Kusamalira chipinda choyenera kwa gerbera kunyumba

M'nyumba Gerbera - herbaceous osatha a banja la Astrovidae kapena Compositae, ali ndi mitundu yopitilira 70 ya maluwa. Mawonekedwe, amawoneka ngati chamomile, mpendadzuwa wochepa, kapena aster wokhala ndi mitundu yambiri, kupatula buluu. Ganizirani zoyambira kumusamalira kunyumba.

Maziko a Gerbera Home Care

Ndiosavuta kumusamalira. Kukongola uku ku Africa, chifukwa cha kupangika kwake konse, kumakhala ndi zokonda zake ndi mawonekedwe ake.

Kumasulira dothi mumphika - chofunikira pakukula kwa chiweto

Kumusamalira kumaphatikizapo:

• Kumasulira dothi.
• Kuchotsa masamba otaika.
• Kuyang'anira Tizilombo
• Kupanga microclimate yopanda kukula, maluwa ophukira

Gerbera atero pachimake kwambiri ngakhale nthawi yozizira, ndikamamupangira kuwala kwa maola khumi ndi awiri. Ndipo nthawi ya Juni - Ogasiti, amapuma, ndikuwonjezera malo obiriwira.

Ndikosavuta kukula chomera chokongola ngati zinthu zina zakonzedwa.

Chinyezi ndi kuthirira

Kuthirira, madzi ofunda, ofunda, omwe amakhazikika amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwake. Kuchulukitsa kudzatsogolera kukuvunda kwa mizu, chosasangalatsa ndikuchotsa maluwa, kuyanika kwa tsamba.

Ndikwabwino kutsanulira mthumba. Dontho pamasamba kapena zimayambira zimayambitsa mizu zowola. Osamwa mowa ndi mphindi 30. ndikofunika kuthira madziwo poto. Chinyezi chimasungidwa ndi chinyezi kapena kupopera tchire.

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, koma madzi sayenera kugwa pamaluwa.

Kutentha ndi kuyatsa.

Gerbera sakonda kusinthasintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha, koma chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake olekerera, ndikwanira kuyendetsa kayendetsedwe kake mu nthawi yotentha ndi mpweya.

Mpweya wabwino sungavulaze maluwa chifukwa chokana kukonzekera

Kutentha kumagwera mpaka +10 ndi pansi imayambitsa chiwopsezo chamaluwakuponya masamba. Ngakhale ndi gawo losavunda nyengo yopumira, payenera kukhala kusiyana pakulamulira kwa kutentha kwa dzinja - chilimwe.

Kutentha kwa chipinda kuyenera kusinthasintha pakati pa +16 - +20 m'chilimwe, +12 - +14 m'nyengo yozizira.

Kufunika kwounikira ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira pakukula duwa. Pa kukula, maola masana ayenera kukhala maola 12. Gerbera omasuka pazeneramoyang'anizana ndi mbali yakum'mawa kapena chakumadzulo kwa chipindacho.

Kupatsa mtengowo mphezi zowala, kutentha koyenera, mpweya wabwino, mutha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa maluwa mpaka kawiri pachaka.

Nthaka ndi feteleza

Pali dothi lopangidwa mwaluso kuti limere maluwa kunyumba, koma mutha kuphika nokha:

1. Kuphatikiza, pamenepa, magawo awiri a mapepala okhala ndi peat ndi mchenga wofanana.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito peat kokha chifukwa chodzala.
3. Sakanizani peat ndikusefukira mu mulingo wofanana.
4. Onjezani gawo limodzi la khungwa la coke ku magawo awiri a peat.

Mitundu iliyonse yamtunduwu kuphatikiza njira yoyenera yoyikira madzi imapereka zotsatira zabwino. Zakudya zam'madzi zimatengera zaka zawo.

Akuluakulu akukwana chimodzi kapena ziwiri za umuna pachaka, mbewu zazing'ono zimayenera kudyetsedwa mpaka katatu pamwezi. Feteleza amateteza monga matenda, achulukitsa maluwa.

Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika ndi njira yofooka ya feteleza wophatikizira wa mchere. Zamoyo zimavulaza gerbera. Nthawi yamaluwa imafuna potaziyamu zambiri, mtendere - nayitrogeni.

