Phlox awl

Phlox yooneka ngati ma awl yapezeka ndi dzina chifukwa cha mawonekedwe masamba: yopendekera, yolimba, yoloza, yofanana ndi "maulalo" ang'ono. Amadziwikanso kuti kalapeti, zokwawa, ndipo kunyumba, ku North America, amatchedwa chinsalu cha moss.

Kugawidwa ku United States kuchokera kumwera kwa Lake Ontario kupita ku North Carolina, kum'mawa kwa Tennessee komanso kumadzulo kupita ku Michigan. Kuthengo, nthawi zambiri imamera pamiyala yamiyala ndi mapiri owuma mchenga, komanso pamithunzi yowoneka bwino.

Phlox awl woboola pakati, yoyera. © 영철 이

Kutalika kwa mtengowo kuli pafupifupi masentimita 15 mpaka 17. Amapangira timitengo tating'ono tokongola nthawi zonse. Zoyala zam'mimba zazifupi kwambiri zimakhala zophimbidwa kwathunthu ndi masamba ang'ono, yopapatiza, yakuthwa komanso yolimba mpaka 2 cm. Zomwe zimayambira zimatha ndi ma peduncles okhala ndi maluwa amodzi kapena awiri lirilonse. Maluwa okhala ndi masentimita pafupifupi 25 mm, ofiira, oyera, ofiirira, amtundu wa lilac a makiyi osiyanasiyana, omwe amatengedwa 5-7 m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a inflorescence, nthawi zina osakhala amodzi. Corolla yofalikira padera, yosakhazikika kumapeto kwa mizu. Limamasula kuyambira m'ma Meyi mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka khumi za June, kachiwiri komanso pang'ono - mu Ogasiti - Seputembala.

Zosakhazikika-yozizira.

Mu chikhalidwe, tsopano ndizovuta kwambiri kupeza mtundu uwu wa phlox. Chochulukacho ndichomwe chimakhala ndi mitundu yake ya zipatso ndi mitundu, yomwe ilipo yambiri. Ndiwokongoletsera weniweni waminda yamiyala, yomasunga khoma, yosakanikirana ndi mitundu ina ya maluwa okongoletsa minda ndi malo.

Phlox awl woboola pakati, wapinki wokhala ndi zoyera. © ajari Phlox awl woboola pakati, wabuluu. © ajari Phlox awl woboola pakati, wapinki. © ajari

Mitengo yowoneka ngati tchire ndiyabwino kuyambira koyambirira kwam'mawa mpaka matalala awo atakhala obiriwira, ngakhale kusunga zobiriwira pansi pa chipale chofewa. Ndipo nthawi yamaluwa, kumapeto kwa Meyi komanso kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June, makapeti okhala ndi mawonekedwe a awl amakhala owoneka bwino ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana mithunzi (yoyera, yabuluu, yapinki, yofiyira, yokhala ndi maso owala, mikwingwirima kapena popanda iwo). Ngakhale maluwa a phlox okwawa ndi ochepa (ali ndi mainchesi osapitirira 2 cm), maluwa awo ndi ochulukirachulukira kotero kuti pansi pa chikuto chokhazikika cha maluwa, maluwa obiriwira sawonekera ndipo amakhala pafupifupi mwezi. M'mikhalidwe yabwino, kukonzanso kwamaluwa kumatha kuchitika mu Seputembara.

Ku Europe, mitundu yoyamba ya phlox inaonekera ku England. Komabe, pachiyambipo, ngakhale m'minda yodziwika bwino ya Chingerezi, mitundu ya mitundu ya maluwa idakulidwa, yomwe idatumizidwa kwa P. Collins mu 1745 ndi D. Bartram kuchokera kummawa kwa North America. Pali umboni kuti mu 1746, Wotchuka wapaulendo wapa Chingerezi komanso wokhazikitsa mbewu R. Farrer adabweranso kunyumba ndi macheke angapo. Adatcha mwambowu kukhala wachimwemwe chifukwa cha maluwa. Ma phloxes oyambanso kulima oyambilira anali mitundu ingapo yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa ndi kutalika kosiyanasiyana.

