Maswidi okhala ndi zipatso komanso onunkhira - imodzi mwazipatso zoyambirira zamnyengo. Strawberry ali ndi mavitamini ndi michere yambiri athanzi. Mwa kuchuluka kwa vitamini C, imapeza zipatso za malalanje, ndipo calcium yomwe ili mmenemo imatha thupi lonse. Yokhala ndi ma antioxidants, masamba abwinobwino komanso okoma ndi mankhwala omwe amakonda kwa ana ndi akulu, ndipo, mbewu yomwe amakonda kwambiri wamaluwa. Zinsinsi zonse zakukula msipu m'munda zalembedwe.
Strawberry
Masamba kapena sitiroberi? Botanical mawonekedwe a mbewu
Pineapple Strawberry, kapena Sitiroberi wamtchire, kapena Makulidwe akuluakulu a zipatso (Fragaria x ananassa) ndi mbewu yobiriwira yobiriwira yamtundu wa Strawberries wa banja la Pinki. Chomera ichi ndi zipatso zake nthawi zambiri, kuphatikiza pa mabuku odziwika bwino a sayansi, amatchedwa molakwika ngati sitiroberi kapena Victoria, ngakhale kuti mawu oti sitiroberi ndi olondola kwambiri kutchulanso mtundu wina wamtundu womwewo - sitiroberi weniweni kapena sitiroberi za nati.Fragaria moschata).
Sitiroberi wamtchire (Fragaria) - mtundu wa mbewu zosatha za herbaceous za banja la Pinki. Mulinso mitundu yonse yobzala zipatso zamtchire (mwachitsanzo: sitiroberi zamtchire, sitiroberi lathyathyathya, sitiroberi yakutchire, sitiroberi yamtchire, sitiroberi zam'munda, ndi zina), mitundu yomwe imapezeka kuthengo (mwachitsanzo, mabulosi a chinanazi, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa sitiroberi), ndi mitundu yomwe ilipo mitundu yamtchire ndi zachikhalidwe (mwachitsanzo, sitiroberi zamtchire, sitiroberi zamtchire, zomwe zimapereka zochepa kuposa sitiroberi).
Nkhaniyi imagwiritsa ntchito dzina la mbewu iyi, ngakhale siyolondola, koma yomveka bwino kwa owerenga - sitiroberi.
Tikuwonanso kuti tekinoloje yaulimi yamitundu yambiri ya sitiroberi imakhala yomweyo, ndipo mitundu iliyonse yomwe mukukula, malangizo onse omwe ali pansipa ndi oyenera kwa inu.
Mu sitiroberi, masamba obiriwira atatu amapezeka pamtunda wa 20-25 masentimita. Inflorescence ndi scutellum yotulutsa maluwa ambiri. Maluwa nthawi zambiri amakhala amitundu iwiri, pang'onopang'ono, yoyera. Zodzikongoletsera mu mitundu ya anthu pamwamba pa zimayambira. Zambiri ndimasamba.
Zomwe zimatchedwa kuti sitiroberi kwenikweni zimakhala cholandirira, pamwamba pake pali zipatso zazing'ono zingapo - mtedza. Zipatsozi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofiira (mumtundu wosiyanasiyana), nthawi zina pinki kapena zoyera, zokhala ndi ubweya wofiyira, wokhala ndi thupi loyera.
Kukonzekera kwa chiwembu chamunda wa mabulosi
Strawberry ndi mbewu yosatha, ndipo zokolola zaka zingapo zimatengera momwe mumakonzera malowo kuti abzala.
Choyamba, ndichofunika kuchotsa tizirombo m'chilengedwe chomwe chakhazikitsidwa chifukwa chobzala sitiroberi. Onetsetsani kuti mwakumba pansi mu kugwa isanayambike chisanu chokhazikika. Mukakumba, osaphwanya zovala ndipo musamasule pansi, mudzakhala ndi nthawi yochita izi kumapeto kwa chaka, tifunikira tizirombo kuti tiwombole m'magulu awa.
Komanso, kuti muthamangitse mphutsi za mahatchi ndi waya, mutha kudzala siderata, mwachitsanzo, oats. Zikhalidwe zina zazigawo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito: mpiru, phacelia, lupine. Izi zithandiza kusintha kapangidwe ka dothi lolemera.
Musaiwale kupanga feteleza ofunikira ndi michere kuti achulukitse chonde:
- humus - 8-10 kg / m²;
- superphosphate - 80-100 g / m²;
- mchere wa potaziyamu - 50-60 g / m².
Mu kasika kubzala kwa sitiroberi, feteleza uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'dzinja la chaka chatha, ndipo koyambilira kwa nyundo - kasupe pansi pa mbewu zamasamba zoyambirira (radish, katsabola, saladi).
Yesani kusankha malo omwe mabulosi amatsegulidwa, popanda mitengo yowonjezera ndi zitsamba. Kumbukirani kuti, mabulosi akamalandira dzuwa, ndiye kuti limakhala lokoma kwambiri. M'malo otsika, mpweya wozizira umasonkhana, womwe nthawi zambiri umawononga maluwa ndi chisanu.
