Chifukwa chake, ndinu eni dimba lazokongoletsera. Popeza takhala ndikuyesetsa kwambiri pazida zosungira madzi pang'ono, komanso kuipanga ndi mawonekedwe kapena mawonekedwe, ndi nthawi yoti ayambe kuona malo. Ndizomera ziti zomwe zingabzalidwe padziwe, ndipo ndizomera ziti zomwe zingabzalidwe pafupi ndi dziwe, m'gombe lake? Pali zosankha zambiri apa, muphunzira za oimira otchuka amadzi am'madzi mwa malo osungiramo zinthu zakale.
Ndi mitundu yanji ya mbewu yomwe ingabzalidwe mu dziwe lanyumba
Zomera zonse zam'madzi za dziwe lochita kupanga zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri: amagwira ntchito ngati mtundu wa mafayilo oyeretsa madzi ndikusunga zamagetsi. Ndikofunika kuti gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a malo osungiramo zinthu zakale omwe amasungidwa azomera.
Pali mitundu ingapo yamadzi am'madzi a padziwe, iliyonse yomwe imafunika kubzala mozama.
Pali mbewu yakuzama padziwe la dimba, lomwe maluwa ake ali pamwamba pa madzi (mwachitsanzo, kakombo wamadzi).
Pali mbewu za oxygenator zomwe zimamera m'madzi ndipo zimabweretsa phindu lalikulu posungira, koma sizowoneka kunja.
Pali mbewu zoyandama padziwe, komanso zam'mphepete mwa nyanjayi zomwe zimakwera pamwamba pamadzi, ndipo mizu yake ili pansi pansi pamadzi. Zomera za marchi nthawi zambiri zimabzalidwa pafupi ndi dziwe lonyowa komanso lonyowa. Amabweretsa phindu pang'ono posungira, koma amapereka mthunzi ndikupanga ntchito yokongoletsera. Mukamasankha kuti ndi mitengo iti yopanda madzi pamtunda komanso m'mphepete mwa nyanja, muyenera kuyisankha molingana ndi kapangidwe kake.
Kubzala mbewu zam'madzi padziwe lapaukadaulo
Zomera za dziwe pa dacha zimabzalidwa padziwe kale panthawi yomwe makonzedwe ake ali okonzekera bwino, odzazidwa ndi madzi ndikukhazikika kwa masiku 10. Kubzala mbewu zam'madzi ndikwabwino kwambiri kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Kutengera mtundu wa mbewu, zimabzalidwe m'mbali mwa nyanja kapena pansi pa malo osungira. Mutha kubzala mbewu mwachindunji m'nthaka yomwe idayala pansi, koma ndibwino kuyiyika mu pulasitiki kapena miphika yodongo, yomwe imakhala pansi.
Miphika yokhala ndi madzi amadzi padziweyi imayenera kukhala ndi mabowo m'makoma ndi pansi, izi ndizofunikira pakulowera nthaka, apo ayi mizu ivunda. 3ndipo mbewu mumphika ndi mabasiketi ndizosavuta kusamalira: kusunthira nyengo yachisanu kupita kuchipinda chofunda, kubereka, etc.
Dothi mumadengu lingapangidwe ndi nthaka wamba kuchokera ku dimba (ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito dongo) ndi ufa wochepa wamafupa. Ndizosatheka kulemeretsa nthaka ndi manyowa, feteleza, dothi lakuda kapena peat, izi zitha kuyambitsa poizoni wa omwe akukhala m'malo osungirako.
Onetsetsani kuti dothi losungidwa m'mabasiketi silitsukidwa ndi madzi, komanso kuti nsomba sizikukweza panthaka panthaka. Kuti muchite izi, mutabzala mbewu padziwe, mutha kugona pamwamba pa burlap yoyera kapena nsalu ina yabwino, ndikuyika miyala ing'onoing'onoyo (2 cm).
Ngakhale mbewu yomwe yasankhidwa kubzala mu dziwe, ayenera kuchotsa mizu yayitali ndi masamba akale asanabzalidwe. Mutabzala, ndikofunikira kupangira dothi lozungulira chitsa cha mtengowo kuti mtunda pakati pa dothi ndi m'mphepete mwa dengu ndi 40 mm. Musanadzalemo mbewu zam'madzi, muyenera kudziwa kuti ndizoyenera kubzala pati.
