Pakati pa mababu amkati pali mbewu zambiri zowala ndi nyenyezi zachikondi. Kwa mutu wazokongoletsa zamkati kwambiri zamkati komanso ma hyacinths, amaryllis ndi zephyranthes, gabrantus ikhoza kupikisana. Izi zikungoyamba kumene chikhalidwe chake cholima cham'nyumba, chomwe sichingachititse chidwi pamasamba ogulitsa maluwa. Zazikulu, zokhala ndi ma toni oterera a pinki, maluwa okongola kwambiri pamtunda wapamwamba kwambiri amawoneka ofatsa kwambiri kuti amatha kuvutika ngakhale pang'ono chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa mpweya. Ngakhale maonekedwe awo, gabrantus amatha pakupirira kwawo ndi kusagonja kwawo amatha kupatsa mwayi ena owopsa.
Envulopu yachipinda - ulemu wamba.
Malo marigolds - Kufotokozera kwa mbewu
Pakati pa nyenyezi zokongola modabwitsa, zowoneka bwino, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale zowala za banja la Amaryllis gabrantus, ndizotengera dzina lodziwika bwino. Imakhala yachilendo komanso yapadera ngakhale pachikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe kapena cholimidwa kudula. Ndipo zipinda zimawoneka ngati zachilendo konse. Osakhala achikuda kwambiri, osati chokopa kwambiri, komaji, nthawi zonse amakhala malo apadera posonkhanitsa amateur. Ndipo yabwino pakukula mzipinda zogona.
Gabranthus ndi maluwa a maluwa obiriwira m'mapiri, ozolowera nthaka youma komanso mwachilengedwe opirira kwambiri. Munjira zambiri, zomwe zimachokera ku mbeu zaku South America izi zimapangitsa kutsimikizika kwawo mu chikhalidwe chachipinda. Gabranthus amapezeka m'malo amiyala a Uruguay ndi Argentina. M'mbuyomu, gabrantus adaphatikizidwa mu genera la amaryllis ndi zephyranthes, koma adalandilidwa bwino ndipo adasinthidwa ngati mtundu wazomera zokha.
Gabranthus nthawi zambiri amagulitsa ndi kulengeza pansi pa mayina omwe adalandira chifukwa cha kukhudza maluwa - kakombo wamatsenga ndi kakombo wamvula. Kuchokera ku Greek, dzina la chomera limamasulira "maluwa osalala."
Gabranthus nthawi yomweyo amatulutsa ma peduniking ndi masamba. Chowala, chochepa thupi, komanso ndi mtundu wowuma, ndikupaka kumapeto kwa masamba a chomera kufika 20 cm. Babu imodzi imatulutsa masamba opitilira 3, omwe amalola kuti gululo likhalebe ngati "bushility". Mababu ku gabrantus ndi ochepa, ovate, omwe ali ndi mafinya osakanikirana.
Kunyada kwakukulu kwa omaliza maphunzirowa ndi maluwa osakhwima, apadera okhala ndi mawonekedwe okhwima komanso mawonekedwe achikondi. Alibe maluwa osangalatsa achibale a Amaryllis, koma pali chiyambi komanso kuyera kwa mizere ndi mitundu.
Mitengo yayitali, yokongola, yopanda masamba kutalika 20 mpaka 30 masentimita imakhala ndi maluwa amodzi. Ndi mainchesi mpaka 6 masentimita, maluwa amawonekerabe akulu komanso akuwala. Tubular, ndi mitundu isanu ndi umodzi yapamwamba, imakhala ngati kakombo pokhapokha. Corolla ili pa ngodya kupita kwa ma peduncles, mawonekedwe a lobes ndiwotakata, ozungulira, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi phokoso lonyentchera. Kapangidwe kakang'ono ka miyala ya m'miyala kumapangitsa maluwa ake kukhudza kwambiri.
Utoto wamtundu wa envulopu nthawi zambiri umatsitsidwa kuti ukhale wapinki - wosakhwima, wamadzi, wosalala, koma wapadera ndi lollipop. Koma lero pamashelefu mutha kupeza gabrantus wamatumba amitundu yosiyanasiyana - yamkuwa, yofiira komanso yowala kwambiri.