Zofunika! Mukabzala, musagwiritse ntchito malo omwe ali pansi pa sitiroberi komwe mbatata, tomato, nkhaka ndi kabichi zalimidwa zaka zitatu kapena rasipiberi mwabzala. Izi zikuthandizira kuti mbande zanu zazing'ono zisatenge matenda omwe amagwira masamba. Masamba omwe m'mbuyomu anyezi, zitsamba, nyemba, ndi tirigu anali oyenerera bwino.
Kuchokera kumbali yabwino, mutakula mabulosi, zimawoneka zopepuka pakapangidwe, pang'ono acid:
- dothi la chernozem;
- wodala;
- mchenga.
Dothi lambiri, lakutha komanso acidic lifunika kulimidwa. Kuti muchite izi, feteleza (12-15 kg / m²) wa feteleza wachilengedwe (humus, manyowa, peat) umayikidwa dothi lolemera. Izi zithetsa bwino. Dothi loteroli limafunikanso kumasula pafupipafupi kapena njira zina zothandizira.
Dothi la Acidic liyenera kukhala likucheperapo (0,2-0.4 g / m²) zaka zosachepera chimodzi kapena ziwiri lisanafike. Pa dothi lolemera acidic, onjezani kuchuluka kwaimu
Madambo kapena malo okhala ndi madzi ayenera kuthiriridwa pomanga njira zotulutsira madziwo. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yama bedi okwera.
Kubzala mbande za sitiroberi
Sankhani mbande
Kuti zokolola za sitiroberi zisangalatse ndi zipatso zochulukirapo, akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito zamaluwa amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mbande zomwe sizinasakanizidwe ndi mizu yotalika pafupifupi 6 mm, ndipo mizu yake iyenera kukhala yolimba komanso yokhala ndi mizu yosachepera 7 cm. .
Strawberry muzotengera.
Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya sitiroberi chifukwa chobzala ndiosankhika kapena 1. Simudzakhala olakwika ngati mutabzala musankhe mbande za mitengo ya frigo, ndiye kuti, zomwe zimakumbidwa kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira ndikusungidwa nthawi yozizira kwambiri.
Strawberry kubzala nthawi
Munda wa sitiroberi wabzala wabzala kumayambiriro kasupe kapena koyambilira kwa nyundo. Ndikofunika kuti musachedwe ndi nthawi yobzala, ndikuigwiritsa ntchito moyenera momwe mungathere kugwira ntchito ya kumunda. Mukachedwa ndi nthawi yobzala masika, mbewu zambiri zimatha kufa.
Kubzala kwa nyundo kumachitika mosiyanasiyana kuyambira pa Ogasiti 10 mpaka Seputembara 20-25 ikagwa mvula yotsatira kapena, ngati nkotheka, mutathirira. Ndikabzala m'dzinja, kukhala mochedwa kumangowonongera sitiroberi mtsogolo ngati masika.
Kodi kubzala mbande sitiroberi?
Musanabzale, mbande za sitiroberi zimasungidwa pamalo abwino osaposa masiku 5. Nthaka yabwino kubzala ndi yonyowa, koma osati yonyowa. Mukabzala, onetsetsani kuti bokosi lomwe lili ndi mbande lili pamthunzi.
Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, khosi la mizu liyenera kukhala pansi, ndipo mizu yake imakhazikika. Mizu yotalikirapo kwambiri mpaka 8 - 10 cm. Pambuyo kuthiriridwa. Kuti kutumphuka kusakhazikike, mutangothirira, nthaka imadzaza ndi humus kapena nthaka youma.
Kubzala Strawberry
Ukadaulo wokulitsa mbewu zimatengera njira yomwe udasankha kubzala:
- Kukwera kochulukirapo - ndikupanga mzere wobala zipatso mopitilira;
- Kubzala kwapakati-kachulukidwe (zida zamtundu wapamwamba) - mbewu zonse mzere zimalekanitsidwa popanda kuswa ndevu ndi mphukira; kapena kudula masharubu ndi mphukira za mbewu kuti mulimbikitse.
Yokolola mchaka chodzala, kutengera luso lomwe mwasankhalo, sangathe kukolola. Chifukwa cha izi, ma peduncles mchaka choyamba amadulidwa pang'ono, kulimbitsa chomera chachikulu. Zomera zikayamba kuperewera (chifukwa cha matenda kapena chifukwa cha tizirombo ta nthaka), minda ndiyofunika "kukonzedwa" nthawi zonse.
Strawberry kusamalira isanachitike kapena nthawi ya zipatso
Kuthirira
Kukula ma sitiroberi, makina othirira amayenera kuperekedwa: kuthira kapena kudulira madzi akathirira. Strawberry ndi chomera chodalira chinyontho kwambiri, chifukwa chake sayenera kudaliridwapo chifukwa cha mpweya wachilengedwe mukamakula, chifukwa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa chinyezi panthawi yovuta (ngakhale ndi masiku 10-15), zokolola zimachepetsedwa kwambiri.