Palinso mitundu ya mbewu pazomera zokongoletsera zomwe sizifuna kubzala konse - zimayandama momasuka pamalo osungiramo, podziyimira ndikukhala pamwamba pa madzi. Zomera zotere ndi monga maluwa a m'madzi ndi maluwa. Koma mbewuzi zikuyenera kuyang'aniridwa bwino, chifukwa m'malo abwino zimachulukana mwachangu, ngati sizinatenthedwe, zimatha kukhala dziwe lonse nthawi yochepa.
Vuto lalikulu la madzi aliwonse otchingidwa ndimadzi oyimitsidwa amatsitsidwa, lomwe limachulukana mwachangu komanso mwachangu dera lonse. Palibe chifukwa muyenera kubzala mwanjira. Mwambiri, mukabzala mbewu, muyenera kutsatira muyezo - mbewu zonse zimafunikira kuunika, kuphatikiza apo, ma dense owuma mum dziwe laling'ono amawoneka osagwira ntchito.
Mulimonsemo, dziwe lokhala ndi mbeu liyenera kudulidwamo, kuchotsera njira zachikale ndi zakale. Ponena za kukonza kwa nyengo yachisanu, zikhalidwe zam'madzi zomwe nyengo yofunda ndi malo achilengedwe ziyenera kusiyidwa padziwe.
Zomera zakunja kwa dziwe lanyumba zochokera kumayiko otentha ziyenera kuchotsedwa padziwe poti ziwayike nthawi yozizira mu nyumba yosambira kapena kusamba kwamkati. Choyamba muyenera kuchita kudulira kwa mbewu zokulira kwambiri. Zilimo zamkati zimafunikira kupatsidwa nyali zokwanira kuti zisafota.
Ngati nkosatheka kugula mbewu padziwe lakuthengo m'sitolo, mutha kupita ku dziwe louma lomwe lili pafupi, werengani mosamala zomwe zakulamo ndikuzama, kenako sankhani mtundu wa dziwe lanu.
Popeza madzi mu dziwe ndi osasunthika, monga m'malo ambiri opangira, mbewu zomwe zili mmenemo ndizoyenera, kuphatikiza, zonsezo, kupatula, zimasinthidwa kuti zizolowera nyengo yakumaloko.
Poterepa, zitheka kutulutsa chomera chamunthu wachikulire munyumba yamalimwe nthawi yomweyo. Koma muyenera kusamala osapita "kukapanga" kokha, chifukwa pambuyo pa zonse, mbewu zambiri zimamera m'malo otentha, koma apa zimakhala zovuta kuti munthu m'modzi azitha kugwira ntchitoyo, ndipo siyotetezeka. Muyenera kukhala ndi mitengo iwiri yayitali kuti muthe kuyika pansi pa mapazi anu, nsapato zabwino za mphira zokhala ndi shaft yayitali komanso wothandizira wodalirika yemwe adzayenera kukhala pagombe, koma posachedwa mtengo.
Zomera zam'madzi zotchuka kwambiri padziwe
Otsatirawa ndi mbewu zam'madzi padziwe lomwe lili ndi zithunzi ndi mayina omwe azikongoletsa dziwe lanu lokongoletsa.
Chomera chotchuka cham'madzi popanga dziwe lochita kupanga ndi kakombo wamadzi, kapena kakombo wamadzi. Ili m'gulu la mbewu zam'nyanja ndipo ili ndi mpweya wolimba kwambiri. Pali mitundu inayi ya maluwa amadzi: amtali (akuya kubzala - 0,0-0.25 m, mainchesi pamtunda wokutidwa ndi masamba - 0,3-0.6 m, malo ophimba - 1-2.5 m2, m'mimba wamaluwa - 5-10 cm ), osaya (kubzala mozama - 0,1-0.25 m, m'mimba mwake mwake wokutidwa ndi masamba - 0,3-0.6 m, malo achitetezo - 1-2.5 m2, m'mimba mwake wa maluwa - 5-10 cm), pafupifupi (kukula kwakubzala - 0,1-0.25 m, m'mimba mwake pamtunda wokutidwa ndi masamba - 0,3-0.6 m, malo okomera - 1-2.5 m2, m'mimba wamaluwa - 5-10 cm) ndi lalikulu (kubzala mozama - 0.1-0.25 m, m'mimba mwake wa masamba okutidwa ndi masamba - 0,3-0.6 m, malo ophimba - 1-2.5 m2, utoto wamkati ka - 5-10 cm). Nthawi zambiri maluwa akuluakulu amadzi okongola ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ang'onoang'ono komanso osakonzekera. Koma zakale zimamera m'malo otentha ndipo sizisintha momwe timafunira. Kuphatikiza apo, maluwa akuluakulu amadzi amafunika dziwe lalikulu. Koma maluwa ang'onoang'ono am'madzi ndi malo sizikhala pang'ono, ndipo amamva bwino mu nyengo yakomweko.
