Lobelia ndi maluwa ochititsa chidwi omwe amatha kukongoletsa bedi lililonse la maluwa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi nthawi yayitali maluwa zimapangitsa duwa kukhala lofunika kwa wamaluwa. Koma kukulira sikophweka konse. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kudziwa zovuta zonse za kukula ndi kusamalira chomera chodabwitsachi kuti chisawononge maluwa a lobelia omwe amabzala kunyumba.
Zomwe mukufuna kuti muchite bwino
Ngakhale duwa limakhala losatha, ngakhale pakati pa Russia sililekerera chisanu, chifukwa chake limayenera kubzalidwa malo otseguka chaka chilichonse.
Pofuna kubzala lobelia chaka chilichonse, mutha kuuchotsa kuchokera kumaluwa kukhala miphika yoyambilira nthawi yophukira ndi kusamukira ku chipinda chotenthetsera. Kunyumba, adachita bwino nyengo yabwino ndikubzala m'nthaka kudzaphuka kwambiri.
Lobelia ikhoza kukhala yamtundu ndi mitundu yamitengo:
- Chilungamo (zitsamba zopendekera zomwe zimamera masentimita makumi atatu).
- Compact (zitsamba zozungulira zokulira masentimita makumi awiri).
- Ampelic (nthambi zosachedwa kuphuka zimamera mpaka theka la mita).
Kuti duwa likule bwino komanso kusangalala ndi maluwa ambiri, ziyenera kupangidwira duwa ili.
Zabwino kwambiri kubzala maluwa. dongo kapena dothi lamchenga, yomwe idzasiyanitsidwe ndi friability ndi kupepuka. Malo ogona maluwa amafunika kusankhidwa poyera, kuti athe kuwoneka ndi dzuwa.
Sakonda lobelia yachilala, motero ndikofunikira kuti azitha kuthirira pafupipafupi. Zachidziwikire, sizingatheke kukula chomera chodzaza popanda kuvala mwa nthawi yayitali.
Kuti tchire la lobelia likule momwe wokolola amafunikira, amafunika kuti azichepetsedwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Mutha kuthanso kutsitsa, zomwe zimathandiza kuti duwa lirilonse lizikula.
Kubzala lobelia pa mbande
Kuti mupeze mbande zoyambirira, yambani kubzala kumapeto kwa dzinja, m'mwezi wa February. Inde, mutha kuyamba ngakhale m'mwezi wa Disembala, monga momwe amalimi ena amachitira, koma pankhaniyi ndikofunikira kupereka mphukira ndi kuwunikira kowonjezereka, popanda amene maluwa athunthu sadzakula.
Mbande zomwe zimakula kuchokera ku mbewu popanda zowunikira zowonjezereka zimatambalala, kuyesera kuyandikira pafupi ndi gwero la kuwala kwachilengedwe. Ndi Imachepetsa kukula kwa mbande ndipo imathandizira kuti pakhale matenda omwe mopanda tanthauzo amatha kuwononga mbewu yonse.
Mbande, zobzalidwa kumapeto kwa February, zimakula bwino, zakonzeka kupirira matenda omwe maluwawa amatenga.
Zomwe mukufunikira kuti mukhale ndi lobelia kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba:
- Bokosi lathyathyathya lokhala ndi mbali zotsika komanso mabowo opangidwa pansi.
- Galasi yoyenera
- Nthaka yachonde.
- Potaziyamu permanganate.
- Zowunikira zowonjezera (ngati zikufika kuyambira Disembala mpaka Januware).
Mbewu ya lobelia ndiyochepa kwambiri, yofanana ndi mchenga, choncho muyenera kusamala mukamabzala. Akatswiri amalangiza kusakaniza mbewu ndi mchenga wocheperapo kuti mbewuzo zikamere moyenerera pang'onopang'ono. Palinso njira ina, yotsika mtengo, koma yovuta. M'masitolo apadera, mbewu za lobelia zimagulitsidwa mwanjira zama granes. Munjira iyi, ndizoyenera kuwabzala m'mapiritsi apadera a peat, omwe adapangidwa kuti azikula mbande.
Nthaka yoti ibzale iyenera kukhala yapadera pakukula mbande kuchokera pasitolo. Mutha kukonzekera dothi nokha, koma muyenera kusamalira izi kuyambira pakugwa, chifukwa pali mwayi wochepa wokumbira pansi m'nthawi yachisanu m'mwezi wa February. Zomwe zimapangidwazo zikuphatikiza peat, kompositi, mchenga wamtsinje. Maziko ndi oyenera kwambiri malo oyang'anira dimba. Ngati acidity ya kapangidweyo itakulitsidwa, ndiye kuti mandimu kapena ufa wa dolomite uyenera kuwonjezeredwa.
Lobelia pakukula mbande amakonda thireyi ndi dongosolo lakonzedwa bwino. Ndikofunikira kudzaza dothi lokonzedweramo ndikuwongolera nthaka. Chidebechi chimafunikira kuthiriridwa, koma mbewu zitha kubzalidwa tsiku lotsatira.
Mbewu zimayikidwa papulogalamu yolungidwa pakati, yomwe imaphwanyidwa pang'onopang'ono mu chidebe chokonzedwa, kuyesera kugawana mozungulira ponseponse. Palibe choletsa kuphulitsa mbewu yobzalidwa. Ndikofunikira kuwaza lapansi kuchokera kutsitsi ndi njira yofiyira yapinki ya potaziyamu. Ndikofunika kuyika kapu yayikulu pa tray ndi kuyika nthangala pamalo otentha kuti kumera bwino.