Pakadutsa milungu iwiri yoyambirira mutabzala sitiroberi, dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa kuti mbewu zake kuzika mizu. Kuti muchite izi, dothi tsiku lililonse liyenera kukhala lothira ndi 2-3 mm. Masabata awiri otsatira, kuthirira kumachitika, ngati pakufunika, masiku onse awiri.
Nthawi yomweyo, sitiroberi silingathe kupirira chinyezi chambiri. Nthaka ikadzala ndi madzi, impso zoberekera sizipangika, kuuma kwa dzinja, kukana matenda, makamaka imvi zowola ndi powdery mildew zimachepetsedwa.
Kodi mungasinthe bwanji?
Strawberry ma kanjira amayenera kukhala oyera maudzu. Mwa izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ma herbicides apadera, koma ndi bwino kumangokhalira kulima mwaukadaulo kapena Buku lothandizira. Pali zambiri zophimba ma timipata ndi udzu (makamaka tirigu) kapena kanema, koma ukadaulo uwu umafuna ndalama zowonjezera.
Strawberry pansi pa hay mulch.
Maonekedwe ndi kukula kwa tizirombo ndi matenda pobzala ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa pafupipafupi. Pamodzi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, kuteteza kwachilengedwe, monga kugwiritsa ntchito tizilombo - ma intomophages mu control of tizilombo, ndi zina, zikukula kwambiri.
Kukolola kwa Strawberry
Zosiyanasiyana za zipatso zoyambirira, zapakati komanso zapakatikati mu June. Nthawi yokolola ndi kukhwima zimatsimikiziridwa kutengera mitundu ndi cholinga cha zipatso zosankhidwa. Pogulitsa mwachindunji zipatso zatsopano kapena kukonzedwa, sitiroberi zimakololedwa zikakhwima bwino, zikafika bwino. Poyendetsa mtunda wautali, zipatsozo zimayenera kusungidwa mu gawo laukadaulo waukadaulo (mwana). Sipangofunika kusonkhetsa zipatso zonyowa, chifukwa zimavunda mwachangu.
Ngati zipatso za msipu zimakula m'dera lalikulu, muyenera kuganizira pasadakhale za ntchito yomwe mungakolole. Ndikofunika kusonkhanitsa mosamala, kuonetsetsa kuti zipatso sizipunthika. Popanda kuziziritsa, sitiroberi imatha kusungidwa popanda kutaya malonda, kuyambira maola 10 mpaka 20, kutengera mitundu. Mu chipinda chozizira (+ 4 ° C), sitiroberi watsopano amatha (popanda kutaya kuwonetsa komanso kulawa) mpaka masiku atatu.
Zotengera zabwino kwambiri zodulira zipatso ndi mabasiketi ang'onoang'ono, mapepala apulasitiki kapena mapepala okhala ndi mphamvu ya 1-3 kg. Sipangofunika kutsanulira zipatso zosakanizidwa muchidebe china.
Zofala masiku ano m'mafamu ang'onoang'ono amatchedwa njira "yodzisonkhanitsa nokha." Anthu nawonso amabwera kwa mlimiyo ndipo amatenga sitiroberi kumeneko, pomwe amamugula pamtengo wotsikirapo kuposa mgolosale.
Strawberry chisamaliro pambuyo fruiting
Kuti tithandizire kukula kwa masamba a masamba a mabulosi ndi kumasula mbewu ku matenda, matenda ndi kukhazikika kwa tizirombo mutakolola, masamba amatha kutchetchera. Mwambowu ndiwosankha, ndikofunikira kuchita ndikungotchekera pokhapokha malo omwe sanasungidwe bwino.
Pafupifupi, masamba a sitiroberi amatchetedwa masabata atatu atatuta. Ndikudula koyambirira, mbewu zimafooka, zomwe zimatha kusokoneza nthawi yawo yozizira ndi zipatso chaka chamawa.
Kutchetchera kotsika kumayambitsa kusiyana kwa impso. Mukadulira ndikudula masamba, muyenera kuthana ndi mavuto kuti muthe kufalitsa tizirombo ndi matenda, kulima panthaka komanso kuthira feteleza ndi michere. Ndiye kuti, mutatha kutchetcha, maziko azilimidwe azomera azikhala okwera kwambiri.
Care Strawberry yozizira
Strawberry munda amatha kupirira kutentha pang'ono m'nyengo yozizira pamaso pa chipale chofewa. Danga la chipale chofewa la 10-15 cm (kuposa 20 cm) limateteza masitepe ku kutentha kochepa mpaka -25-30 ° С. Ngati matalala mulibe matenthedwe -12-16 ° C, mbewuzo zimawuma pang'ono kapena kufa kwathunthu.
Zomera zolimba yozizira bwino, m'malo otetezedwa bwino, omwe anapatsidwa feteleza wambiri, chinyezi, amatetezedwa ku matenda ndi tizirombo, chisanu sichitha kuwonongeka. Pakakhala chisanu, malo omwe amatha kubzalidwa amatha kubalidwa ndi udzu (wopanda mbewu, chifukwa pakhoza kukhala chiwopsezo chowoneka cha mbewa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mbewu).