Monga tikuonera pachithunzichi, mbewu zam'madzi za dziwe zimabwera ndi maluwa oyera, ofiira, ofiira komanso achikasu:
Masamba amayamba kukula nthawi yomweyo madzi oundana atasungunuka, kutentha kwa madzi mu dziwe kukwera madigiri angapo pamwamba pa zero zero ya thermometer, ndipo mbewu zimaphuka mpaka nthawi yophukira. Pachimake maluwa awo amapezeka nthawi yotentha kwambiri. Mukamasankha mtundu wamaluwa amadzi, mawonekedwe awo ayenera kukumbukiridwa: kutentha kwa zomwe zilipo (mitundu yachilendo sikasinthidwa ndi nyengo yathu), kuya kwa malo osungirako (mitundu ina imafuna akuya mita 1), malo oyandikira maluwa kuti aphimbidwe.
Ngati dziwe laling'onoting'ono, ndiye kuti maluwa ambiri atuluka kupitirira theka la dziwe, ndipo izi zingapangitse kuti padziwe, pakhale kusowa kwa mpweya m'madzi, mpweya wambiri udzaoneka ndipo madzi adzawola.
Maluwa am'madzi akuya akamakula (pakatha miyezi iwiri) amafunika kuasamutsira pansi mwakuya, ndipo ngati dziwe ndilosafunikira, ndiye kuti miphika yomwe ili ndi mizu imayenera kuchotsedwa pansi nthawi yozizira.
Zomera zomwe zili ndi masamba okumbika zimaphatikizapo schistolidae. Chomerachi chimafanana ndi kakombo wamadzi, chifukwa chimakhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono, osanjidwa ndi masamba a wavy (m'mimba mwake mpaka 5 cm).
Onani chithunzichi: mu chomera ichi padziwe, maluwa achikasu omwe amatengedwa mu inflorescence amafika mainchesi 4. Nthawi zambiri, chikhalidwechi chimabzalidwa padziwe mpaka maluwa amadzi atakhazikika. Chimayesetsa kukula mwachangu. Kubzala mozama - 0,3-0.6 m, kutalika kwa maluwa pamwamba pamadzi - 5-8 masentimita. Kusambira kwamaluwa kuyambira pa Julayi mpaka Seputembala. Kuberekanso kumachitika mwa kugawana ma rhizomes ndipo kumachitika kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena chilimwe.
Chomera china chochokera munyanja yakuya ndi biringanya. Ichi ndi "wachibale" wa kakombo wamadzi, ngakhale si wokongola kwambiri. Makapisozi a dzira amakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono komanso osasangalatsa omwe amabzala pamiyendo yambiri yomwe imakwera pamwamba pamadzi. Chomera chimafunika madzi othamanga komanso mthunzi wocheperako. Padziwe lalitali kwambiri, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kapu ya mazira yaying'ono komanso yaying'ono.
Makapisozi a dzira achi Japan ndi akunja amapezeka nthawi zambiri kukagulitsidwa, koma dziwe lalikulu limafunikira mbewuzi, chifukwa m'mimba mwake wamtengowu umafika 8 cm, ndipo pestle imafanana ndi kukula ndi mawonekedwe ku botolo yaying'ono yamagalasi. Kuzama kwa kubzala ndi 0,3-0.6 m (kwa mitundu yaying'ono), kutalika kwa maluwa pamwamba pamadzi ndi 8 masentimita, ma bloplant amatulutsa kuyambira Juni mpaka Seputembala, ndikuchulukana mwa kugawa ma rhizomes kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena chilimwe.
Zomera zoyandama za dimba lokongoletsa
Vodokras wamba, kapena chule, - chomera choyandama pamadzi. Chikhalidwechi nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madziwe ang'onoang'ono, chifukwa chimamera pang'onopang'ono, ngakhale chimanga chonse nthawi yachilimwe, ndipo masamba ake amafa. Nyengo yachisanu imakhala nthawi yozizira m'munsi mwa dziwe, yomwe kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe imatuluka ndipo chomera chatsopano chimamera kuchokera kwa iwo. Akatswiri ena amalimbikitsa kuti tichotse impso limodzi ndi matope pansi pa nthawi yozizira ndikuisunga mumtsuko wamadzi, ndikuyika pansi mpaka mu Epulo. Izi ziteteza anthu kuti asazizire, chifukwa maiwe ang'onoang'ono amaundana bwino.
