Chithunzithunzi Ayuga cha maluwaChomera cholimba (lat. Ajuga) chimatanthauzidwa kuti "ayuga" - izi ndi zinthu za mtundu wa udzu wa banja "luciferous" kapena "maluwa-milomo". Ku Russia, duwa limadziwika bwino pansi pa dzina: Dubnichka, neuvidalka, neumirashka, Dubrovka kapena vologodka. M'mayiko aku Europe ndi ku Africa, chomerachi chimayimiriridwa kulikonse; ku Australia, ndi mitundu iwiri yokha yazomera yomweyi yomwe imadziwika.
Koma m'malo otentha kwambiri a kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi kuli mitundu yoposa 70 ya Ayuga. Pazokongoletsa zokongoletsedwa m'minda, kapangidwe ka kapangidwe ka maluwa osungirako malo ndi mapaki, mitundu ndiyomwe imakonda: Geneva kapena piramidi. Chomera chodziwika bwino cha Ayuga Turkestanskaya chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala: zomwe zimachokera pachomera ichi ndi gawo la zakumwa za tonic komanso mafuta.
Onani mafotokozedwe
Zinthu zazing'ono za Ayuga zokwawa ndikusamalira maluwa
Mtengowo ndi phesi lozungulira komanso lalitali masentimita angapo mpaka 40; pamitanda pansipa, masamba akulu mpaka kumtunda akuchepera moyang'anizana. Maluwa amatha kutulutsa maluwa abuluu, ofiirira, amtambo wakuda, maluwa achikasu, omwe amatengedwa ngati matsenga abodza. Mtunduwu umakhala womvera kwambiri pakukula, palibe mikhalidwe yapadera ya chisamaliro yofunika. Chomera chimatha kudzaza malo omwe adalipo ndi kapeti wopitilira ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zokongoletsera m'malo ophatikizika, minda yamiyala, miyala yamiyala, malo okuta pansi.
Ayuga kapena wopulumuka akukhala ndi kusamalira poyera
Kanthu kakang'ono kokweza ndikusamalira
Chomera chimakhala chosasinthika, kotero kubzala ndi chisamaliro sikovuta. Mizu ya duwa ndi yapamwamba kwambiri, chifukwa malowo pansi pa mitengo yobala zipatso nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa kuti aphimbe gawo pansi pa korona.
Malo oyenera kukula amatha kusiyanasiyana - atha kukhala bwino feteleza dothi kapena loam. Ngati chiwembuchi sichinaleredwe kale, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mukumba malo osazama kwambiri mutabzala, onjezani chidebe cha chinthu chachilengedwe ndi magalamu zana a feteleza wa superphosphate pa mita imodzi. malo oyandikira. Kubzala zitha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri - izi ndi mbewu, ndi mbande (matako).
Kukula mwamphamvu kwa mbewu
Kulima mbewu yayitali
Ngati ayuga adabzalidwa koyamba, ndibwino kugula mbewu m'masitolo apadera, ali ndi kumera pafupifupi zana limodzi ndipo adalandira chithandizo choyambirira kuchokera ku matenda opatsirana ndi tizilombo. Kufesa mbewu zitha kuchitika m'dzinja "m'nyengo yozizira", mulching malowo mutabzala ndi masamba okongola, kapena kumapeto kwa chaka, nthaka ikayamba kutentha mpaka madigiri 5-10, ndikugawa mbewu pamalowo kuti muwaphimbe ndi chosanjikiza cha humus kapena peat, ndiye kuthira madzi ambiri ofunda.
- Sikoyenera kufesa kwambiri, banja ndiwokwanira.Mbewu zolimba sizochepa, kotero zimatha kugawidwa mosavuta ndi osalimba, pambuyo pafupifupi 8-10 masentimita, mzere, pakati pa mizere ya 10-15 cm.
- Ngati mulibe nthawi m'dzinja, kufesa kumatha kuchitika kumapeto, nthaka ikacha.
- Musaiwale kuthirira, koma osayesa kudzaza bedi: kutumphuka kwa dziko lapansi kumatha kusweka ndi kuwuka ndikumauma, kuthyola achinyamata mphukira ndi muzu. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuthilira madzi pang'ono, kuti muchepetse kuyanika padziko lapansi.
- Mbewu za ayuga zikaonekera, zimayenera kumasulidwa ku namsongole oyandikana.