Kufalitsa kwa Strawberry
Strawberry amafalitsidwa ndi mbande (rosettes). Mbande zimagulidwa kapena kubzala pamabzala awo pa mphukira (masharubu) a tchire la chiberekero. Maseke abwino kwambiri ndi awa omwe ali pafupi ndi chitsamba. Palibe zopitilira zitatu zomwe zatsalira pa mphukira, mpaka mpaka 5 zingasiyidwe, koma mu izi zomaliza ziwiri sizipanga zochepa kuposa zitatu zoyambirira.
Pa tchire chimodzi cha chiberekero, sitiroberi nthawi zambiri zimasiya mphukira 5, chilichonse chimakhala ndi rosette zitatu. Kuchokera pachitsamba chimodzi landirani zidutswa 15 zodzikongoletsa bwino.
Monga ma rosette amawonekera pa mphukira, okhazikika mu dothi lonyowa, i.e. mizu yaying'ono imalowera munthaka. Mutha kubzala zitsulo m'miphika yaying'ono yamafuta, pomwe miphika imadzalidwa ndi dothi.
Simungathe kulima ma rosette ndi zipatso pa tchire la chiberekero nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa choyambira choyambirira chimachotsedwa. Mbande zabwino kwambiri zimapezeka ku tchire la chaka chachiwiri cha zipatso.
Nthaka yofalitsira mabulosi amtunduwu imakhala yoyenera pang'ono acidic (pH = 5-6). Ma loamy ndi ma sandy loamy omwe ali ndi humus ndi michere nthawi zambiri amakhala oyenera. Dothi lozizira ngati Clayy popanda kulima silabwino. Pa dothi lonyowa lomwe lili ndi madzi ochepa pansi, mabulosi amayenera kulimidwa pamabedi akulu.
Masamba obisika m'munda.
Pa dothi lamchenga, sitiroberi, monga lamulo, perekani zokolola zochepa ndi zipatso zazing'ono, popeza nthawi zonse pamakhala kusowa chinyezi, ndipo mbewu za sitiroberi pamadothi awa zimamva kuponderezedwa. Chifukwa chake, pakubzala sitiroberi, mundawo umalimidwa miyezi iwiri isanabzalidwe.
Matenda Osiyanasiyana ndi Tizilombo
Gray zowola
Matenda owopsa a fungus. Amawonetsedwa makamaka nyengo yonyowa pokonza malo akale okhala. Imayamba kuwoneka ngati mawanga ofewa, mtsogolo mabulosi amangoterera.
Njira zomenyera nkhondo. Sitiroberi zowonongeka ziyenera kuchotsedwa pamalowo, chifukwa mphepo kapena mvula ikhoza kufalitsa matendawa ndi malo onsewo. Muyenera kukonza mundawo kawiri: woyamba - zipatso zisanaphuke, wachiwiri - zokolola zomaliza zitakololedwa. Amakonzedwa ndi mkuwa wa mkuwa pa mulingo wa supuni imodzi pa 10 malita a madzi.
White sitiroberi, zofiirira komanso zofiirira
Mizu imawonekera nthawi yotentha-yophukira. Ndi matendawa, masamba a sitiroberi amasandulika bulauni ndikugwa.
Njira zomenyera nkhondo. Pakawonongeka kwambiri, amathandizidwa ndi mkuwa wa mkuwa pa mulingo wa supuni imodzi pa malita 10 a madzi. Muyenera kukonza mundawo kawiri: woyamba - zipatso zisanaphuke, wachiwiri - zokolola zomaliza zitakololedwa.
Powdery mildew
Zimakhudza ziwalo zonse za mlengalenga za sitiroberi, makamaka masamba. Wophimbidwa ndi zolengeza ndikuyamba kuvunda.
Njira zomenyera nkhondo. Kumayambiriro kwamasamba, masamba achichepere ndi achikulire (omwe amafunikira maluwa) amathiridwa ndi sulfaride (supuni ziwiri pa malita 10 a madzi). Kubwezerani mobwerezabwereza kumachitika mu kugwa. Itha kuthandizidwanso ndi potaziyamu permanganate. Zipatso zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi matendawa zimayenera kusungidwa ndikuwotchedwa.
Strawberry Mite Transparent
Choopsa kwambiri kwa sitiroberi. Zomwe zimachitika ndi izi ndizowonongeka kwa masamba achichepere, zitatha kupindika ndikusanduka chikasu. Mabasi ndi zipatso zimakhala zochepa. Izi tizilombo Mitundu yabwino kwambiri nyengo yonyowa.
Njira zomenyera nkhondo. Njira yothandiza kwambiri ndi kupopera mankhwalawa karbofos. Spray mukangokolola chomaliza. Njira yothetsera vutoli imapangidwa ndikuthiriridwa kuchokera kuthilira ndi kumwaza m'mundamo wonse. Mukathirira, ndikofunikira kutseka bedi lonse la munda ndi zojambulazo kwa maola atatu. Njira zoyendetsera izi zimathandizanso polimbana ndi kachilomboka, kachiromboka, kachiromboka, ndi tizirombo tina.
