo yozizira, komanso masiku amitambo kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Marichi, kuunikira kowonjezereka ndikofunikira. Pazifukwa izi nyali za fluorescent fluorescent, nyali zamagetsi zamagetsi kwambiri ndi nyali zitsulo za halogen zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndikwabwino kukana nyali za incandescent, popeza kuwala komwe amawatsekera kuli kutali ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, kuwala kwadzuwa kumawononga chomera. Kuphatikiza apo, mphamvu zamagetsi amtundu wa incandescent sikhala okwanira mokwanira.

Nyali zokonda kwambiri za fluorescent, zomwe ndizothandiza kwambiri komanso zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Kugula nyali zotere si ntchito yayikulu. Amatha kukhala amitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Kuti muwunikire bonsai, nyali zazitali ndi mphamvu ya 18 W (kutalika 59 masentimita) ndi 40 W (120 cm) zoyera zokhala ndi chizindikiro 20 kapena DE LUX 21 zikulimbikitsidwa.

Nyali zachitsulo za Halogen zimayikidwa m'malo opingasa. Mukakhazikitsa nyali zowonjezera, malamulo otsatirawa ayenera kukumbukiridwa:

Poyatsa nyali ikaikidwira mmera, imagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera. Komabe, munthu sayenera kuyiwala za radiation yamafuta.
Nyali zonse ziyenera kuyalidwa pamalowo.
Pa mita lalikulu lililonse la mawonekedwe owunikira akuyenera kukhala osachepera 70 Watts. Amakhulupirira kuti nyali imayikidwa pamtunda wa 25-50 masentimita kuchokera pachomera.

M'nyengo yozizira, maola masana ayenera kuwonjezeka ndi maola 4-5.

Njira yotentha

Mitundu ya bonsai (myula, maolivi, makangaza, rosemary) nthawi yozizira imakhala ndi kutentha kwa +5 mpaka + 15 ° C, ndipo nthawi yotentha imatulutsa kupita panja (khonde).

Mitundu yotentha chaka chonse imakhala ndi kutentha kuyambira +18 mpaka + 25C. M'chilimwe, mbewu zimasiyidwa m'nyumba. Zomera zotentha sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti ziyikidwe pamiyala yamiyala yamiyala, ngati magetsi otentha sapita pansi pawo.

Kutentha kwambiri kwa mtengowo, kumawonjezera kuwala, madzi ndi michere. Kutentha kochepa, kumachepetsa kuthilira ndi kuvala pamwamba pamtengowo.

Chinyezi cha mpweya

Monga lamulo, chinyezi chomwe chimapezeka munzindawu sichikwanira bonsai. Kodi kuthetsa vutoli?

Njira yodula kwambiri, koma osati yothandiza kwambiri yokhazikitsa chinyezi chokwanira cha mpweya ndi chinyezi chamagetsi. Ma humidifera ali ndi zovuta zingapo: miyeso yayikulu, mtengo wokwanira wokonza, zotsatira za phokoso. Njira yosavuta yothetsera vutoli ndikuyika ma bonsai mu beseni lathyathyathya kapena papayala la pulasitiki lodzaza madzi. Pansi pa chotengera (thireyi) amayenera kuyala ndi timiyala ting'onoting'ono kapena kabati ndikuyika mphika wokhala ndi chomera pamwamba pawo. Kuchuluka kwa madzi kuyenera kusungidwa pamlingo womwewo. Kuchita bwino kwa njirayi kumachulukitsa ngati chotengera chamadzi chayikidwa pamwamba pa magetsi.

Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi, tikulimbikitsidwa kupopera mbewuzo ndi madzi. Komabe, njirayi imangopereka kwakanthawi kochepa, chifukwa chake iyenera kubwerezedwa pafupipafupi. Kumwaza kumayenera kuchitika m'mawa, kuti mbewuyo ikhale ndi nthawi yowuma madzulo.

Kuthirira

Dothi lomwe lili mchombo ndi bonsai liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse (osati louma, koma losanyowa). Kuuma kwa dothi kumatha kutsimikizika ndi kukhudza kapena mtundu wowala. Kutumphuka panthaka sikutanthauza kuti nthaka yonseuma.

Madzi amafikira pansi penipeni pake. Vuto lakusowa kwa madzi munthaka, kuthirira kuyenera kubwerezedwanso katatu mpaka mchenga uliwonse utasungunuka. M'nyengo yotentha, bonsai imafuna madzi ambiri kuposa nthawi yozizira, yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi kukula kwamphamvu kwa chomera m'nthawi yotentha. Zomera zapansi pano zimathiriridwa pang'ono momwe zingathere chilimwe: nthaka iyenera kukhala youma. Zomera zotentha sizimalekerera konse madzi ozizira konse.

Madzi abwino kwambiri a kuthirira amasowa. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito madzi apampopi, omwe amayambitsidwa kwa maola angapo musanagwiritse ntchito: madziwo amatenga kutentha kwa chipinda ndikuyika dothi ndi solids.