Pang'onopang'ono, nthaka yokweza pansi imakwera ndikuphimba malo omwe anapatsidwamo ndi kapeti yopitilira.
Kubzala malo ogulitsira
Ayuga khumi wakubala
Komanso m'masitolo odziwika bwino mutha kugula mbande zamtundu wokhala ndi zotumphuka (matako) okonzeka. Konzani zophukira kuti mubzale zithandiza malangizo atsatanetsatane omwe akuphatikizidwa phukusi.
Kubzala mbande za auga m'nthaka kumachitika m'mwezi wa Meyi, pamene dziko lapansi limatentha mopitilira madigiri 5, madzi oundana omwe angathe kulowa panthaka si chopinga pakubzala koyambirira, popeza mbewuyo imatha kupulumuka chifukwa cha kuzizira mpaka madigiri 10.
Ndikwabwino kubzala zipatso m'mawa kuti mukhale ndi nthawi yothirira madzi ambiri dzuwa lisanatuluke. Mtunda woyenera pakati pa zikumera ndi 23 cm masentimita kuchokera kwina, mutabzala lapansi umapangidwa ndi manja, ndikupanga tubercle yaying'ono kuzungulira mmera.
Mkhalidwe wokukula, maubwino
Kulima mosamalitsa komanso chisamaliro
Kuyang'anira Ayuga ndikofunikira m'masiku oyamba okha, kufikira mizu itazika mizu, chisamaliro chimakhala kuthirira tsiku ndi tsiku ndikuteteza mbewu ku dzuwa. Kuthirira kumatha kuyimitsidwa pomwe masamba oyamba pamasitepe akuwonekera. Mbewu zikamera, kuthirira kumatha kuchitika pokhapokha ngati nthaka yayuma kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, nyengo yotentha kapena kutentha kwambiri. Ingoyiyi musamaiwale za kudulira malowo pamsongole.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino zakupulumuka pamizimba yotere ndikuti mizu yake ndi yopepuka ndipo ndikosavuta kuyimitsa kuti isafalikire popanda kukumba malire mu malingaliro angapo, mwachitsanzo, pamalire. Malirewo akhoza kukhala aliwonse: amwala, zitsulo, pulasitiki. Ngati chomera chabzalidwa kuti chitha kuphimba chiunda ndi unyinji wobiriwira ngati udzu, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuwadula pamene ma rosette apangidwe, ndiye kuti amadyera amakhala owala bwino, owawasa osakhala owuma kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kugawa ndi kubereka
Chithunzi cha Ayuga khumi cha atropurpurea
Chifundo chimafalikira mwachisawawa ndi mbewu. Kubzala ndi mbeu kumatha kudzilungamitsa pokhapokha ngati padalibe mbewu m'munda m'mbuyomu, chifukwa mukalandira mbewu kuchokera pachaka chamtsogolo, mawonekedwe a mitundu yoyambirira amasintha. Njira yodziwika yochulukitsira kubzala ndi yamasamba.
Kwa mbande mwanjira imeneyi, ndikofunikira kusankha malo akulu kwambiri omwe amakhala pamasamba ndikuwachotsa kumalo atsopano okonzedwa ndikuthilira tsiku lililonse ndikufunika kosamalira mmera.
Kukhala pansi kumachitika bwino kwambiri motalikirana kwa 10-15 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Ngati ana onse azika mizu, ndiye kuti mutha kuwononga malowa ndikufikitsa mbewu "zowonjezera" kumalo ena.
Chomera chimatha kubereka chokha. Choyamba, ndikudzigulitsa. Mukakhwinyata, mbewuzo zimatulutsa ndipo zimakankhidwa ndi mphepo zimatha kukhala pamalo ena osavomerezeka m'mundamo. Kugawidwa ndi mivi yamaluwa (masharubu) ndizothekanso.
Pofuna kupewa kudzilimbitsa nokha, ndikofunikira kuchotsa mivi ndi ma peden pamene aoneka. Njirayi siyowononga nthawi yambiri, koma iyenera kuchitidwa kuti tipewe kugwiritsanso ntchito mundawo.
Matenda azomera
Mtima Ayuga zokwawa herbaceous lotseguka
Ayuga saumirira kuti azisamalira komanso kulimbana ndi matenda. Bwino limakana matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi, osavunda komanso zowola muzu, kupewa kufalikira kwa matenda owopsa m'mundamo. Vuto lalikulu kwambiri kwa Zhivuchki ndi ma teardrops, omwe amakonda masamba amadzuwa. Mzere wa miyala kapena miyala yotsanulidwa pamalowo kapena njira ya "agogo" amathandiza kulimbana nawo - kupopera phulusa miyala yamadzi ndi kulowetsedwa.
