Lunaria akukula kuchokera pa mbewu mutabzala Chithunzi cha maluwaKutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Lunaris kapena lunaria (lat. Lunaria) ndi mtundu wazomera wazaka chimodzi komanso wosatha herbaceous wa banja la Cruciferous (Kabichi). Dzinalo la sayansi limachokera ku liwu loti "luna", lomwe limatanthawuza thupi lakumwamba, satellite ya Dziko Lapansi. Zomwe zimayambitsa kukondweretsa kunali mawonekedwe a poto wokulungika, yemwe, pambuyo yakucha, amapeza utoto wonyezimira, ndi wopepuka. Chifukwa chake, mtengowo udatchedwa wachikondi, mwezi, udzu wa mwezi. Anthu ena odabwitsa amatsata kufanana kwa zipatso ndi ndalama - mmera umatchedwanso siliva, wopanga ndalama kapena siliva.
Lunaris ndi chomera chakale kwambiri cha nthawi ya Tertiary, chomwe chimamera m'nkhalango zowuma. Walimidwa ku Europe kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 16. Kudula mitengo mwachisawawa kumamuika pachiwopsezo cha kutha.
Lunaris ndi mbewu 50-90 masentimita, nthambi zake ndizowoneka bwino, zophimbidwa ndi villi yaying'ono. Masamba a masamba ndi akulu, owoneka pamtima, okhala ndi mbali zolumikizidwa, amalumikizidwa ndi petioles zazitali, malowa akutsutsana.
Pachimake
Maluwa ndi akulu, lilac, lilac, lofiirira kapena loyera, amasonkhana kumtunda kwa mphukira mwamantha inflorescence, ndi onunkhira.
Pambuyo pa maluwa, zipatso zowoneka bwino zamadzimadzi zimapezeka, nthanga zimawonekera pang'onopang'ono. Kumera kwa mbeu kumapitilira kwa zaka zitatu.
Mtundu wocheperako umaphatikiza mitundu inayi yokha, ndipo awiri okha mwaiwo ndi omwe amapangidwa. Ali ndi chikhalidwe chawo pobala, mosiyana pazofunikira pakuwonekera kwa nthaka ndikuwunikira, tikambirana zonse mwatsatanetsatane.
Lunaria kapena lunaris imalimidwa m'minda ndi paminda yaumwini, yogwiritsidwa ntchito kumapaki, mabwalo. Chomera chokhala ndi zipatso zoyambirira chikuyamba kutchuka osati kokha pakati pa okonda maluwa, komanso pakati pa opanga mawonekedwe. Chinsinsi chake chochititsa chidwi sichisiya anthu opanda chidwi.
Pamene lunary limamasuka
Maluwa akutalika kwambiri kuyambira pakati pa Meyi mpaka pakati pa Juni, kukopa kununkhira kwa njuchi ndi tizilombo tina.
Kukula lorenia kuchokera ku mbewu
Chithunzi cha mbewu za Lunaria
Pofesa lorenia pansi
- Mbewu za pachaka zobzala chaka chilichonse zimafesedwa poyera mu Meyi, koma maluwa azidzachitika chaka chamawa chokha.
- Mwa njira, mbewu imadziwika ndi kumera bwino, kotero mukafesa poyera, mutha kubweza masentimita 40 mosamala pakati pa mbande.
- Pakutha maluwa mu nyengo ino, gwiritsani ntchito mbande zokulitsa.
Momwe mungabzalale lorenia kuchokera kumbewu za mbande
Chithunzi cha mbewu ya Lunaria pachaka chikuwombera
Bzalani mbande za mwezi mu March m'malo obiriwira ozizira kapena kunyumba pawindo. Pofesa, sankhani mbewu zapamwamba - pafupifupi 6 mm m'mimba mwake, zofiirira.
- Dzazani mabokosi kapena makaseti a mbande ndi dothi lopanda thanzi (ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lapansi pakukula mbande), tsekani nthcito mpaka madzi akuya 1-1,5 masentimita.
- Phimbani ndi galasi kapena pulasitiki pamwamba, koma mpweya wabwino tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Kuunikira kovuta, kutentha kwa mpweya pakati pa 20-25 ° C ndi kuthirira koyenera kudzafunika.
Lunaria pachaka mbande chithunzi mu makaseti
- Mphukira zaubwenzi zimawonekera patatha sabata limodzi, ndiye kuti pothawirako ayenera kuchotsedwa.
- Pakupanga masamba awiri enieni, zibzalani m'malo osiyanasiyana.
Ikani mbande panthaka kumapeto kwa Epulo, pangani mabowo mu kukula kwa mizu ndi chotupa, ndikugulitsa mosamala. Mtunda pakati pa mbewu ndi 40 cm.
