Mafashoni okulitsa mbewu zachilendo zamkati ndi maluwa osazolowereka kapena zopindika zoperewera zapatsa chidwi kwambiri mwazomera zodziwika bwino kwambiri za mababu - boviee. Nkhaka yokhotakhota, kapena anyezi wopindika ndiyomera yoyambirira mwakuti sikophweka kuzindikira chizolowezi chomangokhalitsa ngakhale mutadziwa kale. Chipolopolo chake chofewa chimaphatikizidwa ndi mphukira zachilendo kwambiri, zomwe zimamera ndikuwaza nyenyezi zachilendo pa korona, ndipo mawonekedwewo amakhalabe ofanana ndi alimi a hyacinths kapena nkhuku. Wapamwamba komanso wapadera, bovieja ndiye gawo lalikulu pamagulu azachipinda zaposachedwa kwambiri.
Bovieia ndi "nkhaka yokhotakhota" yomwe ili mkati.
Kukula Kwa Curly Kukula kuchokera pa Uta - Bowie
Bovieia ndi imodzi mwazomera zomwe zimasinthanitsa anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala achilendo kwambiri. Maonekedwe a nkhanuzi ndiwosakhazikika kotero kuti poyang'ana koyamba ndimatha kukumbukira bokarney ndi ziweto zina zanyumba zokhala ndi thunthu pamtengo kuposa anzawo enieni. Kutengera zomwe zimachitika mu nyengo ya boviei ndizovuta zina, chifukwa chomeracho sichimangoyambitsidwa kutulutsa maluwa komanso ndizikhalidwe chamkati chazomwe zili ndi mawonekedwe ake ndi zomwe amafunikira.
Tchulani oyimira amtunduwu Boviea (Bowiea) yomwe idalandiridwa polemekeza wasayansi Wachingelezi, wopanga zophatikiza za Royal Botanic Gardens komanso wokonda mbewu zosowa, James Bowie. Chomera ichi, ngakhale chopitilira zaka mazana awiri za mbiri ngati bulb wolimidwa, sichidali chofunikira kwenikweni ku West ndi kuno.
Koma kunyumba, ku kontinenti ya Africa, chomera chodabwitsa ichi chimadziwika kwambiri kotero kuti sichitchedwa dzina la botanical. Maudindo a Boviei amawonetsa bwino maonekedwe ake owoneka bwino: iye amadziwika kuti mbatata ya zulu, ndi anyezi wopotapota, komanso nkhaka yam'nyanja, komanso anyezi wokoka, komanso nkhaka.
Mwachilengedwe, ma bovie amayimiridwa kwambiri kumwera kwa Africa. Chomera ichi ndi cha madera ouma ndi onyowa a Zimbabwe, Kenya, Tanzania, chimapezeka ponseponse ndipo ndi chofunikira popangira mankhwala. M'magulu azikhalidwe, chomera chimodzi chokha ndi chofala - chowoneka bwino komanso chopatsa chidwi cha boviea. M'mbuyomu, mitundu ina itatu idasiyanitsidwa padera, koma malinga ndi magulu aposachedwa a boviea, mitundu yokhotakhota idatsala mtundu umodzi wokha mwa mtundu wa Boviei.
Boviea wopotokola (Bowiea volubilis- - herbaceous osatha kuchokera pagulu la mbewu zochulukirapo, osapanga mtundu wamba wamasamba, koma tsinde lakunja. Mosiyana ndi mababu ena ambiri, mu boviei, mababu ambiri akulu amapezeka pamwamba pa mzere wa nthaka.
Mukangoyang'ana pang'ono, mabulowo amafanana ndi mpiru kapena radish wamkulu.
Mababu a bovie
Mukangoyang'ana pang'ono, mabulowo amafanana ndi mpiru kapena radish wamkulu. Mababu ndi obiriwira opepuka, okhala ndi masikelo owuma otetezedwa, osalala pang'ono, okula mosalekeza komanso muzomera zokulira samakhala ochepa masentimita 30 kutalika kwake.
