Kudyetsa tsabola ndi biringanya

Ndikofunikira kuti wokonza dimba amene amalima tsabola ndi biringanya kuti azipatsa zakudya zabwino nyengo yonseyo. Zomera izi zimakonda chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro: kwa iwo, kufunikira kwa potaziyamu, nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi zinthu zina zofufuza zimawonedwa pa nthawi ya maluwa ndi zipatso. Osasamala kudyetsa ndi tchire laling'ono kwambiri, lomwe limakhalabe mumiphika ya mbande.

Kuti muzisangalala ndi zokolola zambiri zamasamba, ubwamuna umalimbikitsidwa pamagawo onse aulimi ndipo, choyambirira, musaiwale kuchita izi pachiyambi pomwe, masamba oyambira oona atawonekera. Ena okhala m'chilimwe, potengera zomwe akumana nazo, mtsogolomo amakonda kudyetsa mbewu panthawi yomwe yabzala panthaka, ena amakhala osavuta kuthirira mabedi ndi feteleza wophatikizidwa m'madzi. Aliyense ali ndi chisankho, chifukwa palibe njira zochepa zowonjezera zokolola.

Ndikofunikira kuganizira mbali imodzi: kupopera mbewu kumavomerezedwa ndi tsabola ndi maqanda, amamwa zinthu zonse zofunikira kudzera muzu. Chifukwa chake, samalani, ndipo ngati mwakumana mwangozi ndi feteleza pamasamba, ayenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi.

Kukula mbande za tsabola ndi biringanya

Wamaluwa omwe asinthidwa amatsata kudyetsa mbande ziwiri ndi mbande za tsabola nthawi ziwiri: pamalo opanga masamba enieni komanso pafupifupi 1.5 masabata asanabzalidwe mu nthaka.

Woyamba kudya mbande

Kupanga chitetezo chokwanira ndikukula kwa mbewu, feteleza wa nayitrogeni-potaziyamu amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chifukwa chake, kudyetsa koyamba kungakhale njira zotsatirazi:

Njira yoyamba. Pafupifupi 20-30 magalamu a mankhwalawa "Kemira-Lux" amawonjezera mu 10 malita a madzi.
Njira yachiwiri. 30 g wa potaziyamu nitrate amabweretsedwa pansi pa mizu, yomwe kale imasungunuka mu ndowa 10 yamadzi.
Njira yachitatu. Osakaniza, pokonzekera komwe mumafunikira magalamu 30 a foskamide ndi magalamu 15 a superphosphate, amadzipereka mu malita 10 amadzi.
Njira yachinayi. Kudyetsa mbande za biringanya, konzekerani zosakaniza zokhala ndi supuni zitatu za superphosphate, supuni ziwiri za potaziyamu sulfate ndi supuni 1 ya ammonium nitrate. Amapangira buku la malita 10 a madzi.
Njira yachisanu. Mbewu za tsabola zimaphatikizidwa ndi chovala chimodzimodzicho, koma chophika mosiyanasiyana - supuni zitatu za potaziyamu, supuni zitatu za superphosphate, supuni ziwiri za nitrate. Osakaniza ayenera kuchepetsedwa m'madzi - 10 malita.

Chachiwiri kudyetsa mbande

Pamodzi ndi nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu, phosphorous ndi zina zazikulu- ndi ma microelements ziyenera kupezekanso kuvala kwachiwiri kwapamwamba.

Njira yoyamba. Sungunulani 20-30 magalamu a Kemira-Lux m'madzi, adzafunika malita 10.
Njira yachiwiri. 20 magalamu a Kristallon pamadzi omwewo.
Njira yachitatu. Osakaniza wopanga 65-75 magalamu a superphosphate ndi 25-30 magalamu a mchere wa potaziyamu ayenera kusungunuka mu 10 malita a madzi.

Feteleza m'mabedi pansi pa tsabola ndi biringanya

Anthu okhala pachilimwe omwe nthawi zambiri samachezera kubzala masamba, njira yothira feteleza nthaka ndiyoyenera. Iyenera kudzazidwa m'maenje osabzala mbewu mumsewu.

Feteleza kwa biringanya

Njira yoyamba. Magalamu 15 a ammonium sulfate, 30 magalamu a superphosphate ndi 30 gm ya phulusa la nkhuni amasakanikirana ndi kuwaza pamtunda wa mita.
Njira yachiwiri. 30 magalamu a superphosphate, magalamu 15 a potaziyamu kloridi komanso muyeso womwewo wa ammonium, wosakanikirana, wowazidwa 1 mita lalikulu la dziko.

Mutha kuwonjezera magalamu 400 a humus pachitsime chilichonse.

