Banana chifukwa cha chisangalalo chanu

Banana (lat. Musa) - mtundu wazomera wobzala wa Banana (Musaceae), womwe kwawo ndi kotentha kwa Southeast Asia (Southeast Asia) ndipo, makamaka, malo azilumba za Mala. Nthochi amatchedwanso zipatso za mbewuzi, zomwe zimadyedwa. Pakadali pano mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosabala ya zipatso zosaberekeka Musa × paradisiaca (mtundu wa nyama womwe sukupezeka kuthengo), wopangidwa motengera mitundu ina ya mbewuzi, umalimidwa mmaiko otentha ndipo ambiri mwaiwo amapanga gawo lochulukirapo. Mwa mbewu zomwe zalimidwa, nthochi ndi yachinayi padziko lapansi, ndipo yachiwiri ndi mpunga, tirigu ndi chimanga. Mitundu imalumikizitsa mitundu yoposa 40, yomwe imagawidwa makamaka ku Southeast Asia ndi Pacific Islands. Mitundu yakumpoto kwambiri - Banana waku Japan (Musa basjoo), wochokera ku Japan Ryukyu Islands, wakula ngati mtengo wokongoletsa pagombe la Black Sea ku Caucasus, ku Crimea ndi Georgia.

Banana

Kukula

Ngati mungatero anagula chomera chaching'ono cha nthochi - mpaka 20 cm, ndiye muyenera kuchiwonjezera icho mu mwezi - awiri mumphika wokhala ndi mphamvu yopanda malita 2-3, ndipo ngati kukula kwa nthochi ndi 50-70 masentimita, ndiye kuti atha kubzalidwa nthawi yomweyo mumphika wa malita 15-20. Miphika yayitali ndi malita 50, koma simungathe kuyikamo mwachangu, chifukwa kuvunda kwa mizu kudzachitika.

Dziko lapansi kusinthanitsa zakonzedwa pasadakhale. Pamwamba pokha, dothi labwino kwambiri lomwe limakhala lotalika masentimita 5 mpaka 10. Litara imodzi ya humus yabwino kapena vermicompost, malita awiri amchenga wamchenga ndi malita 0,5 a phulusa (phulusa) kapena zinyalala zowuma ndi matope a simenti ya pansi ziyenera kusakanikirana ndi ndowa. Onetsetsani kuti mukusakaniza chilichonse ndikuthira madzi otentha kupha tizirombo titha kukhala m'nthaka. Payenera kukhala ngalande zabwino pansi pa mphika ndi mabowo akulu akulu kapena angapo. Udongo wowonjezereka, mwala wosweka kapena zinthu zingapo zopanda vuto kapena zida zamiyala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomaliza. Ukukulira kwa dongo lokwanira kumadalira kukula kwa poto ndipo limayambira 3 mpaka 10 cm. Pamwamba pa ngalandeyo muyenera kumakutidwa ndi mchenga wonyowa kuti dothi lisalowe pansi pamphika ndipo sililetsa kutaya kwa madzi ochulukirapo panthawi yothirira. Banana iyenera kubzalidwa nthawi zonse kuposa momwe idapangidwira poyambira. Izi zimathandizira pakupanga ndi kukula kwa mizu yowonjezereka komanso mtsogolo - zokolola zabwino. Poika mbewu, yesani kusasokoneza mizu, pongogwiritsa ntchito chomera limodzi ndi mtanda wa dziko. Pambuyo pothira, muyenera kuthira nthochi ndi madzi ambiri ofunda, osakhazikika ndikuyika pawindo lowoneka bwino kapena osapitirira (osapitirira 0.5 metres) kuchokera pazenera, pakatha masiku awiri mpaka atatu nthaka yomwe ili pansi pa chomera iyenera kuthyoledwa ndi ndodo yosamveka kuti singawononge mizu. Miphika iyenera kuyikika mu poto kuti mpweya ulowemo kudzera mumabowo okuchotsera pansi. Kuti tichite izi, imayikidwa pamiyala yocheperako ndi 3-4 kapena grille ya pulasitiki.