Kusamalira mbande?
Mbande za lobelia kunyumba zimatha kumera patatha sabata limodzi. Koma ngakhale nthawi yosangalatsayi isanakwane, chotengera chomwe chili ndi njere chimayenera kupukusidwa tsiku ndi tsiku, kupukuta chopukutira, kukweza galasi.
Zikumera koyamba amakulolani kuti muchotse galasi ndikunyamula nazale mu thumba la pulasitiki lowonekera, lomwe limayenera kumangirizidwa kuti pasapezeke mpweya. Pamodzi ndi izi, muyenera kusintha malo omwe malo obiriwira adzaimire. Tsopano akufunika kuwala, koma osati mwachindunji dzuwa, lomwe limatha kuwotcha pang'ono. Koma mu mawonekedwe awa, mbande sizingasiyidwe popanda chidwi kwa nthawi yayitali. Tsiku lililonse, chovala chamafuta chimayenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo madzi omwe amaphatikizamo ayenera kuphwanyika. Kenako muyenera kulongedza chilichonse mwamphamvu.
Kuthirira lobelia kuti tipewe kuwola kwa mphukira ndikuwoneka ngati nkhungu pamwamba ndizosatheka. Ndikwabwino kuyiyika m'bokosilo lomwe lili ndi madzi, koma izi ziyenera kuchitika kwa mphindi zochepa. Ngati zilibe chotengera choyenera kapena chovuta kupanga, mungathe kuthilira nthaka ndi syringe kapena supuni.
Ngati nkhungu ikupezekabe pamtunda, muyenera kuchitapo kanthu kuti muchotse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti wosanjikiza wapamwamba akuyenera kuchotsedwa, ndikuwaza dothi lopangidwalo lomwe limaphwanyidwa tizinthu tating'ono kaboni yodziyambitsa.
Momwe mungakulire lobelia osati kuwononga mbande zamera zomwe zikuwoneka ngati vuto losathetseka. Kumbali imodzi, duwa sililekerera chilala, koma nthawi imodzimodziyo limatha kufa ndi chinyezi chambiri. Ndipo yankho ndi losavuta, muyenera kuyang'anira mbewu nthawi zonse. Dothi likangoyamba kuyanika - madzi, masulani nthawi zonse ndipo musaiwale kupuma.
Ngati muli ndi chidwi ndi funso la momwe mungakulire lobelia wamkulu - kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kumachitika chimodzimodzi monga tafotokozera pamwambapa. Pokhapokha izi zimabzalidwa, mwachitsanzo, mtanga, womwe umayimitsidwa, ndipo mbewu zimapachikidwa ndi mafunde obiriwira.
Kutola ndi kubalalitsa
Pamene lobelia yakula, imadzimbidwa. Izi zikuyenera kuyambika mutatha kunyowetsa nthaka mu bokosilo. Kenako, ndikudya supu yotsekemera, ikani tchire zingapo, pamodzi ndi dothi ndikuziika m'miphika ina kapena chidebe chimodzi, koma patali osachepera masentimita atatu pambali. Kuzungulira chitsamba chilichonse chodulidwa, dziko lapansi liyenera kupendekeka pang'ono ndikuthiriridwa bwino.
Pamene nkhokwe idachita bwino, tchire la lobelia limayamba kukula mwachangu. Ndikofunika kuyembekezera kuti akule mpaka masentimita atatu, kenako kufupikitsa mbewuzo ndi milimita angapo. Izi ndizofunikira kuti maluwawo azikhala bwino kusunthana ndikuyenda bwino pamtunda.
Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa Juni, nthawi imayamba pomwe mbande zimayamba kubzala pamalo oyala pamabedi okonzekera maluwa, masitayilo, ndipo ngati ukuwona, ndiye paphiri. Adabzala kale opanga tchire pamtunda wa osakwana masentimita khumi.
Nthaka ya duwa ili siliyenera kukhala lachonde kwambiri. Nthaka zoterozo zimapereka udzu wobiriwira, ndipo lobelia sadzaphuka, izi zipangitsa kuti mtengo wokongoletsera wa mtengowu utayike. Dziko lapansi liyenera kukhala ndi humus yambiri, yomwe ingapatse zotsatira zomwe zingafunikire maluwa.
Mwa kudula tchire pakatikati pa chilimwe mpaka masentimita asanu kutalika, mutha kulimbikitsa kukhazikitsa kwa masamba atsopano ndi kukula kwa yogwira kwathunthu padziko lonse lapansi. Nthawi imeneyi, ndikofunikira kudyetsa mbewuzo ndi feteleza amadzimadzi kuti muzikhala ndi maluwa komanso kukula nthawi zonse.
Chifukwa chake, ndikotheka kukula lobelia kuchokera kumbewu kunyumba, ngakhale muyenera kuyesetsa kuti musawononge mbewu zazing'ono ndi kuthirira kwambiri kapena chinyezi chosakwanira. Koma kukongola kwa duwa ndi kuthekera kwake kuti athe kuphimba pamtunda wonse ndi kapeti wobiriwira kumalimbikitsa ntchito zotere komanso kusamalira kosangalatsa kwa lobelia wobzalidwa.