Mitundu ya utoto wa malo imakhala ya pinki, koma masiku ano mitundu yonse yachikasu ndi lalanje imaberekedwa.
Mitundu yamavulopu am'chipinda
Zaulimi muzipinda gwiritsani ntchito mitundu itatu yokha ya maluwa omwe ali ndi maluwa akulu kwambiri.
Gabrantus mwachidule wamphamvu (Habranthus brachyandrus) ndi mtundu wamaluwa akuluakulu omwe amatulutsa mabelu mpaka masentimita 10 ndi pinki wowala, wowala pang'ono komanso makosi olimbitsa ndi rasipiberi hue, yemwe mitsempha yapinki yowala imakwaniritsa bwino. Zovala zazitali ndi kutalika kwa 30 cm zimawoneka zazitali komanso zazifupi. Mababu ndi ovoid, ang'ono, maluwa otulutsa maluwa pambuyo pake masamba.
Wamphamvu kwambiri (Habranthus robustus) - chomera chosalala chokhala ndi mababu ang'onoang'ono ndi maulendo ochepa owonda mpaka 30 cm, wokhala ndi korona pinki, maluwa osalala.
Gabrantus tubular wokutira (Habranthus tubispathus) ndi mawonekedwe ocheperapo okhala ndi masikelo opita mpaka 20cm komanso okwera pamababu. Masamba ndi owala, ambiri, amatulutsa maluwa pambuyo pa kukula kwa peduncle. Kusintha kwamitundu ya maluwa kumaphatikizapo pinki, ndi mkuwa, ndi mithunzi yachikasu.
Zomera zambiri zopendekera zomwe zimayimiriridwa mu chikhalidwe chamchipinda, zomwe zimapezeka m'mashelufu limodzi ndi nyengo zam'munda, ndi mbewu zam'munda, ndizovala zamitundu mitundu. Mitundu yowoneka bwino ya pinki ndi yofiirira, mitundu yapinki yopepuka monga "Hortensis", "Alipore Kukongola" kapena "Mary", ndi ma hybrids omwe ali ndi machitidwe otukuka, omwe amasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa akuluakulu ndi makola amadzi.
Gabrantus waufupi (Habranthus brachyandrus).
Wamphamvu Gabrantus (Habranthus robustus).
Gabrantus tubular ounikira (Habranthus tubispathus).
Zofunikira pakukula kwa m'chipinda
Gabranthus ndi zomera zochulukitsa zomwe zimakhutira ndi zochitika wamba zachipinda. Kuwala kowala ndi kutentha kumakhala kofunikira kwa iwo komanso kwa kukakamiza kulikonse, koma kukula kwakeko ndizopilira kutentha kwambiri.
Pachikhalidwe, nthawi yotsika ya gabrantus imatha pakati pa chilimwe mpaka Okutobala, koma mu chikhalidwe cham'chipinda chimasinthira mwanjira yachisanu. Pakadali pano, mbewuyo imasungidwa bwino ndikuwombedwa. Kuwala ndi kukula kwamphamvu ndikofunika kwambiri kwa iye kuposa kutentha.
Kuyatsa ndi kuyika
Kwa maenvulopu ndikwabwino kusankha malo osangalatsa kwambiri m'malo onse omwe amapezeka mnyumba. Izi zochulukirapo zitha kubzala kokha pazenera, m'madzuwa, m'chipinda chowala ndi mawindo akumwera kapena pang'ono kumwera. M'nyengo yotentha, pakati pa kuwala kwa masana, chomera chimatha kuvutika ndi kupsa kapena kupukutira kwa masamba, makamaka ngati kutentha kumapitirira madigiri 25. Pakadali pano, maenvelopu amakonda kuyatsa magetsi.
Kwa nthawi yopuma, maenvulopu amasinthidwa kupita kumthunzi, kuteteza ku kuwala.
Kutentha ndi mpweya wabwino
Gabrantus ndi wa gulu lokonda kutentha kwambiri, woganizira ngakhale kuzizira pang'ono. Ngati m'munda wachikhalidwe chokha chimangosungidwa kunja kwa dothi, ngakhale kum'mwera, ndiye kuti muchipinda chamtchire iwo amawerengedwa kuti ndi mbewu zomwe zimatha kusintha nyengo kuti ikhale.