Lunaria nthawi yachisanu kufesa mu dothi
Lacharis yamoyo imamera kuchokera ku mbewu kapena kufalikira pogawa chitsamba. Ndikofunika kuchititsa kufesa mbewu nthawi yachisanu, kubzala pafupi chisanu. Sankhani malo oyimitsa mundawo, pukumbani dothi mpaka pakuya 20 cm, kufunikira kwa kuwonjezera mandimu a dothi ndi humus. Limbitsani mbeu m'nthaka ndi masentimita 3-5. Mu nthawi yophukira, pezani zolowera mtunda wa masentimita 40 pakati pa mbewu.
Lunaria ikamatera
Kuwala kwa pachaka kumakula bwino m'malo otentha dzuwa, kulolerana pang'ono kupindika. Ponena za kapangidwe ka dothi ndi chosasangalatsa, koma kuphatikiza kwake zakudya kumapangitsa maluwa ambiri. Nthaka yonyansa sidzalepheretseka "kudzazidwa" ndi peat kapena kompositi; komanso kuwonjezera feteleza wama mchere.
Lunaris, yomwe imayamba kukhala ndi dzuwa mwachindunji, sinasinthike bwino, chomera padzuwa limafota ndipo imasanduka chikasu. Nthaka imafunika yopatsa thanzi, yopanda chinyezi.
Kusamalira Kunja kwa Lunaria
Zomera zazing'ono zamadzi, koma nthawi zambiri, kangapo pa sabata ndizokwanira. Pakakhala chilala chachikulu, thirirani madzi pafupipafupi, koma osalolera kuti madziwo asungunuke. Pafupi ndi dzinja, siyani kuthirira.
Nthawi ndi nthawi mumasula nthaka mutathilira kapena kugwa kwamvula. Yeretsani ukhondo nthawi zonse pochotsa udzu.
Tchire tambiri limatha kuvutika ndi mphepo yamphamvu, choncho timangirani zomata.
Zisanu
Lunaria kapena mwezi suyenera kugona kwapadera nthawi yozizira. Pansi pa chivundikiro cha chisanu chimatha kupirira nyengo yozizira kwambiri.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Wophatikiza ndalama amalimbana ndi matenda komanso tizilombo toononga.
Matenda oyamba ndi fungus (powdery mildew, fusarium, mosaic) nthawi zina amatha; kuthandizira kukonzekera fungicidal ndikofunikira.
Tizilombo touluka kopambanitsa ndikuwopsa kwa banja lonse la Kabichi. Ndikosavuta kuchichotsa pakuchotsa manyowa ndi tizilombo.
Lunaria kapena mwezi mu kapangidwe kamangidwe
Lunaria pazithunzi mawonekedwe
Lunaria kapena lunaris ali ndi zabwino zingapo zozizwitsa: mawonekedwe apachiyambi, kusadzichiritsa pochoka, kuthekera kokula bwino pamthunzi.
Nthawi zambiri imabzalidwa m'magulu kapena kuphatikizidwa mosakanizika ndi mbewu zina zosatha. Osabzala zitsamba pafupi kwambiri, mbewu zokhala bwino sizinakhazikike bwino ndipo zimafalikira.
Tiyeni tiwone mitundu yosangalatsa ya lunarasi pakupanga mawonekedwe:
Monga mnansi wodzichepetsa
Tengani malo podzala mbewuyo, mubzale tchire losiyana (lenileni 2-3 limawerengera aliyense) uchi ndi maluwa, clematis, maluwa, tulips, daffodils. M'chaka choyamba cha kukula, adzakondwera ndi masamba akulu, ndipo maluwa ndi zipatso, mwezi uzigogomezera kukongola kwa abwenzi.
Munda wamaluwa wopanda ulemu
Lunaria ndi allium okhala ndi tulips ndi chithunzi cha hyacinths
Sikuti nthawi ilipo, ndipo chidwi chofuna dimba, lingaliro lobzala - ochepa antchito. Phatikizani ndi perennials zomwe sizimafuna kusamalidwa mosamala ndikudzipatsa nokha mbewu. Anthu oyandikana nawo a Lunaria ndi mabelu, lupins, digitalis, aquilegia, barberry, cinquefoil, hydrangea, oiwaluwala-aisi, ma daisi. Ma mesh apulasitiki, omwe amaikidwa nthawi yobzala, amathandizira kuti azikhala ndi mawonekedwe, mphukira zazing'ono zimaphuka kudzera m'maselo.