Masamba a vodokras amafika masentimita 2,5-5. Kutalika kwa maluwa pamwamba pamadzi ndi masentimita 3-5. Vodokras amafalitsa m'chilimwe pogawa tchire.
Chimodzi mwazomera zodziwika bwino pantchito yopanga maiwe okumba - nyanga. Chomera ichi ndi chopanga mpweya wa okosijeni, ndiko kuti, chilibe mizu ndipo chimakula mwachindunji m'madzi. Kusinthidwa ndi mikhalidwe iliyonse yowunikira, sikukula kwambiri, kumachulukana pogawa mphukira m'magulu achilimwe.
M'madzi amawoneka ngati burashi lambiri. Chomera ndichofunika kusamalira bwino m'madzi.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma Hornwort, koma yobiriwira yakuda kapena yamira imalimbikitsidwa m'madziwe ochita kupanga. Chomera chimachotsa mawonekedwe amtunda pansi pa posungira.
Zomwe zimabzala pafupi ndi dziwe m'dziko muno
Pansipa amafotokozeredwa mbewu za m'mphepete mwa dziwe zokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina omwe zingabzalidwe pozungulira chosungira.
Mpweya amatanthauza chomera cha m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Pali mitundu ingapo ya magazus, yomwe imasiyana mu mtundu ndi kukula kwake. Mukamasankha, kumbukirani kuti mitundu yosaphika imakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha chisanu. Nthawi zambiri, mitundu iwiri ya zinthu za m'mphepete mwa dziwezi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga dziwe lamasamba: wambaus ndi marsh magazus.
Mitundu yoyamba ndi yayikulu kwambiri, yofanana ndi iris. Ili ndi masamba owongoka okhala ndi muvi wopatsa fungo labwino. Cob inflorescence ndiosafunikira kwenikweni - ali ang'ono, obiriwira komanso owoneka bwino. Mtundu wachiwiri wa magazus uli ndi masamba okongola okhala ndi mtundu wa zonona-wobiriwira, womwe kumapeto kwake umakhala wobiriwira-pinki.
Kutalika kwa chomera cha m'mbali mwa dziwe lino ndi 0,5-1 m. Zomera zam'madzi izi zimafunikira kubzalidwe mozama masentimita 8 mpaka 15. Komanso chomera cha m'mphepete - Volzhanka. Volzhanka ndi yofanana ndi Volzhanka nkhalango, kapena wamba. Zotsirizirazi ndizofala kwambiri. Chomera ichi ndi chosazindikira, chimazika mizu m'malo atsopano, chimakhala chachitali mamita 2 patatha zaka ziwiri. Nthawi yamaluwa - Juni-Julayi, yofalitsidwa ndikugawa tchire mukugwa. Volzhanka inflorescence ndi yayikulu, fluffy komanso yayitali (mpaka 20 cm), imakhala ndi maluwa oyera ambiri oyera. Muyenera kubzala mbewu pamtunda wa 75 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake komanso pang'ono, chifukwa chomera chachikuluchi chimaphimba posungira kwambiri. Pakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, lupus erythematosus iyenera kudulidwa, kusiya masamba osachepera 10-15 okha pamwamba padziko lapansi.Mafunikanso kubzala mbewu pamthunzi.
Zomera za m'mphepete mwa nyanja kuzungulira dziwe m'dzikoli
Mukasankha mbewu yoti ibzale pafupi ndi dziwe mdziko muno, tcherani khutu ku ma buttercups, nawonso ndi a gulu la mbewu zam'mphepete mwa nyanja. Pazopangira maiwe okumba, ntchito ya buttercup pansi pamadzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe imawoneka yachilendo kwambiri - imakhala ndi mitundu iwiri ya masamba: masamba apansi pamadzi amasungidwa m'magawo oonda ofanana ndi tsitsi, ndipo omwe akuyenda pansi ali ndi masamba opendekera katatu ndikuwoneka ngati clover. Maluwa oyamba amawonekera kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Zimakhala zoyera, pazomera zokhala ndi nthambi zomwe zimakwera pamwamba pamadzi. Nthawi yamaluwa ikatha, mbewu imafa. Ranunculus amafalitsa mu kasupe ndi chilimwe mwa kudula.
