Ma maluwa okongola komanso kununkhira kodabwitsa kumunda kumapereka maluwa ambiri. Zina mwa izo zimagwirizana ndi zovuta zachilengedwe ndipo sizimawopa kutentha kwa chisanu. Vuto lina ndilo kukongoletsa bwino nyengo yachimaluwa. Kodi ndichofunika kuwasungitsa mwanjira inayake ndipo mukufunikira kukumba malu nthawi yachisanu - aliyense wakubzala amangoyang'ana mayankho a mafunso awa. Tikukupatsirani zinthu zapadera, zomwe zimafotokoza njira zoyambira zomwe zingafunikire kuchitika m'munda mu kugwa.
Maluwa achisanu nthawi zambiri amadalira mitundu yosankhidwa kuti ikulidwe. Mitundu yambiri yazipatso zam'zomera zimalolera kuti chisanu chisakhale ndi chipale chofewa chokwanira. Chifukwa chake, kukumba maluwa amtunduwu nthawi yozizira sikufunikira, komabe, kupatsirana kumachitikabe kuti tisunge zokongoletsera. Mukuyenera kumvetsetsa kuti mudzakumba maluwa ngati bulb yapakati ikundikundikira ana ambiri pakulima. Izi zikakamiza mbewu kuti ipereke zakudya zambiri kuti zikulitse mababu atsopano nyengo ina iliyonse. Maluwa pamenepa atha kukhala ochepa kapena osakhalapo.
Kodi ndimaluwa ati omwe amafunikira kukumbidwa nthawi yachisanu?
Mitundu yambiri yobzala mitengo, yomwe imagulitsidwa m'misika yamaluwa wamba, imayimira mitundu ya zipatso zosagwira chisanu. Komabe, ndikofunikira kufotokozera za maluwa a mtundu wina kapena wamtundu wina wosakanizidwa. Maluwa ofunikira amafunika kuti akumbiridwe nyengo yachisanu, ngati ali amtundu wa Kum'mawa ndi America, tubular ndi Asia. Komabe, ma hybrids a maluwa a LA amafunika kuti azikumbidwa ndi kukhazikitsidwa pachaka mu nyengo iliyonse, chifukwa ndizosatheka kufalikira kuchokera kwa iwo popanda njira ya agrotechnical iyi. Izi ndichifukwa choti mitunduyi imapanga ana ambiri omwe amachotsa michere pakati pa babu.
Zomwe maluwa osafunikira kuti akumbiridwe nyengo yachisanu: hybrid wa Pennsylvania ndi Asiatic, Matragona ndi Candidum, Daurian ndi OA wosakanizidwa. Sizikunena kuti kakombo wamitundu yonseyo komanso wokhathamira sakhala wowoneka bwino kumayendedwe achisanu ndi nthaka.
Mitundu yotsalayo imafuna mulching dothi ndi wosanjikiza wa utuchi kapena spruce paws. Pamwamba pa izi pali podzitchinjiriza.
Kodi ndi liti pokumba maluwa achisanu?
Chofunikira pa kulondola kwa ntchito ili yonse yaulimi ndi kusakhalitsa. Kodi ndikufunika kukumba maluwa - yankho la funsoli lomwe tapereka kale pamwambapa. Chisankho chikapangidwa, ndikofunikira kudziwa nthawi yomwe ntchitoyi ichitika.
Nthawi zokwanira maluwa pokumbira nthawi yachisanu:
- chakum'mawa ndikugundika zokhala ndi maluwa mochedwa - gawo loyambirira la Seputembala;
- LA ndi mitundu ya Asia ya mitundu yosakanizidwa - theka lachiwiri la Ogasiti;
- OT, OA ndi ma hybrids ena - atatha August 20.
Mutha kudziwa palokha nthawi yomwe mukumba maluwa pa tsamba lanu. Nthawi zambiri pakadali pano gawo lonse lathunthu liyenera kuti lizisintha chikasu. Ngati izi sizinachitike, ndiye kuti pa Seputembara 20, mitundu yonse ndi ma hybrids zimakumbidwa popanda kusiyanitsa. Koma izi zimachitika pokhapokha ngati akukonza mababu kunyumba. Ngati mukufuna kudzala mbewuzo m'nthaka, ndiye kuti kukumba ndi kusinthanitsa maluwa pambuyo pa Seputembara 10 sikuloledwa. Zomera zilibe nthawi yopanga mizu yokwanira ndikufa kuchokera ku chisanu choyambirira chokhala ndi chivundikiro chaching'ono cha chipale chofewa.
Chifukwa chake, yankho ku funso loti maluwa amakumba nthawi yachisanu ndi yopanda tanthauzo ndipo lingaliro limaperekedwa ndi aliyense wodzidulira pawokha. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa, mwachidziwikire, kukumba mitundu yonse ya maluwa kuti athe kugwira nawo ntchito ndikusankha kwa kubzala komanso kuonetsetsa maluwa ambiri chaka chilichonse. Chifukwa chake, akatswiri odziwa maluwa okongoletsa amakumbidwa, amapangidwira nyengo yachisanu ndikupanga nyengo yabwino yosungira zinthu. Tilankhulanso izi.
