Chomera cha Nolin (Nolina) ndi woimira banja la Agave. Kuthengo, imatha kupezeka kumwera kwa United States, komanso ku Mexico. Zomera zoterezi zimakhala ndi dzina lina la botanical - bokarneya. Anthu amachitcha "Mchira wa Akavalo", womwe umalumikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe ndi masanjidwe a masamba, ndipo mawonekedwe a thunthu, wonyoza amatchedwa "phazi la njovu."
Indoor nolina siunda wamtali kwambiri. Mu chomera cha botolo choterocho, thunthu pamunsi limakulitsidwa. Kukula kumeneku kumagwira ntchito ngati madzi komwe madzi amasonkhana, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chomera nthawi yayitali, pomwe masamba owonda masamba amalola madziwo kuti asatuluke msanga, chifukwa chomwe chikhalidwe ichi chimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukana kwake chilala. Kupanga ulin ndikosavuta. Mphamvu yodzala imagwiritsidwa ntchito yotsika, popeza mizu yake simalowa kwambiri m'nthaka, chifukwa kuthengo, chomera choterocho chimakonda nthaka yamiyala. Nolina wakula ngati mtengo wokongoletsa masamba, chifukwa kunyumba sikutulutsa. Chimawoneka ngati chomera chimodzi.
Kufotokozera mwachidule kukula
- Maluwa. Nolin wakula ngati mtengo wokongoletsa masamba, pomwe kunyumba sikutuluka.
- Kuwala. Chomera chimafuna kuwala kowala, kosakanizira chaka chonse.
- Njira yotentha. Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, matenthedwe amayenera kukhala kutentha kwa chipinda, ndipo nthawi yozizira - chikhalidwechi chimafunikira kuzirala (kuchokera madigiri 10 mpaka 12), koma kutentha kuyenera kuchepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono.
- Kuthirira. Kuthirira ndikofunikira pogwiritsa ntchito njira yotsirira. Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, muyenera kuthilira tchire zochulukirapo mukangomaliza kupukutira. M'nyengo yozizira, ndikofunikira kuthirira madzi ochepa.
- Chinyezi cha mpweya. Zabwinobwino
- Feteleza. Sikufunika kudyetsa nolin. Izi zimachitika pokhapokha ngati pakufunika kutero, pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa mchere, kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimayenera kukhala zowonjezereka kanayi kuposa zomwe zalembedwera.
- Nthawi yopumula. Novembala-Marichi.
- Thirani. Ndikofunikira kuphatikizira kumapeto kwa nthawi yopuma. Mpaka zaka zitatu kapena zinayi tchire zimafunikira kubwezeretsa chaka chilichonse, pomwe zonenepa zambiri - kamodzi pakatha zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu.
- Kusakaniza kwa dothi. Malo amtambo, peat ndi mchenga (1: 1: 2).
- Kuswana. Njira ndi njira za mbeu.
- Tizilombo zovulaza. Mealybugs, tizilombo tambiri, ndi akangaude.
- Matendawa. Kuzungulira thunthu.
Nolina amasamalira kunyumba
Kuwala
M'chaka chonse, nolin imafunikira mawonekedwe owala ndi owala. Ikakula m'nyumba, iyenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa. Pankhani imeneyi, kuti mulime duwa lotere, ndikulimbikitsidwa kusankha mawindo akumadzulo kapena kum'mawa. Ngati sill yakumwera yasankhidwa chifukwa cha izi, ndiye kuti mphika uyenera kuchotsedwa pawindo. M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi yopuma, chitsamba chimafunika kuwala kowala, pokhudzana ndi izi, nthawi zambiri chimafuna kuunikira kowonjezera.
Njira yotentha
Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, nthawi yakula, mbewuyo imafunikira kutentha, ndipo safunikira malo apadera. Ngati nthawi yozizira mutha kumera dambo m'malo ozizira (kuchokera madigiri 10 mpaka 12), ndiye kuti kuchokera mu Seputembala muyenera kuchepetsa kutentha, koma pang'onopang'ono. Chifukwa chake mumakonzera chitsamba nthawi yonse yotsala. Ngati nthawi yozizira, nolin izikhala yotentha kupitirira madigiri 18, ndiye kuti sipadzakhala nthawi yopumula, pomwe kukula kwake kudzatha chaka chonse. M'chilimwe, chitsamba chimatha kusunthidwa mpweya wabwino, iyenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo komanso mvula. Kukonzekera kumapha mbewuyi.
Momwe mungamwere
Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, muyenera kuthilira madzi ambiri, koma osati kangapo. Kuti muchite izi, chidebe chomwe chili ndi duwa chiyenera kumizidwa kwathunthu mumadzi, chimayenera kutulutsidwa pambuyo poti dothi losakanizika litanyowa. Kenako muyenera kudikirira mphindi 30 mpaka madzi akumwa ochuluka. Thirirani chitsamba pokhapokha dothi lawuma. Madzi okhazikika mu gawo lapansi amatha kuwononga mbewu. Ulimi wothirira womwewo ndi wofunikira kwa nolin ngati nthawi yozizira ali m'chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwambiri. Ngati chipindacho chimakhala chozizira kuposa madigiri 15 m'nyengo yozizira, ndiye kuti kuthirira kuyenera kukhala kosadetsa komanso osowa. Ngati duwa limabisala pa kutentha kwa madigiri 10 kapena kutsika, ndipo kumakhala nyengo yofundira, ndiye kutsirira kuyimitsidwa mpaka kumapeto. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ngati nthawi yozizira chomera chomwe chili m'chipinda chozizira chadzaza, ndiye kuti chifa.