Phlox awl woboola pakati, wapinki. © 영철 이

Pang'onopang'ono, alimi a maluwa amasankha mitundu yatsopano yomwe imawoneka chifukwa cha masinthidwe achilengedwe ndi kusakanizidwa. Masiku ano, oyambitsa ma phloxes amakono azowoneka bwino, nthawi zambiri, kulibenso. M'minda yathu, minda ya hybrids yamaluwa yomwe idapangidwa zaka zambiri zapitazo. Maumboni oyamba m'mabuku onena za ma ppox amaoneka ngati awl amapezeka mu 1696. Ku Russia, buku loyamba la phloxes lidasindikizidwa mu 1948 (M.P. Bedinghaus "Perennial Phlox"). Anakhala ntchito yoyamba mu Chirasha phlox yosatha, pomwe wolemba bukuli adafotokoza za mitundu ya ma phloxes, kuphatikizapo phlox wooneka ngati awl.

Tsoka ilo, palibe ma phloxes okhala ngati awombo - mwachionekere, pazifukwa zomwe mtunduwu nthawi zambiri samapanga njere. Zomwe tili ndi mitundu yakunja ndi ma hybrids omwe adapangidwa ku England, Germany, Holland, USA, France, Japan. Olemba zozizwitsa izi ndi Arens otchuka padziko lonse lapansi, Lahoda, Bootham, Drake, Bloom, Millstream, Haussermann.

Malo

Phlox yooneka ngati mkaka - chomera komanso pulasitiki kwambiri - imatha kupirira zovuta zomwe zikukula. Ndipo, kuti chiwonekere chowoneka bwino komanso chophuka kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale nyengo yachilengedwe; miyala kapena miyala yamchenga youma, malo otsetsereka. Chofunikira chachikulu posankha malo a phlox ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwala ndi dzuwa: izi mbewu ndizithunzi kwambiri. Psox yooneka ngati tchire - mbewu sizigwirizana ndi chilala ndipo sizilekerera chinyezi. Kubzala m'malo okhala ndi madzi ochulukirapo ndiye cholakwika chofala kwambiri chamaluwa oyambira: chifukwa chake, mbewuyo imawoneka ngati yofooka, siyipereka chithunzithunzi "chopitilira mosabisa" kenako ndikufa.

Phlox awl woboola pakati maluwa. © ajari

Zotsogola zabwino kwambiri za phlox ndi zitsamba zopeyala zosatha, tagete, calendula ndi mbewu zina zomwe nematode sakonda. Simungathe kudzala phlox pambuyo pa sitiroberi zamtchire, chifukwa ndi mankhwala omwe amakonda a nematode. Monga mbewu zobiriwira zilizonse, phlox yooneka ngati chiwombera iyenera kubzalidwa m'malo okhala ndi chipale chofewa chokwanira nthawi yozizira.

Dothi

Ma phloxes awa amatha kumverera bwino pama dothi omasuka, osawuka, owuma. Chifukwa chonde kwambiri, zimakhala zobiriwira zambiri, koma zimaphuka pang'ono. Kuthengo, zimamera dothi losauka, ndi pH pafupi kwambiri ndi ndale. Amadziwika kuti kudera la Moscow madothi ndi acidic. Ma macroelements ndiwosatheka kwa mbewu m'nthaka yokhala acidic, ndipo ma microelements sangathe kugwira nthaka yamchere, chifukwa chake dothi limawumbidwa musanadzalemo ma phloxes osawoneka bwino. Kutengera mtundu wa dothi, muyezo wa laimu ukhoza kukhala 200-400 g / m2. Poimitsa, laimu kapena ufa wa dolomite nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo ntchito yake imatheka pokhapokha posakaniza ufa ndi dothi. Pa dothi lolemera, mchenga uyeneranso kuwonjezedwa musanabzike.

