Pakati pazaka, mbewu zokhala ndi maluwa owala a buluu zitha kuwerengedwa zala zawo. Mmodzi mwa ochepa ndi ngwazi ya nkhaniyi - ageratum. Posachedwa, adatembenuka kuchokera kwa wopemphetsa kukhala kalonga, adazindikiridwa, adagwa mchikondi ndipo adayamba kudzala mokangalika m'mabedi amaluwa. Obala nawonso sanayimire pambali, anayamba kupanga mitundu yatsopano, ndipo kuchita bwino kwawo kunadalitsidwa malinga ndi zipululu zawo. Koma muziyamba kuchita zinthu zofunika kwambiri.
Dzina lanu Ageratum (Ageratum) cholandiridwa kuchokera ku Greek ageratos - yopanda nthawi, kuthekera kosunga utoto wa maluwa kwa nthawi yayitali, komanso kutalika kwa maluwa ku Russia kumatchedwa kuti kutulutsa maluwa nthawi yayitali.
Ageratum Gaustona, kapena Ageratum Mexican, kapena Dolgotsvetka (Ageratum houstonianum). © weisserstierAgeratum ndi mtundu wochokera ku banja la Asteraceae kapena Astrovidae, wophatikiza mitundu 60 yaku Central America. Zonsezi ndi zaka kapena zophukira zamera zamtundu wa herbaceous kapena zitsamba. Mu chikhalidwe, mitundu imodzi ndiodziwika - Ageratum Gauston, kapena Mexico Ageratum, kapena Dolgotsvetka (Ageratum houstonianum) ochokera ku Mexico ndi Peru, komwe kwadziwika kuyambira 1733. Ichi ndi chomera cha herbaceous kapena theka-shrub chomwe chimakhala chaka chilichonse.
M'mabuku a chilankhulo cha Chirasha komanso pa intaneti pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamasinthidwe amtundu wa epithet houstonianum - Houston, Houston, Houston, Gauston.
Mtundu wautundu wa Ageratum Gauston umaperekedwa polemekeza Samuel Houston (1793-1863) m'modzi wa ngwazi zotsutsana kwambiri ku America. Mbiri yake imakhala yodzaza ndi zowawa. Atapambana chisankho choyambirira ku US Congress, wataya nthawi yachiwiri chifukwa chomwa azimayi komanso mowa. Atha mkazi wake ndikukwatira mkazi wa fuko la Cherokee. Pankhondo ndi Mexico, mtsogoleri wamkulu, amapambana nkhondo yankhondo ku San Jacinto ndipo potero amathandizira kuti Texas ilowe ku United States of America. Kuti apambane, amakhala bwanamkubwa woyamba wa Texas. Omwe amathandizira adamulemekeza kwambiri mpaka adamupatsa dzina osati chomera chokha, komanso mzinda wonse - Houston.
Ageratum Gaustona, kapena Ageratum Mexican, kapena Dolgotsvetka. © crudmucosaKufotokozera kwamabotolo a Gauston Ageratum
Mizu ya Ageratum Gauston imamera. M'malo amakumana ndi dothi pa mphukira yayikulu ndi nthambi zammbali, mizu yambiri yowonjezereka imapangidwa. Zimayambira ndizambiri, nthambi zambiri, zowoneka bwino, ma pubescent, 10-60 masentimita. Masamba ndiwosakanikirana, amanjenje kapena ozungulira, serrate, serrate kapena serrate pamphepete. Masamba apansi a hauston ageratum ali moyang'anizana, peti; okwera tsinde, petioles ndi afupikitsidwe; masamba apamwamba ali pafupifupi owoneka bwino komanso osiyana. Maluwawo ndi ang'ono, owonda, aumbuli, onunkhira bwino, onunkhira, ndipo mabasiketi ang'onoang'ono amatengedwa, ofanana ndi "puff puff" la ufa, womwe umapangira zovuta za corymbose inflorescence. Kukongoletsa kwakukulu kwa inflorescence ya Gauston Ageratum kumaperekedwa ndi ziphuphu zamitundu iwiri, zomwe zimakhala pafupifupi kutalika kwa dimba loyandikira maluwa ndipo zimatulutsa pamwamba pakepo. Perianth ndi stigmas ndizopakidwa chimodzimodzi.