M'magulu azikhalidwe, mizere yakunja ya bovie nthawi zambiri simumauma ndipo imakhala yobiriwira, ndichifukwa chake nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kudziwa mtundu weniweni wa mbewu iyi. Koma ngakhale ngati sizingatheke kuteteza anyezi wobiriwira, mbewuyo imakhala ndi kanthu kosirira: ikadzauma mosavutikira kapena padzuwa, miyeso yakunja imawululira zamkati, ndikupanga makwerero apadera, omwe amangopatsa mbewuyo kukongoletsa kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, miyeso ikadali yodzaza mababu, ndipo tikungolankhula za bowo laling'ono loti maluwa azituluka pamwamba.
Babu iliyonse imakhala ndi masikelo 8-10 amadzimadzi, mchaka chimodzi chokha masikelo awiri amapangidwa mu chomera, kotero kukongola kwenikweni kwa mababu ake a boviea kuwulula mochedwa. Chimodzi mwazinthu zosazolowereka za mbewuyi ndi kusakhazikika komanso kuwonda kwake. Ngakhale kungokhala ndi babu m'manja mwanu mosasamala, komanso makamaka ndi kukakamizidwa, mutha kukankha masikelo osalimba komanso owonda ndikuwononga mbewuyo, chifukwa chake, beovie iyenera kugwiridwa mosamala kwambiri.
Kukhalapo kwa babu wamphamvu kwambiri sikulepheretsa mbewuyi kuti ipange cholimba champhamvu. Yokhala ndi nthambi zolimba, yosatha, yopanda kufa panthawi yokhala matalala, yolimba komanso yolimba, mizu ya bovie imapereka mawonekedwe apadera a chomeracho ndikuloleza kupitiliza kukongoletsa ngakhale kwambiri.
Nthawi za Boviei zamasamba ndikupuma
Pokonza boviei, nyengo za masamba ndi nyengo yogwira zimatchulidwa. Mzipinda, sasintha machitidwe omwe amapezeka kunyumba, amakula mwachangu nthawi yopanda chinyezi, komanso nthawi yotentha komanso yopanda nyengo kukhala yopumira.
Kusakhalako kozizira kumabweretsa kuti chomera sichimapanga mbali zina, chifukwa chake, kukonza kwazinthu kumalola ngakhale kukula kwa bovieya ngati chomera chamtundu, kapena monga chikhalidwe chokongoletsa mosalekeza. Zomera zomwe zimayamba kugwira ntchito zimayamba ndi masamba, omwe amafota msanga m'minda zachikulire, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizikhala zachilendo komanso zodulira msanga. Pakati pazigawo zogwira, kukula kwa boviea, kenako ziwalo zam'mlengalenga zimatha ndikukula kumayima.
Nthawi yopuma mu boviei imatha miyezi iwiri mpaka isanu ndi umodzi, pambuyo pake kukula kwa mphukira kumayambiranso ndipo njira yonse "yopanga" chosema chodabwitsa ichi chimabwerezedwanso.
Zomera zomwe zili ndi boviei ndi momwe kukula kwake kulili. Mbewuyi imapanga maluwa mosiyana kwambiri ndi zaka zochepa. Kuzungulira, ofanana ndi anyezi pamtanda wopyapyala, wocheperako, wochepa thupi, siwokongoletsa kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuyembekezera zaka zomwe masamba adzakhazikitsidwa mu kuchuluka kwa osaposa 2 ma PC, kukhazikitsa kumayambiriro kwa gawo logwira ntchito ndikukula nthawi yomweyo. Kupatula apo, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri mu bovie ndi kukongoletsa kukwera, komwe kumawoneka kosangalatsa poyang'ana kumbuyo kwa mababu akuluakulu.