Momwe mungasankhire mphika

Kuti mukule maluwa okongola, muyenera kusankha bwino mphika. Zovomerezeka:

• Chatsopano, ceramic wokhala ndi mabowo amadzimadzi.
• Zaulere ndi kukhalapo kwa pallet.
• Poto uyenera kukhala wopangidwa ndi zinthu zopumira.

Matenda, tizirombo

Zomera zam'nyumba zimatha kutengera matenda omwe maluwa maluwa.

Spider mite

Amawoneka ngati kusowa chinyezi.

Spider mite

Popeza tapeza madera okhala ndi kaphikidwe kakang'ono pachomera, ndikofunikira kupewa kangaude:

• mankhwala ophera tizilombo kangapo
• sambani masamba bwino pansi pamadzi ofunda
• Pukutani bwino mbali zonse ziwiri.

Powdery mildew

Kutsika kwa kutentha, kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni, kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira kuthirira - kumayambitsa nthenda ya fungus. Ma gerberas achichepere makamaka amakhudzidwa.

Fungicides nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera.

Whitefly, aphid

Maonekedwe a tizirombo amatero kusowa chinyezi. Chizindikiro cha matendawa ndi mawonekedwe a mphutsi zazing'ono ndi nsikidzi zoyera, masamba achikasu ndi aulesi.

Chomera choterocho chimayenera kudzipatula kuti chisafalikire kuzomera zina zamkati. Kenako duwa liyenera kutsukidwa mosamala ndi yankho la madzi ofunda ndi sopo wobiriwira kapena wochapira ndikuwonekera ndi kukonzekera komwe kumakhala ndi permethrin.

Kuthirira nthawi - kamodzi pa masiku atatu mpaka kuchira kwathunthu.

Grey kapena yoyera

Itha kuwoneka pamene dothi lamadzi. Zikaoneka, lekani kuthirira, onjezani gawo lopanda kanthu, ndikuchiza ndi fungicides.

Kuola kwa khosi la muzu

Amatchedwa ngalande yopanda madzi komanso osayang'anitsitsa boma lothirira. Mawonekedwe a bulauni pamasamba, kupendekera kwawo kumawonetsa kuwonongeka kwa muzu ndi bowa.

Chomera choterocho chimafunikira chofunikira kuchokanirana mwachangu ndi kutsatira malamulo onse obzala gerbera.

Zojambula Zosamalira Zisanu

Tsikulo likayamba kufupikira, kuunikira kowonjezereka kumalimbikitsidwa. Malinga kuti gerbera izitha nyengo yachisanu pazenera, muyenera kuyimitsa mbale yamatabwa kapena thovu pansi pamphika. Adzasewera gawo loika mizu.

Kuswana

Chifukwa kuswana kwa gerbera muzipinda Njira zitatu zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito: kukulira mbewu kwa mbewu, kudula, kugawa chitsamba.

Mbewu

Kubzala gerbera kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba ndiye njira yayitali kwambiri, koma yosavuta. Optimum kufesa nthawi: m'ma Januware - 1 khumi a Epulo.

M'miphika yokonzedwa, ikani kusakaniza kwa peat (peat, mchenga wabwino, nthaka yamtundu), nyowetsani bwino. Fesani mbewu pamwamba ndikuwaza ndi lapansi. Phimbani ndi zojambulazo kapena magalasi, ndikupanga malo okhala obiriwira.

Za m'masiku 20 mphukira zoyambirira zidzaonekera. Kukula mpaka masamba 4 - 6, mbande zamphamvu zimayenera kuziwika kukhala timapoto tating'ono. Mtundu woyamba udzawonekera m'miyezi 10.

Kudula

Zimawononga nthawi yocheperapo komanso sizovuta. Kuchokera pachiberekero cha chiberekero, zodulidwa ndi masamba 1 mpaka 2, kukula kwa gawo, gawo la Rhizome liyenera kudulidwa ndikubzala mumphika wokonzedwa ndi dothi.

Kuti musinthe ndikufulumizitsa ntchito yolumikizira, mutha kuphimba phesi ndi phukusi, ndikuyika malo otentha, owala, onetsetsani kuti madzi ndi mpweya wabwino. Chomera cholimbiridwachi chimasinthidwa ku malo okhazikika. Cherenkovy nyengo - Meyi, Juni.