Zomera zamasamba pambuyo pa maluwa
Chithunzi chachikulu chakukwawa kwa atropurpurea
Monga tanena kale, kusakatula mbewu kuti zibzalidwe zina sizikupanga nzeru, chifukwa amataya zinthu zoyambirira, ndibwino kuchotsa mabokosi ambewuwo asanakhwime, kuti asakhale ndi mwayi wodzibyala.
M'nyengo yozizira, chipale chofewa chikakhala chokwanira, palibe masamba obiriwira owopsa omwe amawopsa ndipo chomera chimayenda bwino. Ngati nyengo yamvula sikhala yopanda chipale, ndibwino kuphimba mbewuzo ndi nthambi za spruce, masamba owuma kapena chilichonse chivundikiro. Komabe, ndikofunika kuti zikhazikike mbewu za apainiyawo mosasamala nthawi yozizira.
Mitundu yotchuka ndi mitundu ya tenacity
Mwa mbewu zachikhalidwe, obereketsa adabzala mitundu ingapo ya Ayuga, ndipo zonsezi zidapangidwa kuti zitha kubzala chiwembu ndi kapeti wobiriwira wobiriwira, ndichifukwa chake amatchedwanso chivundikiro.
Onani mitundu ina:
Little creeper (Ajuga reptans)
Ajuga abweretsanso chithunzi chaching'ono
Amamera panja m'malo otentha a ku Europe, Asia ku Iran ndi North America. Iwo ndi osatha ndi mphukira zokwawa zaudzu zazitali masentimita 15 mpaka 25, wokutidwa ndi tsitsi lofewa komanso lotentha. Kuchokera pamizu ya rosette kumachokera phesi, masamba omwe amakhala pamtengo ndi petioles lalifupi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi ovoid ozungulira okhala ndi m'mphepete mwa wavy. Duwa limafanana ndi kapu yooneka ngati belu, ndikupanga chidutswa cha zidutswa 5-7. Mitundu ya petals ndi ya buluu kapena ya buluu yokhala ndi mlomo wamfupi, wamanja awiri. Zomera zimayamba kuphuka mu Meyi, kutalika kwa maluwa ndi masabata awiri mpaka atatu.
Chipale cha Arctic
Mtundu wopulumuka posachedwapa wokhala ndi masamba amphamvu otumbika, omwe amakula 11 mpaka 15 centimeter, ndipo malo oyera ndi okwera m'mbali mwake pakatikati komanso kolowera koyera m'mphepete;
Mtambo wakuda
Zosiyanasiyana ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira, omwe ali ndi utoto wofiirira pakati. M'mphepete mwa tsamba sindosiyana, ndimawonekedwe akufanana ndi kakhalidwe. Mukakulira m'malo okhala ndi magetsi owala bwino.
Chocolite Chip
Chomera chotsika mpaka masentimita 6 kutalika ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono a ellipsoid omwe amakula mpaka 5 cm, 1 mpaka 2 sentimita mulifupi. Mtundu wa masamba ndi wobiriwira kapena wakuda. Masamba sasintha mtundu akamakula m'malo opepuka kapena amdima;
Multicolor
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zosowa kwambiri za ayuga, mtundu wa masamba amatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera kuwala. Kuwala kowala kumapangitsa tsamba kukhala lofiirira ndi zidutswa za lalanje, m'malo owala masamba amakhala obiriwira ndi masamba achikasu - pinki
Burgundy Gloe
Mtundu uwu wa tenacity uli ndi masamba ofiirira-violet, zonona m'mphepete. Pa masamba pali pinki wopanda mawonekedwe - mawanga ofiira pakatikati pa tsamba. Masamba akayamba kuyatsidwa bwino, kusiyanasiyana kwa mawanga kumatchulidwanso;
Zoyala
Mitundu iyi ya ayugi imakhala ndi maluwa okongola a buluu, masamba obiriwira ochepa komanso obiriwira obzalidwa pamtengo pomwe pali mawonekedwe opanda kirimu kapena owoneka ngati pinki ofanana ndi stroke.