Thumba lam'madzi la Gauston Ageratum ndilotsika. Chipatso - achene cha mawonekedwe opindika, pentahedral, okhala ndi nthiti zakuthwa kwambiri, nthawi zina amapindika pang'ono, 2-3 mm kutalika mpaka 0.6 mm mulifupi. Kumapeto kumtunda kwa achene pali oyera oyera. Pamaso pa achenes ndi makwinya abwino. Colours ndi wakuda. Mu gramu imodzi imodzi muli mbewu za 6-7,000. Mbewu zimakhalabe zotheka kwa zaka 3-4.
Kufalikira kwa mbewu ya Gauston ageratum, ngakhale posankha mosamala kwambiri, sikubala ana osabereka. Kuyeretsa kwamitundu mitundu yambiri sikupita 80%.
Mbewu za Agustum Gauston zimakhala bwino. Pakati pa Russia, mbewu zimacha makamaka pa mphukira yayikulu ndi mphukira zoyambirira. Panthawi ya mvula yophukira, ena mwa inflorescences amawola. Kumagawo akum'mwera, zokolola za mbeu ndizapamwamba kwambiri.
Pali maphunziro omwe mitundu ina ya ma ageratums, makamaka Gauston Ageratum, ndi owopsa kwa nyama, popeza ali ndi katundu wamthupi ndipo amayambitsa matenda a chiwindi.
Ageratum ndi pinki. © Shihmei BargerMitundu ya Ageratum
Ageratum ali ndi mitundu yambiri, yosiyanasiyana malinga ndi maluwa, mtundu wa maluwa, kutalika, mawonekedwe a masamba. Zodziwika kwambiri ndi:
- Ageratum Blue Mink (Blue Mink), mitunduyi ndi yaying'ono, 20-25 cm. Ma inflorescence ndi akulu, a lilac buluu, amawoneka operewera kotero kuti kusiyanasiyana kwake mukumasulira kumamveka ngati "mink ya buluu" - nyama yofunikira yaubweya.
- Ageratum Blue Danub (Blue Danube), wosakanizidwa wopendekera, 15-20 masentimita wamtali, imodzi mw mitundu yabwino kwambiri yamaluwa a lavender-buluu.
- Matalala a Chilimwe (Chilimwe Chipale), chopindika chosakanizidwa, masentimita 15 mpaka 20, mabasiketi oyera, mumiyala yaying'ono ya corymbose, limamasuwa kwambiri.
- Ageratum Ash minda (Munda wa Purple), wosakanizidwa wopendekera, 20-25 masentimita, mabasiketi amtundu wofiirira. "Mabasi" omwe amafalikira pansi mpaka 30 cm. Chifukwa chake, zosiyanasiyana zimatchedwa "minda yofiirira". Mu 2000, adalandira Wopambana wa Fleroselect Quality Award.
- Ageratum Red Si (Nyanja Yofiira) "Nyanja Yofiyira". Zosiyanasiyana pamtunda wamtambo ndi maluwa ofiira ofiira.
Kuphatikiza pa mitundu ya mtundu umodzi wa ageratums, pali zosakanikirana pamalonda, mwachitsanzo Hawaii Osakanizidwa (Wosakanizidwa ndi Hawaii). Kuphatikizako kumaphatikizapo mitundu yaying'ono ya 10-15 cm wamtali ndi pinki, buluu, zoyera ndi zofiirira. Mitundu iwiri kuchokera ku kusakanikirana iyi idalandira Wopambana wa Runro Select Quality Award. Izi ndi mitundu Silika Pinkiii (Shell Pink Hawaii) mu 2000 ndi Hawaii Thambo Bleu (Hawaii Sky Blue) mu 2003.