Ngakhale munthawi yogwira, garanthus amalola malo ozizira, chifukwa chake mbewu izi nthawi zambiri zimathamangitsidwa ngati maluwa ozizira. Mitundu yovomerezeka yotsimikizirayo ndi madigiri 2-3. Kutentha kokwanira kwamlengalenga kumakhala pafupifupi madigiri 23-25 panthawi yakukonzekera kogwira ntchito. Kwa matalala, ndikangotsitsa masamba ndikuchepetsa ulimi wothirira, ndibwino kusamutsa envulopu kuti izizizirira, mzipinda zokhala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya kosachepera madigiri 3-5 Mtengo wokwanira wazizindikiro kwa nthawi yonse yopumira ndi kutentha kwa 10-12 degrees.
M'chilimwe, garantoussi imatha kupita kumweya watsopano. Mpweya wabwino pafupipafupi ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zothandizira kupewa mbewa ndi matenda a chomera ichi.
Gabrantus ndi wa gulu lokonda kutentha kwambiri, woganizira ngakhale kuzizira pang'ono.
Kusamalira Panyumba
Ngakhale gawo lokhala ndi matalala athunthu, ngakhale kutaya masamba, kutchetchera kumafunikira chisamaliro ngakhale atasungidwa mumdima komanso ozizira. Koma ngakhale pakadali pano, monga nthawi yamasamba yogwira, simungathe kuyitanitsa zovuta za mbewu. Gabrantus amafunikira kuthirira mokhazikika, kuvala bwino kwambiri komanso mayeso mosamala.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Munthawi ya kukula ndi kukula kwachangu, kuyambira pa nthawi yoyambira kukula kwa muvi wamaluwa mpaka kumapeto kwa maluwa, ma grapens amafunika kuthirira kambiri. Kuchita mopitilira muyeso ndizowopsa kwa iwo monga momwe ziliri ndi mababu ena, koma dothi limayenera kukhalabe lonyowa. Pakati kuthirira basi nthaka yapamwamba imaloledwa kuti ome. Popewa kuzizira, madzi ochokera m'matumba amatsaniridwa nthawi yomweyo mutathirira.
Kutsirira kumachepetsedwa osati pafupipafupi, koma ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chiyambi cha kufa kwa masamba, atayanika, njira zamadzi izi zimachulukirachulukira mpaka zitasinthira pafupifupi pouma. Pakadali pano, ma weevils amathiriridwa madzi okha kuti mababu asamayime ndipo mutha kugwira ntchito mosamalitsa, ndikungokhala ndi madzi ochepa, ndikusiya dothi limakhala louma nthawi zonse. Kukonzanso kuyambiranso kuthirira kumachitika pang'onopang'ono, kukulitsa kuthirira limodzi ndi kuyamba kwa masamba.
Gabranthus amatha kusintha malo mchipinda ndipo safunika kupanga mpweya wonyowa. Kudulira mankhwalawa kwa mbewuzi sikuchitika, kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kwa iwo sikufunikira kuti kupangidwe.
Feteleza ndi kuphatikizira feteleza
Feteleza m'madzi okuthirira kwa gabrantus amawagwiritsa ntchito pokhapokha panthaka yolimba komanso nthawi yonse ya maluwa. Zomera, kuvala mwachizolowezi pafupipafupi nthawi 1 m'masabata 2-3 ndi koyenera. Feteleza limayimilira maluwa ndipo limayambiranso kokha chomera chikadzayamba kukula.
Mitundu inayi ya feteleza angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi ma gauge - pazomera zamaluwa, bulbous, amaryllis kapena njira zapamwamba zothetsera feteleza wachilengedwe.
Gabrantus wakula ndi anyezi umodzi mumbale zazing'ono, ndi mbewu 2-3 mumphika umodzi wapakatikati.
Thirani ndi gawo lapansi
Mosiyana ndi mankhwala ochulukitsa ochulukirapo, maukonde olimbirana samasinthidwa osati pambuyo pa nyengo yokulira komanso nyengo isanazime, koma ngati mbewu wamba wamba koyambirira kwa gawo lolimba. Chizindikiro chokweza mbewu sichikuyenera kukhala masana masana komanso nthawi zina, koma chiyambi cha kukula kwa masamba atsopano. Zingowoneka, mbewuzo zimasulidwa, kenako ndikubwezeretsanso kukayatsa kowala. Ngati chopereka cha ma bulb ndi chachikulu, ndiye kuti ndikusintha ndikuyenera kuchitika kumayambiriro kwa gawo lanyumba.
