Nthenga zaudzu ndi udzu wazaka zambiri. Ndi banja la phala. Padziko lonse lapansi, mbewuyi imakhala ndi mitundu yopitilira 300, pomwe m'dziko lathuli ndi 80 yokha yomwe imamera.
Tsinde la mbewuyo ndiowongoka ndipo masamba ake ndi olimba komanso owonda. Ma inflorescence ndi ochepa komanso amakulidwe mumtundu wa panicles. Amasinthika bwino ndi steppes, pomwe amakula. Nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'matanthwe ndi m'matanthwe a Eurasia.
Kufotokozera kwa nthenga za nthenga
Udzuwu, womwe umakula m'mipululu yopondera, palibe mizu yokwawa ndipo imapanga nthito yayikulu. Tsinde ndi lowongoka, masamba ndi ochepa komanso amapindapinda, nthawi zina amakhala athyathyathya. Phula la brashi ndi lambiri komanso laling'ono. Zomera za spikelets ndi zazitali, zazitali komanso zolozera pachimake; zimakhala zazikopa pansi; mumtundu wobzalidwa, zimatha kutalika mpaka 2,5 cm.
Dzinalo limachokera ku liwu lachi Greek loti stupa, kutanthauza kutanthauzira kumatanthauza tha. Mbewu za udzuwu zimagawidwa m'njira yoyambirira, zimanyamulidwa ndi mphepo. Kuchokera pa chomera, mbewuzo zimawulukira kutali, koma sizimafikira panthaka nthawi yomweyo. Amakhala mu udzu wakuda ndi masamba akale owuma ndi zimayambira.
Mumdima, mame akagwa, udzu umabisala. Bondo lakumbuyo, lomwe limakulungika, limayamba kupindika pang'onopang'ono ndikukankhira tsinde lonse pansi, njereyo, mwamphamvu, cholakwika kulowa pansi. M'mawa, dzuwa likatuluka, silimatuluka, koma silituluka panthaka, popeza mbewu yonseyi ili m'matumba tating'ono tomwe timagwira pansi. Chifukwa chake, njere imaswedwa, ndipo gawo lake la pamwamba limatsalira pansi.
Mitundu yazomera
Pali mitundu ingapo ya udzu wa nthenga. Mwachitsanzo:
Udzu wa nthenga ndi nthenga. Ichi ndi osatha amene alibe masamba a chithokomiro, ndi burashi ya tsitsi kumapeto. Mizere ya Cirrus ndi kutalika kwa 20 mpaka 40. Maluwa amayambira mu Meyi komanso koyambirira kwa Juni. Chithunzi nthenga za nthenga:- Tsitsi latsitsi. Kutalika kwake, kumatha kutalika kuyambira 40 mpaka 80 cm, kawirikawiri masentimita 100. Masamba ndi obiriwira amtundu, okhazikika komanso chithokomiro, amapindidwa kukhala chubu. Mtundu wa tsitsi ndi wautali 12-18 cm.Nthonje imayamba kuphulika kuyambira Meyi mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Julayi.
- Nthenga zake zimakhala. Chimakula pokhapokha pamatanthwe ndi pathanthwe. Zomwe zimayambira, ndi pubescence pansi pamiyendo, zimatha kutalika masentimita 35 mpaka 70. Ukutalika kwa masamba opindika ndi 0.8-2 mm. Kumbali zonse ali ndi tsitsi lalitali. Masamba ali ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 39-41. Maluwa amayamba mu Meyi komanso koyambirira kwa Juni.
- Nthenga za Kum'mawa Kakutali. Udzu wa nthenga zaku Far East umakula, mwachilengedwe, ku Far East, Japan, Eastern Siberia ndi China. Mtunduwu ndiwopambana kwambiri komanso wamtali kwambiri. Imafikira kutalika kufika mpaka masentimita 180, ndipo ndiyokhazikika komanso yopanda tanthauzo. Pamodzi ndi izi, udzu waku Far East ndiwotseguka kwambiri ndipo masamba ake owoneka bwino otambalala, omwe m'lifupi mwake umafikira 3 cm. Mphalapakati zimatha kutalika mpaka 50 cm.
- Udzu wa nthenga ndi wokongola. Imakula pamiyala, pansanja ndi m'miyala ku Europe, ku Western Siberia, Caucasus, ndi Near ndi Central Asia. Mtunduwu sukula kuposa 70 cm. Masamba ake ndi utoto wakuda. Cirrus imafikira kutalika mpaka 30 cm, ndipo nthenga za 3 mm.
Udzu wa nthenga ndi nthenga. Ichi ndi osatha amene alibe masamba a chithokomiro, ndi burashi ya tsitsi kumapeto. Mizere ya Cirrus ndi kutalika kwa 20 mpaka 40. Maluwa amayambira mu Meyi komanso koyambirira kwa Juni. Chithunzi nthenga za nthenga:M'matanthwe a Russia muthanso kukumana ndi mitundu monga:
- Udzu wamthenga ndi wopendekera;
- Udzu wamthenga ndi wofiyira;
- Ndi mitundu ina yambiri.
Chithandizo cha udzu
Ndizosatheka kunenapo mankhwala a udzu. Chomerachi chimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri za cyanogenic, kuphatikizapo trigloquinine. Ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri kwachilengedwe. Popeza mankhwala ophatikizika a cyanogenic amakhala ndi asidi wamphamvu, amatha kukhala ndi poizoni wambiri. Pomwe, mu Mlingo wocheperako, amatha kubwezeretsa komanso kutonthoza.
Malo akuluakulu omwe mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chithandizo cha chithokomiro. Masamba a udzu amaphwanyidwa ndikupanga iwo msuzi wa mkaka, komanso mafuta odzola ndi ma poultices ndi goiter.
M'mabuku azachipatala, mbewu iyi imapezeka mothandizidwa ndi nthenga (Stipa pennata L.). Sonkhanitsani udzu maluwa, kuyambira kumapeto kwa Meyi mpaka pakati pa Julayi. Pazida zingapo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pouma. Amakumba mizu ndi udzu pakugwa, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawo. Malangizo ochokera ku nthenga za nthenga amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa chithokomiro, ndipo decoctions yozika mizu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupuwala.
Pakadali pano, nthenga za nthenga zikuyamba kufunikira monga miyala yamtengo wapatali. Amakongoletsa malo, ndikupanga herbarium. Monga zokongoletsera chomera chobzalidwa m'minda yamiyala.
Kusamalira ndi kubereka
Udzuwu umafalikira ndi mbewu, koma nthawi zina pogawa chitsamba, chomwe chimachitika mu Epulo kana mu Ogasiti. Samoseva satero. Ndikofunikira kubzala udzu pamalo ouma, osadzaza madzi pansi. Ngati malowo ndi onyowa, ngalande zabwino ndi malo okwanira zidzakhala zofunikira. Kuthirira pang'ono ndizofunikira ngati chomera chizula, ndiye kuti sichifunikira kuthirira. Mu nthawi yophukira, ndikofunikira kudula mphukira zomwe zidafota kale, pomwe masamba sayenera kukhudzidwa.