Nthawi yachiwiri Nthochi imathiriridwa pokhapokha nthaka mumphika ikauma mpaka masentimita 1-2. Kuti muchite izi, patatha masiku angapo, nthaka mumphika imayang'aniridwa ndikupukusa mpira pansi ndi zala zitatu. Ngati ikuma, ndiye kuti madziwo kachiwiri. Ngati sichoncho, ndiye kuti mutha kuthirira, chifukwa Kutsirira pafupipafupi kumatsogolera ku acidization wa nthaka ndikuvunda mizu ya nthochi. Madzi okuthirira ayenera kukhazikika ndikuwotchedwa + 25 - + 30 o o. M'mizinda, madzi amatengedwa kuchokera pampope wamadzi otentha, ndikuwatchinjiriza kwa tsiku limodzi mchombo chotseguka, monga imakhala yosalala nthawi zonse ndipo ilibe chlorine ndi fluorine. M'nyengo yozizira, nthochi zimathiriridwa madzi pafupipafupi, makamaka ngati kutentha kwa nyumba ili pansipa + 18 ° C, apo ayi kuthilira pafupipafupi kumawola mizu ndi nthambizirizo, momwem'mphepete mwa masamba a nthochi mutembenuka bulauni ndikuuma, ndikukula kumayima ngakhale pakatentha kwambiri ndi kuwala kwabwino kumapeto kwa mvula . Ngati izi zawonongeka, ndiye kuti mbewuyo izenera kuiwika m'dothi latsopano, mutayamba kutsuka mizu ndi madzi ndikudula mbali zowola za mpingowo ndi mpeni wakuthwa. Malo odulira mizu ndi nthangala ayenera kuwazidwa ndi makala opera kapena phulusa kuti mungu usawonongeke.

M'chilimwe pomwe nthochi imatha kuyiyika khonde lowoneka bwino, ndikupititsidwira m'munda pansi pa mthunzi wa mitengo, kukumba miphika pansi kuti isaphwe. Katemera wa nylon amayenera kuyikidwa mumphika kuti zisalowe mu tizirombo kuchokera pansi zomwe zimawononga mizu. Pamakhonde, mmera umasungunuka ndi tulle kapena gauze kuti pasatenthe kuchokera ku dzuwa. Yesani kubweretsa mbewuyo mnyumba nthawi isanakwane nthawi yophukira, monga Usiku kumazizira ndipo masamba pa nthochi amasandulika chikasu, ndipo zipatsozo zimayenera kudikirira nthawi yayitali. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, nthochi imayamba kubala zipatso masamba 13 mpaka 17 atakula. Masamba amenewa amapanga, ngati kuti ambulera yapamwamba pamwamba pa thunthu la nthochi, ndipo thunthu lokha limapezeka kuchokera kumitengo yotsalira, masamba otsika pang'ono. Pakakhala masamba osasinthika, ofanana ndi mtima ndikuwonekera pamwamba penipuyo ndipo pomwepo pamaliracho chimakhala chakukulirapo kuposa pansi, tsamba lalikulu la mtundu wofiirira limatuluka pakati pa maluwa, omwe, pang'onopang'ono, limayamba kugwa pansi.

Maluwa Nthochi imatha kukhala chaka chathunthu. Pakutero, zipatso zam'mwamba zimacha, ndipo zotsika ndizobiriwira. M'nyengo yozizira, samakonda kudya nthochi - kamodzi pamwezi. Mu kasupe ndi chilimwe nthawi zambiri - kamodzi pa sabata, limodzi ndi biohumus (humus), phulusa, khutu la nsomba, manyowa obiriwira. Humus (vermicompost) imatengedwa motere: 200 g (galasi) pa lita imodzi yamadzi otentha. Kuumirira tsiku ndi kutsanulira pansi pa chomera mpaka yankho litatuluka mu dzenje lakutsamo. Humus akhoza kukhala chilichonse koma nkhuku ndi nkhumba. Mavalidwe aliwonse apamwamba amayenera kuchitika pokhapokha lapansi mumphika mutanyowa. Kupanda kutero, mutha kuwotcha mizu. Supuni ya phulusa imatengedwa pa lita imodzi yamadzi. Zomera zomwe zidakula kale, zomwe zimatalika pafupifupi mita imodzi, zimathiriridwa ndi msuzi wa nsomba kuti zipitseke zipatso. Amachita izi: 200 magalamu a zinyalala zam'madzi kapena nsomba yaying'ono yopanda mafuta, imawiritsa mu malita awiri a madzi kwa theka la ola. Kenako yankho lake limaphatikizidwa ndi madzi ozizira ndikusefa ndi cheesecloth. Njira yothetsera vutoli imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi biohumus kapena humus. Manyowa obiriwira ndi udzu kapena udzu wobiriwira uliwonse, wabwino kuposa quinoa kapena lupine. Amadulidwa mutizidutswa tating'ono ndikuthira ndi madzi otentha motengera: 1 kapu ya zitsamba pa lita imodzi ya madzi otentha. Njira yothetsera vutoli imatsimikiziridwa tsiku limodzi lokha, kenako kusefedwa kudzera mu cheesecloth ndikutsanulira pansi pa chomeracho. Ma feteleza amakhemikolo amawotcha mizu ya nthochi muchikhalidwe cha mphika, ndi bwino osazigwiritsa ntchito.

Zabwino kukula kumasula nthaka mutathirira wachiwiri - tsiku lachitatu. Kuwaza masamba a nthochi tsiku lililonse, komanso nthawi yozizira kamodzi pa sabata. Palibe tizirombo ndi matenda a nthochi mu nyengo zathu.