Maluwa a bovie
Maluwa a Boviei amakhala ndi mtundu wowala bwino komanso wowonda sakulitsa mwachindunji, koma amagwada modabwitsa, mozungulira pakumathandizira. Mtundu wowala wa peduncle amangofotokozedwa motere: ndi iye amene amayambitsa photosynthesis mu chomeracho. Palibe mulifupi mwake kuposa masentimita 0,5, otetezedwa, oyamba, ozungulira masamba ndikutulutsa masamba ambiri ndi nthambi zowoneka bwino, amatha kufikira mainchesi atatu. Mitsempha yopotapota imawoneka ngati chosema chobiriwira choyang'ana kumbuyo kwa mababu a bulb.
Ndi kukongola konse kwa nthambi zake ndi mababu ake, Bovieya sasiya kutulutsa. Kumapeto kwa mphukira, kukhudza nyenyezi zamaluwa zimachita pachimake - zosaposa 1 cm, zachilendo, zoyera, zobiriwira, zoyera, zimawoneka zopanda tanthauzo ngakhale zili pafupi, komabe zikuwoneka ngati kufalitsa zokongoletsera zazing'ono.
Wheeri yooneka ngati gudumu loviei yokhala ndi magawo otseguka, aulere, osaloledwa komanso opatsa mbewuzo ngati mawonekedwe a asterisks. Mabulogu ndi lanceolate, okhala ndi chowongolera, amawoneka okongola poyerekeza ndi maziko a chipinda chocheperako. Maluwa amawongoleredwa kokha ndi ntchentche kapena machitidwe.
Kufalikira boviei.
Mikhalidwe yakukula m'nyumba bovieas
Chomera ichi chitha kudzalidwa ngati chomera chokongoletsera kapena ngati babu wamba komanso nthawi yayitali. Mzere wakukula kwa nyengo yozizira pofera nyengo yachisanu umasungidwa pokhapokha ngati pakhale malo ozizira. Ngati bovieja imasungidwa pamtunda wokhazikika, ndiye kuti imasungira maluwa chaka chonse.
Boviei ali m'gulu lazomera zoopsa kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kupewa kupewa kulumikizana kulikonse ndi khungu, komanso khungu (madzi a mababu ndi zimayambira zimayambitsa kukwiya, ndipo kudya kwamkati kumakhala kowopsa kwambiri chifukwa cha mtima wa glycosides).
Kuyatsa ndi kuyika
Bovieja sikufuna pazoyatsa konse. Mtundu wokongola kwambiri komanso wokhutiritsa wa duwa lopindika mumtengo umawonedwa mumthunzi wowala kapena kuwunika kofewa. Koma mbewuyo imangoletsa kuwala kwa dzuwa. Ikasungidwa m'malo otentha pomwe nthawi yozizira, ngakhale nyengo yozizira siyikulinganizidwa, mbewuyo imayenera kusunthidwa kumtundu pang'ono kuti izikhala ndi kupendekera kwazungulira ndikuyimitsa kukula.
Kusankha malo a bovie, mutha kungoyang'ana zokongoletsera zomwe mukufuna: chozizwitsa choterechi ndikoyenera kukongoletsa zamkati, osati zenera. Posachedwa, boviyeu akugulitsidwa kwambiri monga imodzi mwazomera zololera kwambiri mthunzi, koma popeza chitukuko cha peduncle chimatengera kuchuluka kwa kuwala, sikuyenera kuyika kukongola m'malo amdima kwambiri (kupatula kuti maluwa atayamba).
Chifukwa cha kukwera komanso kuyenda kwakanthawi, Boviei imatha kudziwidwa kuti ndi chikhalidwe chopambana: imayikidwa kuti muzitha kusilira babu, komanso kupatsanso mwayi wopachika tsinde labwino. Pakakulitsa pazothandizira, chomera chimatha kuyikidwa kuti diso ligwere pa korona kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi.