Tikufika

Popeza mizu ya nthaka yophimba phlox imagona osaya (akuya masentimita 5 mpaka 15), mbewu zitha kukhala zokhutira ndi dothi laling'ono lapansi. Pokonzekera dothi kuti mubzale, ndikofunikira kusankha bwino mizu ya namsongole wosatha, chifukwa chomeracho, chophukacho kudzera mu sod, chitha kuwononga mawonekedwe omwe mudabzala, ndikuwachotsa popanda kuwononga chomera chomwe chakhala chovuta ndichovuta kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake chochitika chachikulu pakulima kwa phlox chooneka ngati chovunda chimakhala chokhazikika komanso chapanthawi yake. Ndikokwanira kubzala mbewu zazing'ono pamtunda wa 25-30 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, ndipo patatha zaka 1-2, ma phloxes amapanga carpet mosatha. Kuti muchepetse njirayi, ndikofunikira kuwola ndi kuwongolera zimayambira mbali yoyenera, ndikuzikhomera kunthaka kapena kuwaza ndi lapansi. Chimodzi mwazinthu za plox ya styloid ndikukula msanga kwa mphukira zake (mu zaka 2-3 zimakula mpaka kutalika kwa 40 cm) ndi kuzika kwawo m'malo a nthambi.

Phlox awl woboola pakati. © Kropsoq

Chisamaliro

Chisamaliro chimachepetsedwa ndikumachotsa, kuthilira ndi kuvala pamwamba: musanayambe maluwa, munthawi yogwira mbewu, ndikofunikira kuti muwadyetse feteleza wa nayitrogeni-potaziyamu, ndipo pakati pa chilimwe - pangani feteleza wathunthu wa mchere. Ndi malo osankhidwa bwino, dothi labwino komanso chisamaliro choyenera, ma carpento a phlox amasungabe zokongoletsera zawo zaka zinayi kapena zisanu kapena kupitirira apo. Zomera zam'madzi zotchedwa phloxes zimawoneka ngati mbewu zosagwira ozizira, koma nyengo yotentha, yofunda yokhala ndi chivundikiro chachikulu cha chipale chofewa, masamba awo ndi zimayambira akhoza vytryvat. Zomera zimataya zokongoletsera zake, koma chisamaliro chabwino zimachira msanga.

Kuphatikiza kwa humus kumathandizira kukulitsa bwino komanso maluwa ambiri. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ma phloxeswa sangapundikidwe ngati ma bearded beets, apo ayi mbewuzo, monga momwe akunenera, zimasenda ndipo "ndikupita kumtunda", misa yobiriwira imakhala yamphamvu komanso yokongola, koma maluwa adzasanduka ofooka.

Phlox awl woboola pakati. © Sonja Lovas

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mbeu zikufunika kudyetsedwa, kapena mukufunadi kuchita izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito phulusa la nkhuni. Mulibe nayitrogeni mu phulusa, koma pali zonse zazikulu ndi zazikulu. Kukonzekera phulusa la phulusa, 300-350 g la phulusa liyenera kuthiridwa ndi malita awiri a madzi, owiritsa osaposa mphindi 10, utakhazikika, kusefedwa ndi kuchepetsedwa mu 10 malita a madzi. Njira yotereyi itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mavalidwe apamwamba apamwamba. Njira yothetsera phulusa imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati njira yothanirana ndi tizirombo ta phlox - imakhala ndi chithaphwi, mwa kuyankhula kwina, imaletsa kuchulukana kwa mitundu yambiri ya tizirombo.

Kumpoto komwe mbewu zimafuna malo okhala nthawi yachisanu, nthambi zokhala ndi zipatso zochulukirapo ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo bwino - spruce, iwo acidides nthaka pang'ono. Tsamba louma lotsekeramo ma psoxes owoneka ngati siloyenera; limangogwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati pobzala mbewu zopanda masamba. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, pofuna kuthandiza ma phloxes kuti achire msanga, mutha kuthira madzi ndi yofooka yofewetsa, izi zimathandizira kukula ndi kukula kwa mizu.

