Aucuba (Aucuba) ndi a banja la a Harrys, komanso limapezeka ngati banja la Aucuba, lomwe lili ndi mitundu itatu ya zitsamba. Mtengo wa aucuba ndi wolimba kwambiri kuti ukhale m'malo ake, ndipo uwu ndi nkhalango yobiriwira, pamithunzi yakuya, palibe chomwe chimamera pambali pake.
Zambiri Aucuba Flower General
Zitsamba zobiriwira nthawi zonse zimakhala ndi maluwa ofiira komanso masamba achikopa, omwe adasonkhanitsidwa muluzu, amakula ku China, Himalayas, Korea ndi Japan. Koma kulima kwachikhalidwe kwakukulu kumachitika mozungulira Japan Aucuba (Aucuba japonica).
Aucuba, yotchedwanso kuti Gold Tree, imakopa chidwi cha omwe akuyenda ku East Asia chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali ndi mawonekedwe ake odabwitsa. Koma kutumizidwa kwa chomera chodabwitsachi kunatheka mwanjira zonse zotheka ndi Achijapani.
Ndipo kuyandikira kumapeto kwa zaka za XVII, aucub akhoza kuchotsedwa ku Asia. Pakapita kanthawi, mbewuyo imaphuka, imabala zipatso, koma mwatsoka imakhala yopanda mbewu, ngakhale imodzi kapena chifukwa chakuti aucuba ndi chomera chamtundu umodzi.
Chomera chomwe chimabweretsa zovuta ngati izi chimakhala chachikazi, kupukutira m'mimba sikuchitika, chifukwa kulibe munthu wamwamuna. Patatha zaka makumi angapo, Fortune wotchuka wazopeza amatha kutumiza malingaliro achimuna ku England. Ndipo kuyambira nthawi imeneyi, kuyamba kwa kufalikira kwa mbewu yokongoletsera komanso yaying'ono iyi.
Kumayambiriro kwa 1783, Aucuba yaku Japan idatulutsidwa ku Europe. Pambuyo pake, chifukwa cha kukongoletsa kosasinthika, kubereka, chomera mwachangu kwambiri komanso chofalikira kwambiri mu chikhalidwe cha Russia, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zobiriwira komanso zikhalidwe zamkati.
Makamaka mitundu yoyambirira yokhala ndi masamba, yomwe inali yokongoletsedwa ndi yaying'ono, spruce, yowoneka, kenako yayikulu mawanga achikasu, ndikupatsa masambawo mawonekedwe ofanana ndi mtundu wokhala ndi golide. Pazifukwa izi, aucuba adalandira dzina lodziwika la mtengo wagolide.
Duwa la Aucub ndi mitundu yake
Aucuba Himalayan (Aucuba himalaica) - malo omwe chomera chokongola ichi ndi Central Asia. Chomera cha evergreen shrub chofika mamita 3-4 kutalika. Masamba a lanceolate kapena oblong-lanceolate, okhala ndi mano owoneka bwino kapena owoneka bwino, kapena osalongosoka, pafupi ndi nsonga yotuwa. Amaluwa amuna okhaokha, akazi ndi amuna ali pamakope osiyana, maluwa ang'ono ndi a nondescript.
Aucuba Japan (Aucuba japonica) - monga mbewu idakongoletsa nthawi yayitali ndi Japan ndi China m'mitundu yambiri. Chomera cha aucuba chilinso chachithunzi chobiriwira chomwe chimakhala ngati mitengo yobiriwira ngati mtengo komanso chowala chomerapo, m'mphepete mwa masanjidwewo, masamba akuluakulu, osadetseka omwe alibe masamba.
Mitengo yamtchire imagawidwa m'magulu awiri, imodzi yokhala ndi masamba obiriwira bwino, ndipo yachiwiri yokongoletsa imapatsa chithunzi cha kuwala kwa dzuwa. Ndi kuchokera apa pomwe dzina lodziwika bwino "mtengo wagolide" limachokera. Maluwa ndi ang'ono, okhala ndi mafinya aubweya, wofiirira wamoto kapena wofiyira.
Chisamaliro chakunyumba
Aucuba ndi chitsamba chosazindikira, chimamva bwino m'chipinda chofunda komanso chotentha.
Chachikulu kwambiri, mbewuyo imakonda mthunzi wosakhalitsa, komanso itha kukhala wamkulu, pamawindo owala bwino komanso m'malo amdima. Koma nthawi yomweyo, musaiwale kuti pofuna kuteteza mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a pepalalo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndiyofunika kuyatsa magetsi.
Zomera zaku Aucuba nthawi yotentha zimakonda kutentha kotentha pafupifupi madigiri 20, ndikamawonjezera kutentha kumataya masamba ake, omwe sangakhudze kukhalanso kwina.