Mvula ikamagwa, yomwe nthawi zambiri idayendera dziko lathu posachedwa, mbewu zokha zomwe zili ndi utoto wamtambo ndi wamtambo wamtundu wa maluwa ndizokongoletsa. Pomwe ma ageratums oyera amasintha imvi. Ndipo mitundu yapinki imakhala yovuta kufotokoza.
Lageratum lavenda. © Shihmei BargerKulima kwa ageratum
Kuti mupeze mbande wathanzi, mbewu zofesedwa kumapeto kwa Marichi - koyambirira kwa Epulo. Mphukira za Ageratum zimawonekera patatha milungu iwiri, ndipo patatha sabata lina zimatha kuzimiririka m'miphika osiyana. Mbande sizingathe kupirira. Wofesedwa malo otha kumapeto kwa masika masentimita, mtunda pakati pa mbewu umakhazikika pakubzala masentimita 15-20. Zomera zimatulutsa patatha masiku 60-70 zitamera.
Ageratum ndichomera chopukutidwa ndi mungu, koma kudzivulaza ndikothekanso. Kusungunuka ndi ntchentche, njuchi ndi kupindika.
Ngati nkotheka kukula mbande za ageratum pawindo, mutha kubzala mbewuyo mchaka mwachindunji mu nthaka. Monga machitidwe awonetsera, kamodzi chifukwa cha kusowa kwa nthawi, mbewu zomwe zidasiyidwa zidasiyidwa m'munda wamaluwa nthawi ya kugwa, ndipo kasupe, mbande za mbewu zakugwa zidawonekera malowa. Koma anaphulika kumapeto kwa Julayi.
Ageratum bwino kwambiri amapereka subordrate mizu. Mphukira yozika mizu itagona pansi. Chifukwa chake, mutakhala ndi chomera chimodzi chokha, mutha kupeza mbande zingapo pochotsa zakumwa za mayi, ndipo mbewu zonse zomwe zidapezedwa sizingokhala bwino.
Popeza ageratum ndi osatha mwachilengedwe, amatha kusungidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha ozizira nthawi yozizira, ndipo m'chilimwe, mutadula zodula, zobzalidwa m'mundamo.
Kutulutsa maluwa ndi mitundu yonse ya ma ageratum ndikutali, kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa June mpaka Seputembala. Koma kuti likhale lokongola, ndikofunikira kukwaniritsa mikhalidwe ingapo.
- Choyamba, mbewu zimangokhala malo okhala okhaokha. Ngakhale atakhala ndi mthunzi pang'ono, amatambasuka komanso kuphuka mosavuta.
- Kachiwiri, dothi liyenera kukhala lopepuka, losalowerera, panthaka yaconde kwambiri, ma ageratum amakula mphukira ndi masamba ambiri, ndikuwononga masamba.
- Chachitatu, ngati mbewuyo idatambasulidwa, iduleni mosamala, chifukwa chakuti ma ageratum amangovomereza kumeta, pambuyo pake imakula ndikufalikira. Njirayi imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kutalikitsa maluwa.
Ageratum ndi amtambo. © TANAKAMatenda a Ageratum ndi tizirombo
Ageratum ndi okhazikika mchikhalidwe. Koma mu zaka zina, amatha kukhudzidwa ndi kuwola kwa mizu, kufalikira kwamtunda. Ndipo mbewu zikadali zazing'ono, m'chipindamo kapena malo obiriwira nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa ndi mbewa yoyera ndi kangaude. Izi zikachitika, masamba omwe akhudzidwa ayenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo mbewuzo mobera azichitira ndi tizirombo.
Zokhazokha, izi sizingakhale chomera chowoneka bwino, koma zibzalani tchire zingapo pamodzi ndipo mudzapeza malo owoneka bwino, lolani marigolds kapena calendula pachimake pafupi. Ageratum ndioyeneranso kukhala ndi maluwa am'misewu kapena zotengera, zojambula pa khonde. Mitundu yapamwamba ndi yoyenera ma bouque omwe amayimira madzi kwa nthawi yayitali ngati duwa la maluwa limadulidwa pomwe maluwa apakati mu inflorescence atangotsegula.