Kwa ma geji sankhani zotengera zolimba ndi utali wabwino komanso mabowo apamwamba kwambiri. Kwa mtundu wachilengedwe wachilengedwe wamtunduwu amakonda - zoumba komanso dongo.
Sakhala ndi mababu ambiri, koma pakapita zaka zingapo amakula. Pa izi, mbewu nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito ndikusintha kwachaka (ndikugawa nthawi 1 mu zaka 2-3).
Gawo lamvulopu liyenera kukhala lotayirira, lozungulira mokwanira, lokhala ndi zinthu zambiri zapakhosi, zopatsa thanzi kwambiri komanso mawonekedwe amchenga. Kwa izi mbewu, zosakaniza zapanthawi zonse zopumira zimasankhidwa, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi pepala, dothi louma, mchenga wowuma ndi humus kapena dothi la greenhouse m'malo ofanana. Kutsegula zowonjezera za inert zitha kuwonjezeredwa kuti zipangidwe bwino.
Gabrantus wakula ndi anyezi umodzi mumbale zazing'ono, ndi mbewu 2-3 mumphika umodzi wapakatikati. Chomera sichimayikidwa m'magulu akulu, ndikabzala zolimba, maluwa amakula, mababu atha. Pakati pa mababu kusiya mtunda wa 1-2 cm.
Chinthu chachikulu mukabzala mababu ndikuwona kuya kwakuya. Pamwamba pa babu, khosi limayenera kukhala pamwamba pamzere wa dothi (nthawi zambiri limachoka mpaka ¼ la babu pamwamba pa nthaka). Kubzala kumachitika chifukwa cha shrinkage panthaka mutathirira. Dothi lozungulira bulb limamizidwa pang'onopang'ono, koma osapangidwa kwambiri. Pansi pa zotengera panali patali, mpaka ½ kutalika kwa miphika, mitsuko yokuta. Gabrantus amakula bwino ndikukongoletsa mulching nthaka.
Matenda, tizirombo ndi mavuto akukula
Gabranthus amalimbana ndi tizirombo tina tambiri. Ma nsabwe za m'masamba zokha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti masamba asungunuke ndi zina, zimatha kukhumudwitsa eni zipinda za marigolds. Ndikofunika kulimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba nthawi yomweyo ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Ndikulowetsa madzi nthawi zonse, mbewu zimavutika ndi zowola, pamenepa ndizongowonjezera mwadzidzidzi ndikutulutsa mababu mu fungicides ndikuchotsa mizu yowonongeka ndi magawo angathandize.
M'nyengo yotentha, ndikofunikira kutenga maenvulopu mumkati mwatsopano - iyi ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yopewera matenda ndi tizirombo.
Kufalikira kwa akatswiri
Izi zochulukitsa zimapanga mwana wamkazi, ndipo ndikaziika, garanthus zimafalitsa, ndikulekanitsa ana ngati mbewu zodziyimira pawokha. Olimba, mababu achikulire pamlingo woyenera amatha kukula mpaka ana 4-5 wazaka 2-3. Atalekanitsa, mababu ang'onoang'ono amabzalidwa m'magulu awiriwa osaya ndipo amakula bwino, nthawi yayitali itatha, ndikuikamo monga mphesa zachikulire.
Gabranthus amathanso kubzala kuchokera ku mbewu, ngakhale njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri m'nyumba chifukwa cha zovuta za njirayi, kutalika kwa kudikirira, komanso mtengo wosagwirizana podziyerekeza ndi kufalikira kwam'mera.
Mbewu za Gabrantus zimafesedwa mumchenga wosakanizika wamchenga, womwe kale umakhala wothira mfuti.
Zomera zimangoyendayenda zokha zikamakula, nthawi zambiri mchaka chachiwiri, zimamera m'mabowo wamba mpaka mababu ang'onoang'ono atapangidwa, ndipo pokhapokha amayamba kukula m'mbale zazing'ono kapena m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Musanaphuke ndi kupanga bulb yathunthu, muyenera kudikira osachepera zaka 6.
