Nigella (Nigella) ndi mbewu yokongoletsedwa ya herbaceous ya banja la Lyutikov, yopezeka pafupifupi mitundu 20. Anthu nthawi zambiri amatcha maluwa nigella. Malo ake okukula ndi maiko aku Europe Western, Asia, Africa. Omasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chilatini, nigella amatanthauza "wakuda", womwe umadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ake. Mbewu za mbewu zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wowala wamalaala wakuda. Poyamba, duwa lidayamba kukula ku Turkey ndi Caucasus, pang'onopang'ono lidasamukira ku India, kenako lidafalikira ku Europe. Ku England, nthanga zakuda zakanyedza, nthangala za sesame, nutmeg, coriander amatchedwa nigella, koma nigella sakhala wawo ayi.
Kufotokozera kwa maluwa a Nigella
Nigella amawoneka ngati msipu wamba pachaka, zomwe zimayambira zimafikira masentimita 30-60. Masamba omwe ali m'mphepete ali ndi chithunzi chosanjidwa ndipo ndi zingwe zomasuka. Makapu amaluwa ndi okulirapo ndipo amatha kukula mainchesi 4. Amakula payokha, maluwa aliwonse ali ndi manda 5. Pali mitundu yoyera, yamtambo kapena yachikasu. Terry nigella okhala ndi manda obiriwira omwe amakhala m'mizere ingapo. Pambuyo pa chernushka kutha, bokosi la mbewu losanja limapangidwa, lomwe limakhala ndi timapepala 6. Muli ndi nthangala zazing'ono zowonda ndi matte wakuda.
Maluwa a Nigella nthawi zambiri amapezeka pakupanga mawonekedwe. Amayikidwa pafupi ndi mipanda, misewu yam'mphepete kapena kukulira m'mabwalo, alpine slides. Chifukwa chokopa, mbewuyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga maluwa.
Kukula Nigella kuchokera ku Mbewu
Kufesa nigella
Kufesa kumachitika kokha mothandizidwa ndi mbewu zomwe zibzalidwe m'nthaka kumayambiriro kwa Meyi kapena kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira mpaka kuya kosaposa masentimita 2. Nthambi zimalimbana ndi kuzizira, koma poyambira kukula ziyenera kutetezedwa ndi chilichonse. Chomera chimakonda kuchitira. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kudziwa pasadakhale komwe m'tsogolo mudzakhale nigella.
Nigella Mbande
Mphukira zofesedwa kumayambiriro kasupe mu wowonjezera kutentha amatha kuwoneka masabata angapo. Masamba atakhala olimba atapangidwa, mbande m'madzi mumtsuko ndi dothi losakanikirana lomwe limapangidwa ndi peat ndi humus. Kenako mbande zimasowetsedwa panthaka.
Nigella kubzala poyera
Kubzala Nigella
Mbewu za nigella zikukula mwachangu, posachedwa mutha kumuwonjezera mbande kuchokera pamaluwa. Dera lomwe likukula liyenera kuyatsidwa bwino. Mthunzi, maluwa amafota msanga. Nigella akukana kumbali ndi oimira mbewu zoyambira pansi, choncho lingalirani za nkhaniyi posankha malo oti mubzale. Ngati dothi ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito dothi labwino lopanda chonde kapena losasamala. High acidity imasokoneza chitukuko cha tchire.
Momwe mungabzalire nigella
Kuika mbande kumachitika m'miphika. Komanso, mtunda pakati pa mbande imodzi muyenera kukhala pafupifupi 15 cm, ndi pakati pa mizere - 45 cm. Ngati muchita izi pafupipafupi, ndiye kuti kupatulira sikungapeweke m'tsogolo. Malo ofesedwa ayenera kuthiriridwa madzi mosamala. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulch nthaka, mbewuyo siyilekerera mulch. Maluwa amachitika patatha masiku 40 ndipo amatha kwa miyezi ingapo.
Kusamalira Nigella M'munda
Nigella ndi mbewu yabwino komanso yofunika kwambiri, yomwe imafuna kuti udzu uzisintha nthawi zonse. Kuthirira madzi kwambiri kumatha kubweretsa kuzungulira kwa mizu, choncho chidwi chofunikira chiyenera kulipidwa ku boma la kuthirira. Izi zimagwira ntchito pakudya. Wamaluwa wopanda nzeru amatha kudyetsa maluwawo mosavuta. Pachifukwa ichi, ndibwino kubzala mbande m'malo omwe muli feteleza wotsalira kuchokera kuzomera zina. Kenako mutha kuyiwala za zovala zapamwamba kwakanthawi. Panthawi yamaluwa, dothi limapeza zabwino zowonjezera potaziyamu.
Nigella atatha maluwa
Mipira yambiri ikadzakhwima, mutha kuyamba kutolera zinthu zofunikira kubzala chaka chamawa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimayamba chakumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena koyambilira kwa nyengo. Zouma zomwe zimapangidwa pomwe njere zake zimadulidwa ndikuziwuma m'magulu m'chipinda cholowa bwino. Mbewu zochokera m'mabokosi zimachotsedwa msanga ngati zouma bwino, ndipo nyongayo ikhoza kusungidwa zaka zingapo. Kufesa pabedi la maluwa kungachitike kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira kapena mochedwa.