Munda wokongola
Lunaria ndi maluwa enaLunaria ndi maluwa ena
Pamwamba pa dothi yokutidwa ndi miyala, miyala kapena miyala, pansi pake pamakhala udzu. Zomera zokongola zosagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala - zimagwiritsa ntchito kubzala - mwachitsanzo, lunaria wathu, wobzalidwa ndi gulu. Othandizana nawo abwino adzakhala fennel, chowawa, thyme, asters, geraniums, tansy, udzu wa nthenga wokongola, barele, angelica. Zowoneka, mabowo oterowo amasiyanitsidwa ndi tchire kapena mayendedwe otsika. Zimakhala mtundu wamasamba akuthengo, chotsani tchire lokwanira kuti mubzale kubzala bwino.
Gladeti pamalo otetezeka
Lunaria mu chithunzi cha maluwa
Chifukwa cha kulolerana kwa mthunzi, lunaria ikhoza kubzalidwa pagulu pansi pa mitengo kapena tchire lalitali. Bright fuchsia idzakwaniritsa kapangidwe kake.
Udzu wanyowa
Lunaria ndi chithunzi cha njere
Pafupifupi 70% yabzala ndi munda kapena fescue. Malo ena onsewo ndi odzaza ndi mwezi, maulosi a chimanga, ma daisi, kusaiwala ine, ma poppie, calendula, clover ya meadow, fulakesi yokongoletsera, utoto, Iberis.
Lunaria ngati duwa louma
Chithunzi cha Lunaria chowuma
Zojambula zowuma za bokosi la ndalama ndi mbewu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga ma bouquets, mapanelo, utoto ndi zojambula zina.
Maphwando okongola amaimilira mu bokosi kwa nthawi yayitali. Mutha kuwonjezera celosia, amaranth, gelichrysum, ziboliboli, craspedia, volzhanka, gypsophila, ndi windows sill ku lunar.
Mitundu ya Lunaria yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina
Lunar pachaka Lunaria annua
Chithunzi cha Lunar pachaka Lunaria annua
Mosiyana ndi dzinalo, ndizikhalidwe zamitundu iwiri. M'chaka choyamba, chitsamba chimakula, ndipo maluwa amatuluka mchaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Nthambi zokhala ndi masamba zimafikira masentimita 60. Masamba omwe ali ndi masamba amapanga mazira kwambiri, amakhala ndi zokutira zonyezimira, m'mphepete zimasanjidwa, masamba amakhala osalala kapena ophatikizika ndi petioles lalifupi. Maluwa oyera, ofiirira kapena a violet amasonkhanitsidwa mu genemose, nthawi yamaluwa imagwera pa Meyi-m'ma June.
Chithunzi cha pachaka cha kanjedza
Kenako, pamakhala zilembo zooneka ngati ma disk, zomwe zimakhwima pofika Seputembala, ndikupeza kuwala kwa bulauni. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati duwa louma. Kuti muchite izi, mutatha kucha, zimayambira ziyenera kudula mpaka muzu ndikuziwuma m'chipinda chowuma cha milungu iwiri.
M'mayiko olankhula Chingerezi, mbewuyo ili ndi mayina angapo: "kuwona mtima" - kuwona mtima, chifukwa cha kuwonekera kwa chipatso, mwezi - chilimwe - udzu wa mwezi, maluwa otulutsa - maluwa, ndalama.
Lunaris akubwezeretsa Lunaria rediviva
Lunaris akubwezeretsa chithunzi cha Lunaria rediviva
Osatha herbaceous wokhala ndi mphukira mamita okwera. Zimayambira zimayang'ana molunjika, yokutidwa ndi fluff, nthambi yabwino pamwamba. Masamba apamwamba ali ndi mawonekedwe owongoka, pafupifupi pang'ono pang'ono, otsika amakhala oumbika mtima, opanda kanthu. Maluwa ndi ofiirira, masentimita anayi.Podula chowulungika chimafika kutalika kwa 5 cm, mbali zonse ziwiri ndizowongoka, zokhwima kumapeto kwa Ogasiti.
M'malo achilengedwe limakhala m'nkhalango pansi pa mitengo, ndilofala m'malo otseguka, limakwera m'mapiri mpaka kutalika kwa 1400 m pamwamba pa nyanja. Dothi limachita zinthu mokwanira, lachonde, silimachita nawo kanthu. Zofesedwa ndi mbewu (makamaka) kapena vegetatively (kugawa nthiti).
Mbewu zowala za chithunzi chotsitsimutsa
Mbewu zimamera kumapeto kwa Epulo kapena kumayambiriro kwa Meyi, kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe masamba awiri owona amapangidwa. Mukugwa, maluwa adzapangidwa, ndipo maluwa adzabwera kumapeto kwa masika. Chakumapeto kwa Ogasiti, mwana wosabadwa wamangidwa. Nthawi zina mu Ogasiti, maluwa obwereza amapezeka - inflorescence imapereka mphukira "belated".
Pa chikhalidwe kuyambira 1597 yomwe ili kutali.