Kugawanitsa

Njira yodalirika yoperekera chitetezo cha zilembo zamitundu mitundu. Chitsamba chachikulire, chosachepera zaka 3-4, chimachotsedwa mosamala mumphika. Kuti muteteze ku matenda oyamba ndi fungus, kupha tizilombo ta manganese kumachitika.

Gawoli la chitsamba likuchitika ndi wamkulu chomera

Chepetsa mizu ndikugawa ndi chiwerengero cha kukula. Pa gawo lirilonse muyenera kukhala osachepera awiri a iwo. Kufalitsa motere amathera mu Marichi, Epulo.

Thirani

Zomera zomwe zapezeka sizifunikira kuthamanga kuti zikagulidwe. Iyenera kuphuka, nthawi yachisanu, ndipo nthawi yakuthengo imatumiza kumalo atsopano. Njirayi imaphatikizapo:

• Kusintha kwathunthu kwa gawo lapansi.
• Kuyendera ndi kukonza kwa mizu
• Kuyala ngalande ndi dothi.
• Kulondola kuyika chitsamba mumphika (osaphimba khosi mizu ndi sentimita).
• Chinyembwe ndikuwonetsetsa.

Malinga ndi malingaliro, duwa liyamba kumera ndi masamba atsopano.

Kufotokozera

Masamba a gerbera, ngati dandelion, amatengedwa ndi rosette pafupi ndi muzu, pamavalidwe opanda masamba amodzi, mabasiketi amasungidwa - inflorescence yokhala ndi mainchesi 4 - 15. yosavuta, theka-terry, terry.

Zosiyanasiyana

Zosiyanasiyana za ma hybera zankhondo zimapezeka chifukwa chodutsa ma gerberas omwe akukula ku South Africa - tsamba lobiriwira ndi Jameson.

Amagawidwa m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kukula kwa chitsamba ndi rosettes, mitundu, mitundu ya maluwa.

Jameson

Mitundu yocheperako kwambiri ya gerbera. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi chipiriro, masamba akulu, maluwa akulu.

Zosiyanasiyana zikufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane munkhaniyi pa kulima koyenera kwa gerbera ya Jameson kunyumba.

Phwandolo

Ndiwotchuka chifukwa cha inflorescence yayikulu ya maluwa osiyanasiyana pachithunzi chachifupi, masamba opindika. Amakonda kutentha komanso kuwala kwambiri.

Aldebaran ndi Alcor

Zosintha mumitundu yaying'ono kuchokera 8 mpaka 10 cm, petals yopapatiza, kutalika kwa tsinde mpaka 50 cm.

Vega, Migar, Jupiter, Algol

Machesi okhala ndi mulifupi mwake mpaka masentimita 13. Ndi oyenera kulimidwa mafakitale.

Mars, Viola, Matoni Awiri, Sakanizani

Mars	Ali ndi inflorescence yayikulu
Viola	Amadziwika ndi masamba opapatiza, maluwa apawiri
Gerbera mamvekedwe awiri	Kutchuka kwa iwo kumapereka mitundu yachilendo
Sakanizani	Kusamalidwa kosavuta, mithunzi yambiri, kukula kwake mpaka masentimita 45, koyenera kukula m'miphika, ndizokondweretsa kwambiri kwa wamaluwa

Monga nyongolotsi amagona ndipo amadzuka

Mawonekedwe odabwitsa m'chilengedwe, kutsegulira ndi kutseka kwa ma petals. Kuchita izi kuli ngati kuvina kosangalatsa. Momwe mafelemu onse amatsamira molunjika pakati pa duwa, ngati kuti akuteteza inflorescence yawo yaying'ono.

Ndipo monga zotseguka mwachisomo, kuwalitsira kuwunikira kukongola kwawo konse. Mu sayansi, njirayi imatchedwa Niktinasty - njira yoteteza maluwa.

Tidasanthula zovuta zakuyang'anira chipinda chomata. Ngati mukufuna kubzala maluwa poyera, kwa inu gawo loyenera kubzala ndi kusamalira dimba la gerbera.

Gerbera ndiye chizindikiro cha kukongola modekha ndi mtima wowala. Amathokoza chisamaliro chabwino cha maluwa okongola. Mitundu yodabwitsa komanso yosiyanasiyana imakondweretsa komanso imasintha mawonekedwe.