Monga ma phloxes ena, mbewu zomwe zimakhala zaka zopitilira zisanu ziyenera kubwezeretsedwanso, popeza zimayambira kale zimapangika pang'onopang'ono, masamba amafa paiwo, mitengo yamtengo itawoneka pamitengo yobiriwira mpaka pano, kukongoletsa kumatayika. Kuphatikiza apo, mbewu zakale zimatha kutenga matenda osiyanasiyana. Maluwa pa tchire okulirapo kuposa zaka zisanu, monga lamulo, amakula ang'onoang'ono, maluwa si ochuluka, mbewu zimawoneka ngati zopanda mphamvu, zikuwoneka ngati zopanda pake.

Phlox awl woboola pakati, yoyera ndi yapinki. © Maja Dumat

Kuswana

Masamba mwanjira komanso seminal. Njira yosavuta komanso yodziwika bwino yogawa chitsamba. Kuika ndi kugawa ndi bwino kuchita koyambirira kwamasika. Mtunda pakati pa mbewu amasankhidwa poganizira kutalika kwa chitsamba ndi nthawi yokhala malo amodzi, kuyambira 35-45 mpaka 50-60 cm.

M'machitidwe mafakitale, kubadwanso kwa phlox ndi tsinde lodulidwa kumathandiza kwambiri. Zidula zimadulidwa musanaphuke. Zodula ziyenera kukhala ndi malo osachepera awiri. Akakonzedwa ndi tsinde kudulidwa "ndi chidendene" iwo amatengedwa mu April, kumayambiriro kwa mphukira kukula. Mu chomera cha chiberekero, mphukira za masentimita aitali ndi theka zimadulidwa, ndikuzilekanitsa mwachindunji ndi rhizome. Izi zodula mizu mwachangu ndipo pofika nthawi yophukira zimatulutsa zomela zomwe zimaphuka bwino.

Zodulidwa zimabzalidwa m'mabokosi kapena pazidutswa zokhala ndi dothi lachonde, ndi mchenga wosambitsidwa wamtsinje, wosinthika ndikuthilira katatu tsiku lililonse ndi madzi ofunda. Pofalitsa mitundu yamtengo wapatali, yoperekedwa ochepa, gwiritsani ntchito masamba odulidwa. Masamba asanaphuke amadulidwa ndi mbali ya tsinde. Gawo lam'munsi la pepalalo ndi chidendene limalowetsedwa mosabisa mumchenga wonyowa kapena bokosi lofufuza, wokutidwa ndi galasi ndikuwazidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Zodulidwa mizu zimapatsa mbeu zing'onozing'ono zomwe, pomwe kasupe wobzalidwa m'nthaka, amapatsa mbewu zonse pofika nthawi yophukira.

Mitundu yotsika komanso yotsika imafalikira makamaka pogawa tchire ndi tsinde.
Kubzala mbewu kumachitika pang'ono. Mbewu zofesedwa mu kugwa panja kapena mbande mu February. Kumayambiriro kasupe, mphukira yochezeka imawonekera, yomwe imayamba ndi woyamba kapena wachiwiri masamba owona. Ndikofunika kupewa kupukuta dothi. Mu kasupe wa chaka chamawa, mbewu zimabzalidwa pamalo okhazikika.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Chomera chimagwidwa ndi ufa wa mtundu wa powdery ndi mbozi zomwe zimawononga tsinde. Kugonjetsedwa kwa mboziyo kumawonekera pokhota komanso zopota zofiirira pamasamba, zomwe zimatha kudzetsa mbewuyo kufa. Zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa ziyenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo. M'malo mwawo simungathe kubzala phlox zaka zingapo. Chomera chimadwala chifukwa chokhala ndi mpweya wabwino, kusowa kwa madzi ndi feteleza. Chifukwa chake, musabzale phloxes pafupi kwambiri, pakati pa abwenzi apamwamba komanso pamaso pa makoma omwe amateteza kumphepo. Pezani zodzala zathanzi zokha.

Phlox awl woboola pakati. © Zanchetta Fabio

Zosiyanasiyana

Aurora ('Aurora') - duwa ili pafupi loyera, lili ndi utoto wotuwa wa pinki, limawoneka loyera m'munda wamaluwa. Maonekedwe a duwa ndi stellate. Diamita 2.4 cm.Ikupanga makapeti 12 cm kutalika - kutentha kwenikweni kwa chipale chofewa.

