Oyamba kumene amaganiza kuti kulima clematis kumangopezeka kwa olima maluwa odziwa, kuwonjezera apo, kwinakwake kumwera kapena ku Baltic. Mwamwayi, izi siziri choncho. Ngakhale ku malo “osavutikira” kwambiri ku Non-Black Earth Region, Kumpoto-Kumadzulo kwa Russia, Urals ndi Siberia, okonda malo amatenga maphwando osangalatsa, amakumana ndi mitundu yatsopano komanso njira zatsopano zowakulitsira.
Kwazaka zingapo tsopano, patsamba langa pafupi ndi Naro-Fominsk - malo ozizira kwambiri m'magawo ang'onoang'ono - ndakhala ndikuchita clematis. Mikhalidwe yathu ili kutali ndi paradiso. Ndipo komabe, chilimwe chilichonse chilimwe chimandisangalatsa ndi maluwa ambiri komanso okhala nthawi yayitali.
Clematis (Lomonos) phiri. © Andrew DunnMadeti a kubzala clematis m'matawuni
Mtsutso wambiri pakati pa okonda clematis umabweretsa funso pa nthawi yakubzala. Ndinakhutitsidwa ndi zomwe zidandichitikira kwa nthawi yayitali kuti nthawi yabwino kwambiri ndi nthawi yozizira kwambiri ya ku Moscow Region. Ndipamene clematis amakhala wocheperako. Zomera zidapita kuchipululu ndikukonzekera nyengo yozizira.
Ngati kubzala kwa clematis kuimitsidwa pazifukwa zina kasupe, ndimatero mpaka masamba atayamba kukula kapena atangoyamba kutupa. Uku ndi kumapeto kwa Epulo - koyambirira kwa Meyi.
Muzochuluka kwambiri, clematis ikhoza kuikidwa mu chilimwe, kuyembekezera kuti mphukira zipatsidwe ulemu. Pankhaniyi, ndinadula mphukira zokulira. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikusintha ndikasinthana ndi chilimwe, sindimadzaza kabowo mpaka kumphepete, koma ndichisiyireni 5-10 cm osadzaza. Ndipo ndimadzaza pang'onopang'ono, pomwe mphukira zimalemekezedwa.
Clematis (Lomonosus) ndi munda wamphesa. © RumlinKusankha Malo a Clematis
Mwachilengedwe, clematis amakhala munthaka. Chifukwa chake, ali ndi zizolowezi zachilendo: mizu imafunikira dothi labwino komanso lonyowa, ndipo masamba ndi maluwa amafunikira dzuwa. Monga mbewu yophukira, iye saopa kwambiri mpikisano wa mizu ya mbewu zina. Ndi chifukwa chake ndimabzala mpesa ndi tulips, daffodils, hyacinths, crocuses. Chapakatikati, pachimake cha anyezi, clematis ali pafupifupi osawoneka. Koma nthawi ikupita, ndipo masenthe oyambira maluwa amatuluka kwa iwo. Mipesa iyi imamverera pafupi kwambiri ndi peonies, koma payenera kukhala osachepera 2-5 mamita ku mtengo.
Kwa clematis, ndikofunikira kukhala wolemera mu humus, chonde chokhala ndi mchenga kapena dothi loamy lokhala ndi acidic reaction (pH = 5.6-6.5). Amavutika kwambiri chifukwa chonyowa m'malo okhala ndi madzi osavuta. M'madothi okhala ndi madzi, clematis amasowa mpweya, mbewu zimatha.
Pakupita kwa zaka, malo agawidwa pansi pa zigawo. Chifukwa chake m'dera langa, lomwe lili m'mphepete mwa Rivulet yaying'ono, nthawi ina inamira ndikuchita pansi. Njira yodalirika yothirira madzi owonjezera ndikukhazikitsa zitsime ndi ngalande. Koma mutha kubzala clematis pazokwera kwambiri. Komabe, nthawi yozizira, malo oterowo amafunikira pogona pabwino kwambiri. Mulimonsemo, pansi pa dzenjelo, ndikofunikira kukonza ngalande kapena zidutswa zosweka (osachepera 25 cm).