Kutentha ndi mpweya wabwino
Bovieia imakhala yozizira, osatha kulekerera kutentha kwa pafupifupi madigiri 0, osatsika ndi kutentha kwa mpweya. Itha kubzalidwa popanda mavuto m'zipinda wamba kapena m'zipinda zokhala ndi malo otentha kwambiri a chilimwe. Kukhalapo kwa nyengo yachisanu yozizira kumathandizira kusokonekera ndipo kumafunikira njira zowonjezera mphamvu, koma zimathandizira kuti mbewuyo ikhale yokongola chaka chonse.
Ngati kuli kotheka kupereka nyengo yabwino yozizira, Bovieja imasungidwa pamatenthedwe a 1010 mpaka +15, ndikuwotengera kutentha kumapeto kwa dzinja kapena koyambirira kwamasika. Ngati matenthedwe sanatsitsidwe, mtengowo sungathenso kuyenda, ngakhale kuti ungayime, koma mawonekedwevie amasunga zobiriwira.
Mtengowo suwopa kukonzekera, koma sibwino kuti mupite nawo kukatenga nyengo yachilimwe.
Bovieia imangokhala kulimbana ndi kuwala kwadzuwa.
Bovieia chisamaliro kunyumba
Ngakhale amene sakonda kukakamiza mababu sangatchulidwe kuti ndi kovuta kukula chikhalidwechi. Bovieia idzayenererana ndi odziwa bwino kwambiri zamaluwa. Chinsinsi chosamalira ndi kuthirira bwino kwambiri, komwe kumapangitsa nthaka kuti idume. Feteleza kwa chomera ichi nkosowa.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Bovieja amaopa kwambiri kuziziritsa m'madzi ndipo amatha kuvutika ndi zowola ngakhale atasefukira kawirikawiri. Chomera chiyenera kuthiriridwa madzi mosamala, kulola gawo lapansi kuti liume njira yotsatira isanachitike. Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala kolondola, ngakhale madontho amadzi akugwa pa babu ndi osavomerezeka.
Kwa matalala panthawi yachisanu kuzizira, kuthilira kumayima kwathunthu pambuyo pothandizidwa ndi matendawa. Ngati bovieja yozizira kutentha, kuthirira osowa kumachitika, osalola kuti zimayambira, kusiya pafupipafupi njira ziwiri kawiri.
Bovieja sakonda chinyezi chachikulu ndipo amakula bwino pamalo owuma a zipinda zogona.
Feteleza ndi kuphatikizira feteleza
Chifukwa cha izi, mbewu zothira feteleza zimangoyambika kuchokera pomwe muvi woyamba wa peduncle udawonekera mpaka nsonga ya maluwa. Njira zokwanira 1 mu masabata 7-8 (kapena umuna umodzi wothandizidwa pamwezi ndi kuchepa kwa mulingo wa feteleza ndi theka).
Kwa boviei, amagwiritsa ntchito feteleza apadera a mababu. Mtengowo umayankha bwino feteleza waziphuphu.
Mukukula ndi kupanga
Chipinda chofewa, chopanda, chosazolowereka cha boviei mamita angapo kutalika kwa malo mchipinda chimafunikira chithandizo kapena chikhazikitso chomwe chimangokhala pansi momasuka. Mukamasankha zogwirizira, zingwe zopota kapena makwerero zimakondedwa, momwe peduncle ikhoza kupindika.
Kwa boviei, kuphatikizira pachaka kumakondedwa pokhapokha ngati chomera chimapanga ana.
Thirani ndi gawo lapansi
Kwa boviei, kuphatikizira pachaka kumakhala kotheka pokhapokha ngati mbewuyo imapanga ana, ming'alu mu zisa kapena yakhwima mumipando yolimba ndipo mizu ilibe malo okwanira. Kupanda kutero, bovieja adasinthidwa pakufunidwa, pomwe alibe malo oti athe kukhazikika. Kuyika kumachitika isanayambike ntchito yogwira isanayambe kapena isanachitike kuti isinthidwe. Mukangodzala, mbewuyo imathirira madzi ndikuyiyika mu zinthu zomwe zimathandizira kukula kwa mphukira.
