Basil ili ndi fungo labwino, limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokometsera. Kukula basil kuchokera kumbewu mu nyumba yanyumba kumapereka banja kwa zitsamba zabwino chaka chonse. Mtengo wamasamba uli pamtundu wamafuta ofunikira ndi mavitamini PP, B1, B2, C.
Ichi ndi chomera cham pachaka chokhala ndi tsinde lolunjika mwachangu, chokhala ndi masamba ndi mizu yopanda maziko. Masamba amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya basil amasiyana (mtundu wobiriwira mpaka wofiirira), wopindika, wosema, wosalala. Maluwa amachitika kumapeto kwa Julayi - koyambirira kwa Ogasiti, pomwe mafuta okwanira okwanira ndi fungo labwino amadziunjikira masamba.
Zosiyanasiyana basil
Pali mitundu ya mbewu za basil zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zikule m'miphika ndi m'mazenera:
- Masipuni okhala ndi supuni, ma cloves amatenga fungo lokumbukira chisakanizo cha laurel ndi ma cloves, omwe amadziwika ndi masamba owala.
- Yerevan ali ndi fungo labwino labwino lokumbukirira tiyi lomwe limapangitsa chidwi chilichonse.
- Baku limanunkhira madiresi ndi timbewu tambiri, masamba ndi ofiirira ndi tint brownish.
- Violet amadziwika ndi masamba akulu, opakidwa utoto wofiirira, ali ndi kukoma kosalala kwambiri.
- Ndimu ndi mitundu yosowa yomwe imamera munjira yaying'ono ngati masamba obiriwira obiriwira, ili ndi fungo labwino la ndimu.
- Wamtali samakula kuposa 20 cm, ndi chitsamba chokhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono obiriwira kapena ofiirira otengedwa mu mpira.
Basil imasankhidwa malinga ndi zomwe amakonda. Kucha koyamba m'mitundu "Clove", "Ndimu", "Dwarf".
Pokulira basil kuchokera kumbewu pawindo la nyumba kapena nyumba, amapeza mitundu yokhala ndi mitundu yambiri.
Kubzala mbewu za basil
Kuti mukolole bwino, muyenera kudziwa nthawi yobzala mbewu zokulitsa basil mu nyumbayo. Chomerachi chimakonda kutentha ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndikusowa masamba kudzachepetsedwa ndikufooka.
Nthawi yabwino yodzala mbewu mumiphika ndiye kutha kwa Okutobala, kuyambira kwa Marichi. Chomera chizikhala ndi nthawi yopanga ndipo nthawi yogwira ntchito izigwera masana. Akamatera nthawi ina, sadzaphonya kuwala.
Mukalima basil pachaka chaka chonse, muyenera kuyatsa magetsi nyali ndi kuyatsegulira kwa maola 4-5 madzulo, ndipo tsiku lamvula kuwala kuyenera kuwotcha kwa maola 10-12.
Kukula basil kuchokera ku mbewu
Ganizirani momwe mungakulire basil pawindo la nyumba. Mukasankha pazomera zosiyanasiyana, konzekerani muli ndi nthaka kuti mubzale.
Miphika yaying'ono kapena makapu apulasitiki ndi oyenera kubzala mbewu. Dongo lokwanira dongo limayikidwa pansi. Nthaka idzafunika chonde ndi feteleza wachilengedwe. Mutha kugula okonzeka kale kapena kukonzekera nokha.
Motsatira momwe mumabzala nthangala za basil:
- Mbewu zimasungidwa kwa masabata awiri pamalo otentha.
- Asanatsike, amawanyowa tsiku limodzi m'madzi ofunda, kenako amasungidwa munthawi yochepa ngati manganese kwa 2 maola.
- Nyowetsani nthaka ndikubzala mbewu zingapo muchidebe chimodzi mpaka 10mm. Zikumera zowonjezereka, zopanda mphamvu zimachotsedwa pakumera.
- Ngati kubzala kumachitika m'mbale zazikulu, mtunda pakati pa mbewuyo uyenera kupitirira masentimita 5. Mbande zokutidwa ndi pulasitiki wokutira, womwe umapereka zotsatira za wowonjezera kutentha. Kuti dothi lisawumbike, amalikulitsa tsiku lililonse kwa mphindi 10.
Mukasunga kutentha kwa kutentha mkati mwa madigiri 22-28, kuphukira koyamba kudzawonekera masabata 1-2. Pambuyo pake, filimuyo imachotsedwa ndipo zotengera zimayikidwa pamalo owala, otentha, otetezedwa ku zojambula. Masamba 3-4 akaonekera pa tsinde, ayenera kuikidwamo kuti lita imodzi ya dothi pa tsinde limodzi.
Samalirani basil mu chipinda
Pofunika kuthirira nthawi zonse ndi masamba opopera. Kuti mudzazitse dothi ndi mpweya m'miphika womwe umapangidwa ndi mbeu, umamasulidwa mosamala kamodzi masiku 10-14.
Amadyetsedwa feteleza kapena michere yambiri masiku 30 aliwonse kuyambira pomwe nthambi zimamera m'mbali mwa tsinde.
Pamene tchire limakula kukula kokwanira, amayamba kudula masamba owonjezereka, izi zimapangitsa kukula kwabwinoko ndikuchedwa kutha kwa maluwa.
Ntchito kuphika masamba atsopano, owuma, achisanu.
Simungalole maluwa. Mtundu ukawoneka, masamba amakhala owawa ndipo osayenera kuwagwiritsa ntchito.
Kukula basil kuchokera ku mbewu pawindo la nyumba kapena nyumba yaulere sizimapereka zovuta kwa eni. Kutengera malamulo omwe afotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi, chomera chidzakondweretsa eni chaka chonse.