Ngati mitengo ya sitiroberi idawonongeka kwambiri ndi sitiroberi yowoneka bwino, ndiye kuti mbewu zonse ziyenera kutchepetsedwa ndikuchita izi mpaka August 10, kuti masamba azitha kukula chisanachitike.
Soko, nkhono, milili
Izi tizirombo timawononga kwambiri sitiroberi.Kwenikweni, amasankha malo okhala ndi imvi ngati malo abwino kukhalamo.
Njira zomenyera nkhondo. Njira yabwino kwambiri yophera tizirombo ndi irondehyde. Imayikidwa m'mabedi mutatola zipatso. Ndikofunika kuchitira tsambalo kuchokera kuzilombo zilizonse mu theka lachiwiri la Seputembala.
Masamba amabala ukufalikira.
Strawberry mitundu
Zosiyanasiyana zamitengo yazomera (Strawberry)
Strawberry Altair. Zosiyanasiyana ndizazizira-Hardy, pakati mochedwa. Tchire ndi laling'ono, lalitali, kufalitsa masamba wabwino. Usoobrazuyuschy kuthekera ndi avareji. Kupanga kwa 0,95 kg pa mita imodzi yothamanga. Kulemera kwa zipatso m'gawo loyamba mpaka kufika pa 40 g, kulemera kwakukulu kwa nthawi yonse yosonkhanitsa ndi 11.6 g. Zipatso ndizofanana ndi cylindrical (nthiti mu chophatikiza choyamba), ndi khosi, utoto wofiira. Achenes ndi chikasu, amakanikizidwa mwamkati mu zamkati. Guwa ndi lofiira, yowutsa mudyo, lalifupi wandiweyani, labwino kwambiri lokoma komanso wowawa. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhudzidwa pang'ono ndi tsamba la tsamba, zowola imvi.
“Mfumukazi Elizabeti” Wodziwika bwino. Kukonzanso kalasi. Zipatsozo ndizazikulu komanso zazikulu, zofiira kwambiri, zokhala ndi zamkati zowoneka bwino, zotheka kunyamula. Kukoma kwa zipatso kumakulirakulira mwezi wa Seputembala. Oyambirira zipatso kwambiri amaperekedwa ndi nyengo yozizira ya masamba opangidwa kale, bola ngati sauma. Zosiyanasiyana zimafunikira kupitilira kwa nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu, feteleza wa phosphorous amaperekedwa pokonzekera dothi. Kutsirira pafupipafupi ndizovomerezeka. Zimamera pachaka, pazabwino, komanso zamitundu iwiri, popeza patapita nthawi zipatso zimakulirakulira. Kufalitsa kwamasamba, ma rosette achichepere omwe amapanga pama masharubu. Itha kukhala yoyesedwa poyesa madera onse ovomerezeka ndi otetezedwa m'mayendedwe anu.
Strawberry "Stranger". Chitsamba chilimba, chikufalikira. Zipatsozo ndizazikulu, zozungulira zozungulira, zodulidwa kuchokera pansi, zimakhala ndi khungu lofiira. Guwa ndilopakika, lofiirira lakuda, kukoma kwake ndi kotsekemera komanso kowawasa, kununkhira. Chokoma chatsopano, chosungidwa bwino. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zolimba, zosagwirizana ndi matenda a fungus.
Strawberry “Sudarushka". Tchire ndi lamphamvu, lofalikira, lopanda masamba. Amapanga zigawo zambiri. Masharubu ndi pinki wopepuka. Zotsatira zazitali kutalika ndi makulidwe, omwe ali pamlingo wa masamba kapena pansipa. Ma inflorescence ndi ophatikizika, otulutsa maluwa ambiri. Zipatso ndi ovoid, lalikulu, pazipita 35 g, pakati kulemera 13 g, symmetrical, wopanda khosi. Khungu ndi lofiira, lonyezimira. Achenes ndi ambiri, omwe amakhala pafupi ndi zamkati. Mozama ndi pinki, wandiweyani, wowutsa mudyo, onunkhira bwino. Kununkhirako ndikokoma komanso wowawasa, zabwino kwambiri. Kulawa mphambu 4.5 mfundo. Kalasiyo siyigonjetsedwa ndi chisanu. Kucha koyambirira. Zabwino zosagwirizana ndi matenda. Osakhudzidwa ndi imvi zowola. Zachuma ndizambiri. Zokolola wamba ndi 72,5 c / ha. Pa mayeso osiyanasiyana a boma kuyambira 1992. Ikuphatikizidwa m'kaundula wa boma mu 2000 waku Northwest dera.
Strawberry "Talka" ("Grenadir" kapena "Purple"). Kucha koyambirira. Zachuma ndizambiri. Zosiyanasiyana zimagwirizana ndi powdery mildew. Ogonjetsedwa ndi chisanu. Tchire limakhala lalitali komanso lalifupi. Amapanga chiwerengero chogulitsira. Makwerero oyenda pakatikati, omwe ali pamtunda wamasamba. Ma inflorescence ndi ophatikizika, otulutsa maluwa ambiri. Zipatsozo zimakhala zazing'ono komanso zazikulu, kulemera kwakukulu ndi 9 g, kutalika 28 g, kuzungulira-mawonekedwe, ndi khosi laling'ono. Pamaso pa zipatsozi pamakhala masamba. Khungu limakhala lofiirira. Mbewuzo ndi zofiira. Guwa ndi lofiira, wandiweyani, kukoma kwake ndikabwino, kokoma komanso wowawasa. Chalangizidwa poyesedwa ku Central and Central Black Earth.