Nigella kuswana
Pali njira imodzi yokha yofalitsira nigella - kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zomwe zingabzalidwe mwachindunji mu nthaka kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mbande. Komabe, mbewuyo imatha kudzilimitsa yokha patatha maluwa. Kubzala mwanjira ina maluwa sangagwire ntchito.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Ngati kuli chinyezi, nyengo yozizira imawonedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, pamakhala chiopsezo chotenga matenda. Monga njira yoyendetsera, njira za fungicidal zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi tchire katatu pa sabata. M'nyengo yachilala chilala chifukwa chosathirira, mbewu yake imakhala ndi akangaude, omwe amayamwa zipatso kuchokera kumitengo ndi masamba. Kuti athane ndi nkhupakupa, nigella amafafizidwa ndi mankhwala ngati Agravertin, Actellic kapena Akarin. Monga lamulo, zovuta zina zimakhalapo pamene wamaluwa amalima. Fungo lamphamvu la mbewu limasiyanso tizirombo.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya nigella
Damasiko Nigella - Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino, zomwe zimadziwika ndi chisamaliro chosasamala komanso mawonekedwe okongola. Kukhazikika kwa mbewuyi ndi Caucasus, gombe la Crimea ndi Asia Minor. Zimayambira zimakula kutalika kwa 30-50 cm. Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe otambalala, ndipo maluwawo amawajambulapo zoyera, zamtambo kapena zamtambo ndipo amazunguliridwa ndi carpet wobiriwira. Pali mitundu yambiri ya ma prototypes a Damasiko nigella. Komabe, siwosamalira mundawo aliyense amene angawakonde, popeza mitundu ina imakhala ndi maluwa ndi zipatso zosalala. Ngati, komabe, chisankhochi chidagwera pa nigella zamtunduwu, kenako patsani mayina otsatirawa:
- Cambridge buluu - yayitali yayitali maluwa okongola komanso maluwa okongola amtambo.
- Miyala yamtengo wapatali ya ku Persia - amaphatikiza mawonekedwe a mitundu ingapo nthawi imodzi.
- Abiti Jekyll Rose - Imasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa ofiira owala a pinki ndi mphukira zonenepa zobiriwira zomwe zimatalika pafupifupi theka la mita. Maluwa atsopano kapena owuma amawonjezeredwa kumakonzedwe ambiri a maluwa.
- Galu Moody Blue - chomera chachidule chomwe chili ndi maluwa abuluu.
Nigella kufesa - udzu pachaka ndi mankhwala. Kutalika kwa mapesiwo kumatha kufika masentimita 30-70. Maluwa ofiira, oyera kapena amtambo wobiriwira. Masamba amafanana ndi fennel. Mbewu zofesa nigella ndi zakuda-zakuda, zodziwika ndi fungo lowala kwambiri. Amawonjezedwa kuzakudya zosiyanasiyana m'njira yokometsera. Pazifukwa zamankhwala, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda am'mimba. Mwa anthu, chomerachi chimatchedwa nthanga zakuda zomera, nthangala za sesame kapena maluwa a fennel. Kutchulidwa kwake kumapezeka ngakhale m'Malemba.
Nigella Spanish - Mtundu wocheperako pachaka wokhala ndi mphukira zazitali, komwe kwawo kunali kugombe lakumwera kwa Spain komanso kumpoto kwa Africa. Masamba amakhala obiriwira, maluwa ndi amtambo ndipo ali ndi zonunkhira. Fungo la maluwa layamba kukomoka. Nthawi yamaluwa imayamba mu Juni ndipo imatha mpaka nthawi yophukira.
Nigella East - Ichi ndi chokongoletsedwa chocheperako pachaka ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono ndi mabokosi ambewu. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mbale.
Zothandiza pa Nigella
Kubzala nigella sikumangokhala ngati zokongoletsera zamabedi a maluwa, kumakhala ndi katundu wochiritsa ndipo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya. Mbewu zili ndi kukoma ndi fungo kutchulidwa. Amawonjezedwa ngati zowonjezera mu malonda ophika ndi ophikira, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakusunga masamba. Masamba a Nigella amathanso kudya, mamvekedwe ake ndikusintha bwino bwino.
Mbewu za Nigella zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zofunikira: vitamini E, ascorbic acid ndi mafuta ofunikira. Amakhala ndi mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi. Monga mankhwala wowerengeka, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda monga dysbiosis, cystitis, pyelonephritis. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwonjezere mbewu pachakudya pakumwa mankhwala a khunyu, matenda ashuga, mphumu, khansa komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kulowetsedwa, okonzedwa pamaziko a mbewu za mmera, kumakonza njira ya kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi, kumathandizira kusamalira zinthu zapoizoni, kuthandizira kuchepa thupi, kumachepetsa kukalamba ndikuthandizira kukumbukira.
Kuti tikonzekere kulowetsedwa kwa nigella, muyenera kukakamira pafupifupi masiku 7 mbewu pa vodka m'chiyerekezo cha 1: 5. Pambuyo pake, madziwo amasefedwa, kenako amasungidwa mufiriji. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutenge madontho a 10-15 a tincture uwu pofuna kuchiza matenda ogwirizana ndi zida zopumira.
Kupanga tiyi, njere zimathiridwa ndi madzi otentha ndikuyika kwa mphindi 20. Tengani kwa masiku angapo monga wothandizila ndi okodzetsa. Tiyi yotereyi imakhala ndi mankhwala anthelmintic ndipo siyimakwiyitsa m'mimba.
Nigella amathandizira bwino kulimbana ndi njenjete za chipinda, udzudzu. Kununkhira kwachilendo kwa mbewu kumasokoneza tizilombo.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njere za amayi apakati, anthu omwe akudwala matenda a mtima, gastritis, cholelithiasis kapena odwala omwe atulutsira ziwalo posachedwa.