M'nyengo yotentha, mbewuyo imatha kupita kukakhala ndi mpweya wabwino, kuiyika kuti isawonongeke ndi dzuwa, mphepo ndi mvula. Pakutha kwa Seputembala, kutentha kumayenera kuchepetsedwa mpaka madigiri 14.
Koma kale nthawi yozizira, yesani kusunga kutentha kwa madigiri 8 mpaka 14, pomwe sizingachitike musatenthe kutentha pang'ono madigiri 5. Ngati sizotheka kupereka duwa la aucuba chisamaliro choterocho kunyumba, ndiye kuti kuwunikira kwabwino komanso kupopera pafupipafupi kudzakhala chinthu chofunikira panthawi yophukira-nyengo yachisanu. Nthawi yotentha kwambiri, mbewuyo imatha kuthira masamba ake.
M'chilimwe, timapereka madzi ambiri kuthirira, kuti nthawi yopuma yoyamba ndi yachiwiri kuthirira, pamwamba pazosanjikiza zimatsika pang'ono, ndipo m'dzinja-nthawi yozizira kuthirira koyenera kumachitika. Mtengowo umalola kufota kwa dothi, koma chinyezi chambiri m'nthaka chimapangitsa kuoneka kwa masamba akuda masamba.
Mouziridwa amatanthauza mpweya wouma m'chilimwe, makamaka zitsanzo za anthu akuluakulu, kotero kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachitika, ndipo nthawi yophukira nthawi yachisanu imangofunika. Kumwaza kumachitika ndi madzi ofunda komanso ofewa. Chomera ichi chikakhala m'chipinda chomwe chimakhala ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 6 mpaka 12, njira yothira mankhwalawo imachitidwa m'njira yolondola kwambiri kapena kupatula paliponse, pofuna kupewa nkhungu.
Munthawi ya kukula, yomwe imayambira kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira kamodzi pa sabata, amadyetsedwa feteleza wokhathamira komanso michere, osinthanitsa.
Kupanga korona, kasupe kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokulira, kutsina ndikudulira kwa mphukira kwachitika. Zina zotsala mphukira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofalitsa ngati zodulidwa.
Aucubas amawokedwa mchaka, toyesa achinyamata chaka chilichonse, akulu zaka 2-3 zilizonse, koma ndibwino mizu itaphimbidwa kwathunthu ndi mtanda. Poika mbewu, munthu ayenera kusamala, aucuba imakhala ndi mizu yolimba kwambiri komanso yosalimba. Njira yoyenera sikungakhale kuphatikizika, koma kupatsirana, popanda kuwononga chotumphuka m'mbale yotalikirapo, ndikokulira.
Dothi la Aucuba
Dothi lopangidwa ndi magawo asanu ndi limodzi a nthaka yanthaka. Zimakhalanso bwino ndikadzala mu hydroponics.
Kufalitsa kwa Aucuba kudula ndi nthanga
Ngati mukukula mbewu ziwiri zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, muyenera kumazipukutira mwanjira, kenako mbewuzo zimacha, ndipo pokhapokha mutapeza mwayi wofalitsa aucuba osangomera zokha, komanso ndikumera.
Kubzala mbewu kumachitika nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa chakuti mwachangu amasiya kumera. Ndipo musaiwale kuti mbewu zikafalitsika, zilembo zamitundumitundu sizitha kutumizidwa.
Kufesa mbewu kumachitika mu gawo lonyowa (mchenga kapena peat) ndikusunga kutentha kwa madigiri 21, ndikumapopera madzi nthawi zonse komanso kupuma mpweya nthawi zonse. Zimatenga nthawi yochulukirapo kuti mbande zizituluka, komabe zikakhwima, ndipo mbande zikawoneka masamba awiri kapena atatu, ziyenera kutayidwa ndikusakanikirana ndi dothi lapakati.
Kufalitsa mbewuzo ndikudula, amazidula kuyambira Marichi mpaka Epulo komanso kuchokera mu Ogasiti mpaka Seputembala. Kudula kotero kuti musiyire masamba awiri kapena atatu. Mizu yodzidulira yonyowa peat ndi mchenga, kapena mchenga wonyowa.
Kusunga kutentha nthawi zonse kuyambira madigiri 20 mpaka 22, Kumasulira pafupipafupi komanso kupatsirana mpweya m'chipindacho. Pambuyo pozula mizu, idayenera kukhazikitsidwa mumiphika yayikulu (7-8 masentimita) yosakanikirana ndi humus, dothi lamchenga ndi mchenga (1: 1: 0.5) kapena kutenga osakaniza wamba padziko lapansi.
Magawo onse azomera, kuphatikizapo zipatso, ndi oopsa. Amayambitsa kutupa m'mimba ndi matumbo, magazi mkodzo, ndi m'mimba. Chenjezo liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mukamagwira ntchito ndi chomera !!!