Strawberry Tribute ("Tribute"). Kukonzanso kalasi. Bush: yaying'ono, yododometsa. Ziphuphu zazifupi komanso zapakatikati, zomwe zimakhala pansi pamasamba. Zipatso: zapakatikati ndi zazikulu, zofananira, zozungulira. Khungu ndi zamkati ndizobowola. Mtundu wa khungu ndi wonyezimira, ofiira owala, mtundu wa zamkati ndi wofiira. Lawani: yokoma, yokhala ndi acid yofooka, yosangalatsa. Guwa ndi wandiweyani, wowutsa mudyo. Zachulukidwe ndi kuuma kwa nyengo yachisanu ndizambiri. Zosiyanasiyana zimagonjetsedwa ndi imvi zowola ndi verticillosis.
Strawberry "Uralochka Pink" ("Uralochka Pink"). Kusintha masankhidwe osiyanasiyana apabanja. Chitsamba chimaphimbidwa. Mitunduyi ndi yapinki. Maluwa kuyambira Meyi mpaka Okutobala. Zipatso za sing'anga kukula (15-18 g.), Zonunkhira, kukoma. Masharubu amapanga kwambiri. Zopanga: 600-800 g.Mbewu imodzi yokha.
Strawberry "Tsarskoye Selo" ("Tsarskoselskaya"). Kucha kwapakatikati. Tchire limakhala likufalikira, pakati, komanso masamba. Malo ogulitsira ndi ambiri, ofiira ofiira. Mapulogalamu apakatikati kutalika ndi makulidwe, omwe amakhala m'munsi mwa masamba. Ma inflorescence ndi amodzi ophatikizika, ofala pang'ono. Mabulosiwa ndi akulu, 12-14 g, apamwamba 29-33 g, chowulungika, ofanana, opanda khosi. Muli: shuga 5.5%, asidi 1.8%, vitamini C 42 mg /%. Mapesi ndi owonda. Khungu limakhala lofiirira, lonyezimira. Achenes, wopanikizika ndi zamkati, ndi ochulukirapo. Kuguza kuli kofiirira wakuda, wandiweyani, wowutsa mudyo. Kukomerako ndikokoma ndi wowawasa, kununkhira, kwabwino kwambiri. Kulawa ma point 5. Zokolola zapakatikati ndi 73.6 c / ha. Pa mayeso osiyanasiyana a boma kuyambira 1992. Aperekedwa kuti ayesedwe m'malo osagwirizana ndi Russian Federation. Adaphatikizidwa mu State Register ya Central Region mu 2002. Kukaniza ver Verillillum kusungunuka ndi imvi zowola kumakulanso. Zachuma ndizambiri. Ponseponse.
Strawberry "Junia Smydes" (“Yunia Smuds”). Tchire ndi lalitali, lopanda kufalikira, ndipo lili ndi masamba. Makina otalika apakati, inflorescence amapezeka pamlingo wamasamba. Zipatso za zokolola zoyambirira ndizazikulu (mpaka 30 g), zopusa zopanda nzeru, zokhala ndi khosi lalifupi, zokhala ndi ma geno. Kuzimiririka kwina. Pamwambawo zipatso ndi zofiira, zonyezimira. Achenes amamizidwa zamkati. Ubwamuna ndi wofiyira, wobiriwira, wodekha, wokoma komanso wowawasa, wokhala ndi fungo lofooka. Kucha molawirira. Kupanga - 80-100 kg pa mamilimita zana. Mbewuyi ndi yozizira kwambiri, yolimba pakatikati pa chilala. Matenda a fungus amakhudzidwa kwambiri. Imalekerera chisanu mpaka -30 ° C. Kutentha pang'ono, malo okhala ndi nthambi za spruce amalimbikitsidwa.
Strawberry
Zosiyanasiyana za Strawberry Musk
Strawberry "Milan". Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba a kumwera kwa Europe imasiyana ndi mitundu ina ya sitiroberi yamaluwa okongola. Adayambitsidwa ku USSR mu 1926-1930. Pakadali pano, sapezeka m'minda yamafakitale. Strawberry Milanskaya amadziwika ndi kutentha kwambiri yozizira komanso zipatso zabwino. Zopanga zake ndizotsika kuposa mitundu ya sitiroberi. Ndizofunikira pachinyontho, chifukwa chake chikhalidwe chake ndiosapindulitsa pachuma, ngakhale kuti zipatso zake ndizabwino kwambiri. Zipatso zimapanga jamu la sitiroberi losayerekezeka. Zipatso zimakhala ndi shuga 9,9%, acidity 1.45%. Kucha nthawi ndikumayambiriro. Ubwino wa Kalasi: kuuma kwa nyengo yachisanu, kulawa kwabwino kwambiri kwa zipatso. Zoyipa zosiyanasiyana: zokolola zochepa. Tchire ndi lalitali, lopindika. Masamba ndiwobiriwira mopepuka; tsamba loyambira ndi chowulungika. Peduncle amaposa masamba. Duwa ndi loyera. Zipatsozo zimakhala zazing'ono, zazitali komanso zokhala ndi khosi losiyanasiyananso, yofiirira-yofiirira, yobiriwira pambali yamtambo. Kuguza kwake ndi kotheka, kuyera. Achenes amizidwa pang'ono mu zamkati.