Kaluzhnitsa ndi chomera cha marsh, ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kukongoletsa magombe am'madzi. Chomera pafupi ndi dziwe ndichikhalidwe chosasinthika chomwe chimamera bwino m'mphepete mwa ma dziwe kapena madambo. Kaluga limamasula koyambirira - mu Epulo. Maluwa ake amafanana ndi maluwa a buttercup, ndipo masamba ndi ozungulira kapena ooneka ngati mtima. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya mbewuyi, yomwe idabyala pafupi ndi dziwe, ndi mar marold. Kutalika kwa mmera ndi 0,3-0,5 m, kamabzalidwa mpaka 5 cm, ndipo limamasuwa ndi maluwa owala achikasu.
Mtundu wina wotchuka kuzungulira dziwe ndi Plena Calthapalustris. Chikhalidwe ichi ndi chosiyana terry, maluwa achikasu ofanana ndi chrysanthemums yaying'ono, limamasuwa mu Epulo. Tchire limafikira kutalika kwa 10-30 cm. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu ya Alba, imaluwa mu Meyi ndi maluwa oyera. Chikhalidwecho chimakula mchithaphwi, chodzala chodzala chimafikira 2,5 cm, kutalika kwa mbewu ndi 15 cm cm.Marigold wina, woonda-sepal, pang'ono ngati Alba. Koma uyu ndi chimphona chenicheni pakati pa abale ena onse. Makilogalamu angapo a kalalhnitsa amakhala ndi masamba akuluakulu okongola komanso maluwa akuluakulu achikaso, amakula mpaka 1 m ndipo amakodzedwa mpaka 5 cm cm m'malo osungira kwambiri. Zomera zonsezi, zomwe zimamera pafupi ndi dziwe mdziko, zimachulukana kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi mbewu zatsopano kapena tchigawa zogawanika.
Zomera zina ziti zobzala pafupi ndi dziwe m'dziko muno
Ndi mbewu ziti zina zomwe zingabzalidwe pafupi ndi dziwe kuti zikongoletse malo am'mphepete mwa nyanjayo?
Sedge Amamera m'madzi ndi dothi louma. Kubzala kwake m'madzi ndi masentimita 5. Pali mbewu zazitali zomwe ndizoyenera matupi akulu amadzi. Pakukongoletsa dziwe, kupendekera sedge kumakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Chomera ichi, chomwe chimadzalidwa pafupi ndi dziwe m'dzikoli, chimakhala ndi masamba achikasu, ndipo chitsamba chimafikira kutalika kwa 0,5. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito sedge - chili ndi masamba obiriwira komanso oyera ndipo kutalika kwa chitsamba ndi 0,3-0.6 m. Kotula ndi gombe mmera wokhala ndi masamba onunkhira. Tchire lake limakula kukhala lalitali masentimita 15, ndipo limaluwa nthawi yonse yotentha m'mitundu yaying'ono yachikasu, yotuwa ngati batani. Pali cholembera wa coronetifolium - chomera cha pachaka chomwe chimafalitsidwa mosavuta ndikudzibzala.
Mutha kubzala mbewu za mbewuyi kasupe kunyumba, kenako, ndikazilowetsedwa mumphika wouma, wobzalidwa mu dziwe.Kuzama kwa kambuku ndi 12 cm.
Chomera chabwino kwambiri cha m'mphepete mwa dziwe ndicho pontederia. Wodziwika kwambiri pokonza dziwe la m'munda ndi pontederia yooneka ngati mtima. Ichi ndi chomera chokongola kwambiri: chimakhala ndi masamba akulu owoneka bwino, zitsamba zobiriwira, inflorescence ndi masipinda a cylindrical a utoto wabuluu wamtundu, kutalika kwa matenthedwe ndi 0.6-0.75 m, imamera pang'onopang'ono. Pontederia imamasula kuyambira Julayi mpaka Seputembala, yofalitsidwa ndikugawa tchi kumapeto kwa masika. Komabe, mmera, wobzalidwa mozungulira dziwe mdziko muno, suugwirizana kwambiri ndi chisanu, nthawi yozizira ndi masamba pansi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti impsoyo ikhale yakuya momwe mungathere, kapena kuti muteteze, muyenera kusankha impso kuchokera pansi ndi sludge ndipo nthawi yozizira ikani mtsuko wamadzi, ndipo ndikutentha kwawonso kusunthira kumalo osungira.