Clematis (Lomonos) Jacquemann. © Mike GiffordKusankha kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya clematis pamatauni
Oyamba kumene amaganiza kuti mitundu yokhala ndi ma clematis ndi ma hybrids omwe amatulutsa kwambiri mphukira za chaka chamakono (a Jackmani, Vititsella, magulu a Integrifolia) ndi omwe amapambana madera omwe ali ndi "nyengo yofatsa". Zowonadi, m'matawuni, mitundu Anastasia Anisimova, Hagley Hybrid, Mfumukazi ya Gypsy, Golden Jubilee, Ville de Lyon, cosmic Melody, Victory Salute, Blue Flame adziwonetsa okha bwino lomwe. Gulu la Varshavyanka la ku Poland, Madame Baron Vilar, Victoria, Tuchka, Nikolai Rubtsov, Mephistopheles, ndi zina. Asanakhazikitsidwe nyengo yachisanu pa clematis, mphukira zonse zimadulidwa mpaka tsamba loyamba (20-30 cm) kapena mulingo wa dothi. Kuthira chitsamba ndi dothi louma kapena peat (kuphatikiza chipale chofewa nthawi yozizira) kudzateteza motsimikiza impso kuti zisazizire.
Mosamala kwambiri, oyamba kumene amathandizira magulu a Patens. Florida ndi Lanuginoza. Koma pachabe! Kupatula apo, iwo amatulutsa kawiri: nthawi yoyamba - mwezi umodzi pamaso pa magulu a Jackmani, Vititzella ndi Integrifolia, ndipo chachiwiri - kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi maluwa okongola okhala ndi zofukiza zachilendo. Zidzakhala zosangalatsatu patsiku lotentha la India ndi Gladstone wokongola kwambiri kapena Jeanne d'Arc, wazithunzi Marcel Moser ndi pinki wofewa wa pinki Fair Rosamund!
Clematis (Lomonosus) wokhala ndi chidwi chonse. © KENPEIClematis pogona nyengo yachisanu
Popeza maluwa oyamba a maguluwa amapezeka ndi zilonda za chaka chatha, ndipo chachiwiri pa chatsopano, kukhala kwawo nthawi yachisanu kumafuna pang'ono. Lisanayambe chisanu chamtundu wonse, ndimafupikitsa timitengo kuti 1 mita, kuchotsa ofooka ndi osweka. Pansi pa chitsamba muloyika ndi dothi louma kapena peat. Ndimachotsa zilonda pamathandizo, ndimatembenuza ndikuzikhazika pachitsamba. Malo osavuta kwambiri komanso otchipa kwambiri a clematis amatha kukhala bokosi lama zipatso. Ndimayika pepala louma pansi pake, ndikuphimba pansi pa bokosilo, lomwe tsopano limakhala padenga, lokhala ndi pulasitiki wokutira kapena womata. M'nthawi yozizira kwambiri chipale chofewa, ndimayang'ananso chisanu.
Ndikofunikira kuphimba bwino, koma ndikofunikira kubisa nthawi yoyenera komanso kumapeto kwa chaka. Choyamba, ndimachotsa filimuyo kapena zinthu zofolerera, bokosi, kenako masamba owuma kapena singano, pokhapokha pena pali mulch. Kutalika kumeneku, komwe kumakhala kutalika kwa masentimita 5-7, kumakhalabe kwa clematis kwautali kwambiri ndikukuteteza masamba kutalika pakusintha kutentha kwa dzuwa ndi kuwala kowala kwa dzuwa. Pali zoopsa kuti masamba a clematis azidzathamanga kukula nthawi isanakwane, mpaka nthaka yakuya yatentha ndipo mizu yake singathe kugwira bwino ntchito. Zotsatira zake, mbewuyo ikhoza kufa.
Zimachitikanso: chifukwa chosinthana ndi thaws ndi mochedwa chisanu, madzi oundana amawumbika pansi. Musakhale mulch, ayeziyu amatha kuthyola mizu ndikuwononga maziko a chitsamba cha clematis. Zomera zowonongeka zoterezi, ngati sizifa nkomwe, ndiye kuti zimamera pakatha milungu 2-4, zomwe zimakhudza maluwa osati m'njira yabwino. Amateteza ku chisanu ndikuyandikira clematis, pomwe malo oyeserera amakhala pamalo akuya osachepera 10-15 cm.
Wolemba V. Zorina