Strawberry "Spanka". Zosiyanasiyana zidasanjidwa ku Western Europe mu 1835. Ku Russia, idalimidwa kale pafupi ndi Petrograd (komwe tsopano ndi Leningrad), Moscow, Kiev, Odessa ndi mizinda ina yayikulu, monga mitundu yamafuta. Osiyanasiyana kutentha yozizira. Shpanka ikufunikira kwambiri pazinyontho; Zonenepa, mbewu zake zimavutika kwambiri, ndipo mbewuyo imawonongeka. Zokolola wamba ndi matani 4-5 pa hekitala iliyonse. Kucha nthawi ndi avareji. Zipatso zabwino, zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kukonza. Kukoma kwake ndikabwino kwambiri, kukoma. Zonsezi za shuga za 7.92%, acidity ya 0.93%. Zipatso zimatha kugwera imvi. Kuthamangitsidwa kwa zipatso ndi kotsika. Shpanka ndi chomera chamtengo wapatali. Kuti tiwonetse mbewu yabwino, ndikofunikira kubzala mbewu zamaluwa (mpaka 10%). Ubwino wa Gawo: hardness yozizira; kukoma kwambiri kwa mabulosi. Kupanda zosiyanasiyana: pafupifupi zipatso, kukula kwa chinyezi, maluwa okongola. Tchire ndi lalitali, laling'ono, ladzuwa. Masamba ndiwobiliwira. Masamba apakati ndi oval-rhombic. Peduncle amaposa masamba. Inflorescence ikufalikira. Ma Pedicel ndi aatali. Maluwa ozungulira. Zipatsozo ndizapakatikati kukula, zazitali bwino-mawonekedwe, ndi khosi, utoto wakuda, utoto kubiriwira. Kuguba kumakhala kotayirira, koyera.
Zosiyanasiyana maulendo
Zemklunika ndi msewu wa zipatso ziwiri za mabulosi, zomwe zimapezeka mu 80s ya XX m'ma ndikuwoloka mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana (sitiroberi) ndi mitundu ya sitiroberi yamtchire Milanskaya. Ndiukadaulo kwambiri ndipo nthawi yomweyo umaposa sitiroberi wam'munda pakoma ndi kununkhira. Analandira zokolola ndi kukula kwa zipatso kuchokera ku mabulosi a sitiroberi, komanso kuuma kwa dzinja, kuyenda pamtunda, kuletsa matenda, komanso kununkhira kwa michere ya zipatso.
Zemklunika "Strawberry". Ntchito zamitundu mitundu. Chitsamba chokulirapo pakatikati pake chili ndi miyendo yayitali komanso maluwa amtundu umodzi, yayitali kwambiri kuposa masamba. Zipatso za sing'anga kukula pang'ono pang'ono kuposa masiku, zipatso zakupsa zimakhala ndi 5-6 g, pazokulirapo - mpaka 10 g. Pakati pazokolola kuchokera ku thengo (sizidutsa 250 g). Chifukwa chakuti maluwa amitundu iyi ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, mukadzala mbande, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale kubzala kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pollinator. Kukanani ndi matenda akulu. Lawani zipatso zabwino: zotsekemera komanso zowawasa.
Zemklunika "Raisa". Ogwiritsa ntchito patebulo zosiyanasiyana. Zomera zamtunduwu ndizitali, ndipo maluwa amatuluka pamwamba pamasamba. Maluwa a mitundu yosiyanasiyana amakhala amitundu iwiri, omwe amakupatsani mbewu, ngakhale mutakhala ndi mitundu yomweyo pamalowo. Zipatso za mawonekedwe owondweretsa ozungulira-ooneka bwino, apakatikati kukula, ndi kulemera kwakukulu mpaka 30 g. Zokolola za Bush ndizapakatikati (mpaka 350 g). Pakati pa nyengo, kuuma kwa nyengo yachisanu chapakati pa Russia ndikokwera, kuthana ndi matenda akuluakulu. Lawani zipatso zabwino: zotsekemera.
Zemklunika "Wokhala ndi michere". Ntchito zamitundu mitundu. Ili ndi tchire lalifupi komanso miyambo yaying'ono yokhala ndi maluwa okongola awiri. Zipatsozo ndi zazing'onoting'ono, kulemera kwa mabulosi, pafupifupi, ndi 6-8 g, kutalika kumafikira 20. Zotsatira zamtchire ndizapakatikati (sizaposa 250 g), koma zimadziwika ndi kukhazikika chifukwa chokana mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Lawani zipatso zabwino: zotsekemera komanso zowawasa.