Kwa boviei, gawo lapansi lililonse la mababu ndiloyenera. Imamveka bwino pakuphatikizika kosakanikirana kwapadziko lapansi, komwe kumakhala theka la mchenga ndi theka la dothi lazinthu zofunikira. Zabwino bwino kwa mbewu zomwe zidagulidwa mababu kapena ma suppulents.
Chinsinsi chachikulu pakukula kwa boviei ndimadana ndi zotengera muli. Kukula kwa miphika kumatsimikizika ndi mulifupi wa babu: imatha kupitilira kuchuluka kwa mbewu pang'onopang'ono masentimita ochepa.
Bovieja ikhoza kukhala yokhazikika mu awiriawiri, ndi anyezi umodzi, ndi magulu akuluakulu. Denga lokwera kwambiri liyenera kuyikidwa pansi pa akasinja. Bovieia imakula bwino ndi ngalande zowirikiza, kuphatikiza zam'mwamba (kuwonjezera pamunsi) - chosanja chokongoletsera cha tchipisi zamiyala. Mukabzala, mababuwo sanayikidwe, kuyikhazikitsa pamlingo womwewo (kuzama kwambiri ndi kutalika kwa)), mumiphika ndimodalirika kusiya pafupifupi babu lonse pamwamba.
Matenda, tizirombo ndi mavuto akukula
Boviei muchipinda chikhalidwe ndizokhazikika. Pa iwo, nthata za akangaude ndi mealybugs zimapezeka nthawi zina. Pafupi ndi mbewu zopezeka ndi kachilombo, masikelo abwino amatha kukopa chidwi ndi tizilombo tambiri. Mukadwala tizirombo, mbewuyi imathandizidwa mwachangu ndi yankho la tizirombo tothandizirana.
Boviei m'chipinda chikhalidwe amalimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo.
Kuswana kwa Boviei
A Boviei nawonso amawona njira yogawikirana ndipo nthawi zambiri sizikhala zomveka. Nthawi zina, mababu sangakhale ndi ana kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo ena "amasokoneza" mabanja akuluakulu modabwitsa. Njira yopangira mababu a mwana wamkazi imakhala yachindunji kwambiri, chifukwa mbewuyo imapanga ndipo imakula ana pansi pamiyeso "yophimba", ndikusokera m'magulu a mbewu zatsopano zikamakula ndikukula.
Ngati bovieja apanga mababu a ana aakazi, poyika zisa, amalekanitsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mbewuzo padera, koma njirayi siyodalira eni ake ndipo amafunika kuleza mtima, makamaka kukhala lottery.
Njira yayikulu yofalitsira ma boviei imakhalabe mizere yozika mizu. Amachotsedwa pazakale zomwe zafika pamlingo waukulu wa mababu, ndikugwira chomera mosamala kwambiri. Makala amalekanitsidwa kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi, kuswa mosamala mamba omwe amaphimba mbali yonse ya babu mpaka pansi ndikuyesera kuti asawononge zigawo zam'munsi.
Makala olekanitsidwa amaduladula mizere 3 cm mulifupi, owuma masiku angapo ndikuwabzala ngati zodula mu gawo loyera pansi pa hodi. Ndi mpweya wabwino wambiri komanso kupukutira modekha, mababu ang'onoang'ono amayamba kukhala m'munsi mwa mwezi umodzi. Zomera zimakula mosamala, ndikufetsa nyemba panthaka, kwa miyezi ingapo mpaka kuzika mizu, kenako ndikuzibzala ngati mbewu zodziyimira panokha.
Ndizachilendo kwambiri kubereka mbewu za bovieya kunyumba, ndipo sizipezeka zogulitsa. Mbewu zimafuna kufesa koyambirira kwa dzinja, kutentha pang'ono, kuwongolera kumbuyo, gawo lamchenga lopepuka komanso kutentha kwamphamvu madigiri 20 Celsius. Mbande zimamera pachaka, zibzalidwe mchaka chachiwiri, kuyembekezera maluwa okhaokha kuchokera chaka chachitatu kapena chachinayi.