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri yazitsulo ndi iyi: Variegata, Bengal, Dixie Chip, Catlins Dzheint, Pink Elf, Toffy Chip, Siliva Mfumukazi, Upangale, Brown Hets, Arctic Fox, Variegata Rubra, Atropurpurea ndi ena.
Pyramidal Ayuga (Ajuga pyramidalis)
Ayuga tenacity piramidi Ajuga pyramidalis
Mtundu wamitundu yotsala wamtundu wa mapiri a mapiri, 23 mpaka 26 masentimita okwera ndi masamba owalidwa pang'ono omwe amakhala ndi chizolowezi chokhazikika. Zidutswa ndi masamba zimakhala ndi villi yoyera, maluwa akutenga mtundu wa pinki, oyera ndi utoto wofiirira.
Mitundu yotchuka ya kupulumuka kwa Pyramidal:
- Lunar Landing ndiwosangalatsa kwambiri ndi maluwa otchulidwa achikasu. Wopanga mitundu iyi, Riotto, amawona mbewu iyi kukhala yoyipa komanso nthawi yomweyo yokongola, chifukwa ndizosatheka kuyifotokoza ndi mawonekedwe wamba;
- Crispa - masamba obiriwira obiriwira obiriwira obisika pamiyala, ali ndi duwa lamtambo kapena lamtambo;
- Metallica Crispa ndi duwa laling'ono, mpaka masentimita 5, atuta masamba obiriwira okhala ndi mawonekedwe achitsulo.
Geneva Ayuga (Ajuga genevensis)
Chithunzi cha maluwa a Ayuga osasinthika a Geneva
Kwawo ndi Europe, Asia Minor, Iran. Amamera m'miyala yowoneka bwino komanso makoma a nkhalango zowirira. Tsinde ndi lalitali masentimita 15 mpaka 40, masamba oyambira ndi ofupika, osambira pamtanda wokhala ndi mano owongoka. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono amatenga khutu mu ndalama zitatu kapena 7. Maluwa amatha kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuyambira yoyera mpaka yabuluu kapena yapinki. Duwa ili ndi mlomo wawung'ono wapamwamba, ndipo wotsika-pansi atatu, pali maluwa okhala ndi mitundu yosakanikirana.
Chios (Ajuga chia)
Aivuga Ayuga Chios Ajuga chia
Kwawo ndi Caucasus, Asia Little, Iran, ndi Mediterranean. Imakula m'mizere ndi m'miyala yamapiri. Ichi ndi mbewu yosatha ndi tsinde lokwanira mpaka masentimita 20 ndi tsinde lopindika pansi, lomwe limatsitsidwa ndi mulu woyera. Masamba otsika amakhala ozungulira popanda nthiti kapena kukhala ndi masamba atatu pamwamba pa tsamba. Maluwa ndi axillary, ang'ono, milomo yapansi ndi utoto wachikasu, maluwa ndi pubescent. Chomera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala, popeza chimakhala ndi zinthu zotsutsana ndi bacteria.
Laxman (Ajuga laxmanni)
Ajuga Laxmanni
Ili ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka, thunthu limakula kuchoka pa 25 mpaka theka la mita, kutalika ndi tsitsi loyera, lalikulupo, lathunthu, masamba owoneka ndi utoto woyera, maluwa a axillary, ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi utoto wachikasu, pinki kapena wosakanikirana ndi phale lautoto.
Hutchbone (Ajuga chamaecyparissus)
Chomera chachifupi, cha chaka chilichonse, chamtundu wa hercaceous chotalika kuposa masentimita 6, chimasiyanitsa masamba amtundu wa imvi, mwina otikumbutsa chitsononkho. Zomera zimachokera kununkhira kosangalatsa kwa cori. Maluwawo amakhala ndi maluwa ndipo amakhala ndi mtundu wachikaso; amatha kutulutsa kuyambira koyambirira kwa Meyi mpaka nthawi yophukira.
Turkestan (Ajuga turkestanica)
Chithunzi cha Ayuga Turkestan Ajuga turkestanica
End End to Western Tien Shan, wopezeka kumapiri a Tajikistan ndi Uzbekistan. Ndi shrub yaying'ono yokhala ndi nthambi zingapo. Pamitengo pali masamba owoneka bwino, okhala ndi kutalika kwa 6 ndi mainchesi awiri. Pamwamba pa tsinde ndi maluwa owala kwambiri. Zopopera kuchokera ku izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera mankhwala azamankhwala ndi cosmetology.