Feteleza Pepper

Njira yoyamba. 30 magalamu a phulusa ndi superphosphate amasakanikirana, kuphatikiza umwazikana pa 1 mita imodzi ya dziko.
Njira yachiwiri. 40 g wa superphosphate amasakanikirana ndi 15-20 g wa potaziyamu. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumawerengeredwa pamtunda wa pabedi.
Njira yachitatu. Pachitsime chilichonse, lita imodzi yothira manyowa imagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa theka la lita imodzi ya mullein imasungunuka m'madzi, amawotcha kuti ikhale yotentha, ndipo voliyumu imabwera mpaka malita 10.

Musanabzale mbande, magalamu 200 a osakaniza okhala ndi magawo ofanana a humus ndi nthaka adzakhala othandiza m'maenje.

Zovala pamwamba pamwamba pa tsabola ndi biringanya mutabzala m'mabedi

Nyengo yachilimwe kwa wolima mundawo ndi nthawi yotentha. Kukula ndiwo zamasamba kumafuna nthawi komanso khama, koma chisangalalo chotulukapo chake chimakhudza zosokoneza zonse zomwe zimayenera kukhalapo pachilimwe. Biringanya ndi tsabola zimafunika kudyetsedwa nthawi zambiri zokwanira - pafupifupi nthawi 3-5 ndi nthawi ya masabata awiri. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumakhala koyenera kwa mbewu kutentha (madigiri 22-25), izi ndizofunikira kwambiri.

Masiku 13-15 mutabzala tchire pamalo potseka, kuvala koyambirira koyenera kuyenera kuchitika. Munthawi imeneyi, adatha kuzika mizu ndikuyamba kusowa michere.

Tikakonza feteleza, kuthirira ndikofunikira kusunga Mlingo: lita imodzi ya yankho imayikidwa pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse.

Kudyetsa tsabola ndi biringanya pa nthawi ya maluwa komanso musanakhale zipatso

Njira yoyamba. Magalasi awiri amiyala yam'madzi kapena mtsuko wa mullein amasakanikirana ndi kapu ya nkhuni ndikupukutidwa mu 10 malita a madzi.
Njira yachiwiri. 25-30 g wa saltpeter amathiridwa mumtsuko ndi malita 10 a madzi, osakanizidwa.
Njira yachitatu. Lita imodzi ya kulowetsedwa kwa udzu wazomera pachitsamba chimodzi cha biringanya kapena tsabola (Kuti mumve zambiri, onani nkhani "Feteleza zachilengedwe kuchokera ku udzu")
Njira yachinayi. 2 supuni ziwiri za superphosphate ndi urea womwewo umayikidwa mumtsuko ndi kuthira malita 10 a madzi, sakanizani mpaka kusungunuka.
Njira yachisanu. 25-30 g ya superphosphate iyenera kusungunuka m'madzi (malita 10) ndi kuwonjezera mtsuko wa lita imodzi ya mullein pamenepo. Pambuyo posakaniza, feteleza ndi wokonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito.
Njira yachisanu ndi chimodzi. Kuti mupeze madzi okwanira 10 litre, muyenera kutenga supuni ya mchere wa potaziyamu ndi urea, supuni ziwiri za superphosphate.
Njira yachisanu ndi chiwiri. 500 g ya nettle yatsopano, supuni imodzi ya phulusa ndi lita imodzi ya mullein amathiridwa ndi madzi wamba ndikuwaphika sabata limodzi. Madzi amafunika malita 10.

Kudyetsa tsabola ndi biringanya pa nthawi ya zipatso

Nyengo zimagwira gawo lalikulu pakukula kwa mbeu. Ngati kunali kwamvula ndi kozizira, ndiye kuti tsabola ndi biringanya mumafunikira 1/5 gawo potaziyamu koposa masiku onse. Phulusa la nkhuni ndi lomwe limachokera kuti.

Njira yoyamba. Supuni ziwiri za mchere wa potaziyamu ndi kuchuluka kofanana kwa superphosphate pa 10 malita a madzi.
Njira yachiwiri. Supuni 1 ya potaziyamu sulphate pa 10 malita a madzi.
Njira yachitatu. Sungani kapu ya mbalame ndi lita imodzi ya madzi mu madzi, onjezerani supuni 1 ya urea ndi malita 10 a madzi.
Njira yachinayi. Muziganiza makapu awiri a manyowa a nkhuku ndi supuni ziwiri za nitroammophoska ndikusakaniza malita 10 a madzi.
Njira yachisanu. 75 magalamu a urea, 75 magalamu a superphosphate, 15-20 magalamu a potaziyamu klorayidi pa 10 malita a madzi.
Njira yachisanu ndi chimodzi. 40 g ya superphosphate imasungunuka mu 10 malita a madzi.

Kuperewera kwa dothi lofufuza zinthu sikungakhudze zipatso za tsabola ndi biringanya. Kuti muwongolere vutoli, muyenera kuwadyetsa ndi "osakaniza a Riga" kapena zovuta za feteleza wama mchere.