Zosiyanasiyana zamtchire zamtchire
Mitundu yokhala ndi zipatso zofiira
Wotchi watchire "Ali Baba". Zakudya zosiyanasiyana bezosy remontant sitiroberi. Tchire limakhala lofalikira pang'ono, lalitali masentimita 15. Zipatso zake ndizopepuka, zofiira kwambiri, masekeli 3-5 g.Tinyama ndi loyera kwambiri, lokoma komanso wowawasa, lokoma kwambiri komanso lonunkhira, ndimakoma a zipatso zamtchire. Zomwe zimakhala ndi zinthu zopanda moyo komanso zovuta za mavitamini zili pafupi ndi sitiroberi zamtchire. Maluwa amayamba mchaka chachitatu cha Meyi ndikupitilira mosalekeza mpaka chisanu, kucha zipatso - kuyambira pakati pa Juni komanso nyengo yonseyo.
Strawberry "Baron Solemacher". Wamphepo woyamba kucha wa bezusny remontant sitiroberi wokhala ndi mawonekedwe akufalikira chitsamba. Zipatso zake ndizopaka, zofiirira zambiri, zolemera mpaka g 4. Thupi lake ndi lokoma, lofewa, lonunkhira kwambiri, lokonda kufanana ndi zipatso zamtchire. Maluwa amayamba mchaka chachitatu cha Meyi ndikupitilira mosalekeza mpaka chisanu, kucha zipatso - kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa June mkati mwa nyengo. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kumwa mwachindunji, kukonza zakumwa za zipatso, ma compotes, kusunga, kupanikizana.
Strawberry "Nyengo". Wodzipereka kwambiri zosiyanasiyana remontant sitiroberi. Tchire likufalikira pang'ono ndi mitengo yambiri, mwachangu amapanga masharubu okhala ndi ma rosette abwino. Zipatso zake zimakhala zofiira kwambiri, zokongola, zimakhala ndi zotsekemera kwambiri, zonunkhira komanso zowonda. Kulemera 4-7 g. Zomwe zili ndi michere yogwira popanga michere ndi zovuta za mavitamini zili pafupi ndi sitiroberi zamtchire. Ubwino wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana: kulawa kwabwino, kukongoletsa, kuthekera kugwiritsa ntchito ngati chikhalidwe chopambana pakupanga nyimbo. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzitha kugwiritsa ntchito, kuphika kupanikizana, kupanikizana, ma compotes.
Strawberry "Rugen". Yoyamba kucha mchere mkaka wa bezosy remontant sitiroberi. Tchire ndi lalitali, lalitali, lamasamba. Zipatso zake zimakhala zopanda mawonekedwe, ofiira owala, masekeli 2,5-5. Thupi ndilopepuka, loyera, chikasu, pinki pansi, lokoma komanso wowawasa, lonunkhira bwino kwambiri. Maluwa amayamba mchaka chachitatu cha Meyi ndikupitilira mosalekeza mpaka chisanu, kucha zipatso - kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa June mkati mwa nyengo. Kukoma kwakukulu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzitha kugwiritsa ntchito, kuphika kupanikizana, kusunga, ma compotes.
Zosiyanasiyana ndi zipatso zoyera ndi zachikasu
Strawberry "White White". Mitundu yoyambira yakucha ya bezusy remontant. Tchire ndi laling'ono, lopanda masamba, lopindika pang'ono, komanso ndi miyendo yaying'ono. Zipatsozo ndi zoyera, zochepera. Guwa ndi loyera, lofewa, wowawasa-lokoma, lonunkhira bwino kwambiri. Zomwe zimakhala ndi zinthu zopanda moyo komanso zovuta za mavitamini zili pafupi ndi sitiroberi zamtchire. Hypoongegenic. Maluwa amayamba mchaka chachitatu cha Meyi ndikupitilira mosalekeza mpaka chisanu, kucha kwa zipatso - kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa June nyengo yonseyo. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzitha kugwiritsa ntchito mwatsopano, kuphika timbale, jams, compotes.
Masamba a “Strika wachikasu” ("The Wonder Yellow"). Kukonzanso, zopanda ndevu, zopatsa mphamvu, zosakhalitsa mitundu yozizira. Ndiwopamwamba kuposa mitundu yokhala ndi zipatso zofiira pamaso ndi kununkhira. Zipatso zochuluka ku chisanu. Zipatso zolemera 4-6 g, zonunkhira, zokoma kwambiri. Zipatso zake ndi mtundu wokongola wachikasu. Hypoongegenic.
Sitiroberi wamtchire, kalasi "Wonder Yellow".
Osamakutidwa ndi mbalame. Amakonzeratu malo omwe dzuwa limakhala ndi chinyezi ndi nthaka yosaloledwa. Kukolola kuyambira koyambirira kwa chilimwe mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira kumachitika mobwerezabwereza pamene zipatso zimacha. Chisamaliro chimachepetsedwa, kuchotsa, kuthirira, kuthirira, kuphatikiza ndi kuteteza ku matenda ndi tizirombo.
Ndipo mumakonda kukulitsa mitundu yanji? Gawani zomwe mwakumana nazo mu ndemanga kapena paforamu yathu.