Amazin Chisomo - ve (''Chisomo chodabwitsa') - duwa ili loyera ndi maso owala ngati carmine. Danga 1.8 cm.

'G. F. Wilson' ('G. F. Wilson') - duwa la lavenda-buluu, wokhala ngati nyenyezi. Diameta 1.8 cm. Amapanga ma carpets mpaka 20 cm, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi amtundu wamphamvu kwambiri. Nthambi zambiri, zimachulukana bwino. Kufalikira mnyumba yobiriwira.

'Thumbelina' ('Dujmovotcshka') - duwa la utoto wofiirira wozizira bwino wokhala ndimaso amdima. Diamita 1.6 masentimita. Amapanga makapeti okhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 10-15. Tsamba ndilobiriwira lakuda. Ikukula mwachangu.

Coral Ai ('Diso la Coral') - duwa loyera la pinki lokhala ndi diso la carmine, loyang'ana nyenyezi. Diamita 2.0 cm.Ikupanga makatapeti 12 cm.Yimakula komanso kuchulukana bwino.

'Zovala Maswiti ('Mikwingwirima') - duwa ili loyera ndi mzere wotuwa wapinki pakati pa petal kutalika kwake konse. Diamita 1.9 cm.Apanga makatoni 10cm.Maluwa ndi ochulukirapo, opaka, lalitali. Amakondwera ndi chikondi chapadera komanso kutchuka chifukwa cha mawonekedwe osangalatsa achilendo. Imafanana ndi poto-phlox yosiyanasiyana yothedwa nzeru "Mishenka".

Mayne ('Maischnee') - duwa loyera-loyera, chipale chofewa. Diam 1.5 cm. Amapanga makatoni 8-10 cm.Modzi mwa mitundu yoyera komanso yoyera yodziwika bwino. Poyerekeza ndi zomera zowala bwino, imawonekeradi ndi kuyera kwake.

Nettleton Variegata ('Netteleto tasgata') - duwa ndi pinki. Diameta 1.7 cm.Akupanga makapeti 10 cm.Oyenera kukhala mitundu yosiyanasiyananso. Masamba ndiwobiriwira ndi mawonekedwe oyera a pinki; padzuwa malire amakhala pinki. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera chokongoletsera masamba chokongoletsera maluwa aliwonse.

Makearia ('Mwalonga') - Maluwa a lilac okhala ndi diso la carmine, loyang'ana nyenyezi. Diam 2.3 masentimita. Amapanga makatapeti 12 cm.Iyenera kukhala ndi maluwa akutalika kwambiri.

'Temiskaming' ('Zotsatira') - duwa limakhala lowala kwambiri, lofiirira wakuda. Diam 2.0 masentimita 5. Imakhala yopanga matapeti 15c. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwamphamvu, nthambi zokhazikika zomwe zimayambira ndi sod wandiweyani. Zofalitsidwa bwino ndi odulidwa. Kuyambira 1956, ndimodzi mwa mitundu yomwe idagulidwa kwambiri.

Yopezekanso pamsika:

• 'Appel Blossom' - maluwa apinki;
• 'Atropurpurea' - wodabwitsa, wokhala ndi maluwa ofiira a pinki amaso akuda.
• 'Avalanche' -modzi;
• Maluwa a 'Daisy Hill'-pinki;
• `Leuchtstern` - maluwa ofiira. Zipilala ndizokhuthala kwambiri.
• 'Moerheimii' - maluwa apinki okhala ndi maso ofiira;
• `Ronsdorfer Schone` - maluwa a salmon-pinki;
• 'Samisoni' - maluwa ndi pinki wowala;
• `Thomasini` - maluwa ndi a buluu;
• 'Zowoneka' - maluwa ndi ofiira pinki, ozungulira. Sodomu ndi wandiweyani, amakula bwino. Imodzi mwabwino kwambiri.
• 'Kukondera Koyera' - maluwa oyera, amakula bwino, imodzi mwabwino kwambiri.

Phlox awl woboola pakati. © Zanchetta Fabio