Momwe mungapulumutsire mababu a kakombo?
Kukumba kolondola kwa mababu a maluwa ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yosungira bwino ndikupeza maluwa abwino kwambiri chaka chamawa.
Malamulo oyambira kukumba mababu a maluwa:
- mothandizidwa ndi ma pitchforks a dimba, ndikofunikira kusamalira mosamala komanso mosamala ndikukhala pamwamba pa dothi lapadziko lapansi ndi mababu;
- atagwira dzanja ndi zimayambira, dziko lapansi limagwedezedwa mwakachetechete ndikuwunikira pamaso pa ana;
- zimayambira ndi kutalika mpaka 5cm kuchokera ku babu;
- kufufuza kwa mizu mukamatsuka pansi pa madzi;
- mizu yochulukirapo imakonzedwa, kumangoyambira mizu mpaka 5cm;
- popanda zosiyanitsa, zidutswa zonse za babu zimapangidwa mu beseni ndikutsanulira ndi njira yofunda ya malathion kapena potaziyamu ofooka wa potaziyamu ndikusiyidwa motere kwa mphindi 40;
- ndiye kuti mutha kupukusa mababu mu makala ophwanyika kapena phulusa ndikuwongolera;
- tumizani kuti mukaume m'malo odera, opanda chinyezi.
Kenako, sinthani mababu onse. Mababu akulu kwambiri amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukakamiza maluwa chaka chamawa. Awo omwe ali ochepa ndi ana amafunika kuti akule kuti adzagwiritse ntchito pambuyo pake. Izi zimachitika motere: mutabzala ndikupanga masamba, onse amachotsedwa. Chomera sichimaphuka mchaka choyamba.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuti tisunge maluwa ambiri nthawi yachisanu, tifunika kupanga nyengo zabwino pamenepa. Tengani chidebe chilichonse (mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki yokhala ndi chivindikiro chotsekeka. Ikani wosanjikiza wa masentimita 5 pansi, kutsanulira ndi madzi. Kenako ikani anyezi ndikuwaphimba ndi wosanjikiza 10 cm, matope kapena ming'oma yamatabwa. Pachikuto, ndikofunikira kupanga mabowo ang'onoang'ono angapo kuti mpweya ulowemo.
Tsopano mukudziwa momwe mungapulumutsire mababu a kakombo nthawi yozizira. Kuti musunge, ikani zodyeramo m'chipinda chapansi kapena mufiriji m'nyumba yanyumba. Yakwana nthawi yakulankhula za momwe ndi kuphimba kwa dzinja maluwa omwe akhalabe panthaka nyengo yachisanu.
Kodi ndimotani momwe mungakhalire ndikukongoletsa nyengo yachisanu?
Mitundu yambiri ya mbewuzi safuna njira zowonjezera kuteteza kuwonongeka ndi kutentha kochepa. Koma ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti maluwa ayenera kubzalidwa pamtunda wokwera, pomwe pansi pamakhala madzi osagwa nthawi yamvula. Chinyezi chambiri chimakhala chowopsa cha kuzizira kwa mbewu zonse za bulb nthawi yachisanu ikadzazidwa panthaka.
M'malo omwe chivundikiro cha chipale chofewa chimakhala chosakwanira, chivundikiro chowonjezera cha dzinja m'nyengo yozizira chingafunikire. Momwe mungasungire maluwa achisanu komanso momwe angachitire izi zafotokozedwa pansipa.
Poyamba, tikulemba mndandanda wamomwe mungakhalire maluwa a nthawi yachisanu m'munda mwathu. Izi zitha kukhala: utuchi ndi peat, kompositi ndi nthambi za nthambi zowoneka bwino, zokutira nkhuni ndi zidutswa za denga lokwiriritsa, kuyimitsa, kumata, pulasitiki ndikuluka. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito masamba omwe agwera m'munda ndi nkhalango pazolinga izi. Ndi malo okondera nyengo yachisanu m'malo osiyanasiyana tizirombo zobiriwira. Malo abwino oti nthawi yachisanu chisungire nyengo yake yozizira idzapangitsa anthu ake kukhala ambiri ndipo kasupewo amangoononga mphukira za maluwa. Kuteteza bwino ku tizirombo - coniferous pogona la chisanu.
Maluwa ayenera kuphimbidwa kumapeto kwa Okutobala, chisanu woyamba atagwa ndikusungunuka. Shelter ikupangidwa sabata patatha izi. Chotsani chovala, makamaka ngati filimu imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndikofunikira kuti chivundikiro cha chisanu chisungunuke.