Kuwaza
Ngati nolin imamera pakhomo, ndiye kuti kuipukutira kuchokera ku siperulira sikofunikira, chifukwa njirayi ndiyothandiza kupukuta nthaka. M'malo akuthengo, masamba a maluwa oterowo amatenga mame am'mawa, kenako amatsikira pakati pa malo ogulitsira pansi ndi thunthu mpaka pansi. Ndikupangira kuti kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuchitike pokhapokha paukhondo. Kuti muchite izi, nyowetsani chitsamba kuchokera ku botolo lothira, kenako ndikupukuta masamba ake ndi siponji kapena chinsalu chonyowa. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuthirira chikhalidwe chotere ndi madzi osalala okhazikika, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito yophika.
Kudyetsa nolina
Ngati chipinda cholin chimapereka chisamaliro choyenera, chimakula ndikukula popanda feteleza. Ngati mungafune, kuvala pamwamba kumatha kuchitika nthawi yachilimwe-nthawi yachilimwe, pomwe kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa michere yomwe yagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyenera kukhala hafu yomwe idalimbikitsa. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani feteleza wama mineral, pomwe nolin sangadyetsedwe osaposa nthawi imodzi mu masabata atatu. Kuvala pamwamba kumalimbikitsidwa mukathilira chitsamba kapena kuthiriridwa madzi musanalowe feteleza.
Thirani
Pobzala ndikubzala, miphika yotsika koma yotere imagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa chikhalidwe choterocho chimakhala ndi mizu yoyambira. Izi ndichifukwa choti pansi pa chilengedwe, nolin imakonda kumera pathanthwe. Pansi pa mphika mufunika kupanga chosanja chokwanira chokwanira, ndikuthokoza, mutatha kuthirira, madzi owonjezera amatha kusiya gawo lapansi. Kuti tikonzekere gawo lapansi, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza peat, nthaka ndi pepala (1: 1: 2). Mutha kutenga dothi losakanikirana ndi izi: peat, mchenga, kamba, tsamba ndi humus, chilichonse chimatengedwa chimodzimodzi. Palinso chosavuta chosankha: phatikizani dothi la m'munda ndi mchenga wopota (1: 1), tikulimbikitsidwa kuthira timiyala tating'ono tosakaniza.
Kuika kumachitika pofunikira, pomwe mizu yake imakhala pafupi mumphika. Chitsamba chisanafike zaka 3 kapena 4, kuziika chimachitika chaka chilichonse, pomwe mbewu zokhwima zambiri zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kamodzi pakatha zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Kubzala chitsamba kumachitika mozama momwe zidakulira kale izi zisanachitike, pomwe kuthirira koyamba kumachitika pokhapokha masiku 4-5.
Kubala nolina
Kulima mbewu
Monga lamulo, pakukulira mu malo mchipinda, alimi a maluwa amakonda kufalitsa nolin ndi mbewu njira, ngakhale kuti ndizovuta kwambiri. Pofesa mbewu, muyenera kutenga gawo loyambira mchenga ndi peat (1: 1). Atangofesa, mbewu kwa masiku 1-2 imayikidwa mu yankho la chopukusira, kapena m'madzi oyera. Kenako mbewuzo zimayenera kugawidwa moyenera panthaka yosakaniza, mtunda pakati pawo uzikhala wosachepera 20 mm. Kenako amawazidwa ndikusakanizika ndi nthaka yomweyo, pomwe makulidwe ofunda ayenera kukhala ofanana ndi mulifupi wa mbewu. Mphika umatsukidwa pamalo abwino-oyaka, ndipo usiku mbande zifunika kuyatsa ndi nyali za fluorescent. Mbewu ziyenera kukhala zotentha (osachepera madigiri 20), ngakhale zili bwino ngati kutentha kumasungidwa pa madigiri 24-25. Chidebe chomwe chili pamwamba chimakutidwa ndi filimu. Mbewu amafunika kupereka mwatsatanetsatane mpweya wabwino, womwe umachitika pambuyo poti mawonekedwe a condensate pogona. Ndikofunikira kuthirira gawo lapansi mosamala, kusayenda kwamadzimadzi sikuyenera kuwonedwa mmalo mwake, komanso, sikungaloledwenso kupukuta. Mbewu zoyambirira zimayenera kuonekera pakatha milungu 4.
Mbande zolimbirana ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa mumiphika imodzimodzi, pomwe gawo laling'onolo likuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mofananamo nthawi yomwe mukupatsirana nolin (onani pamwambapa). Mbande zimafunikira chisamalidwe monga tchire akuluakulu.
Kufalikira kwa nolin machitidwe
Pofalitsa chikhalidwe chotere, mphukira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Choyamba muyenera kudula mosamalitsa njira yakuberekera kuchokera pachitsamba cha kholo, ndiye kuti iyenera kubzalidwa mumtsuko wodzazidwa ndi kusakaniza kwa dothi, komwe kumaphatikizapo mchenga, vermiculite ndi peat (1: 1: 1). Tengani msomali ndikukhazikitsa kabowo kakang'ono kosakanikirana ndi dothi, ndipo amayika njirayo, pomwe gawo lake limapangidwa. Mphika uyenera kuchotsedwa ofunda (pafupi madigiri 24-25) ndi malo owala bwino, pamwamba pakepo uyenera kuphimbidwa ndi mtsuko wagalasi. Phula liyenera kuchotsedwa mwadongosolo kuti mpweya wabwino uziliramo ndi kupukutira gawo lapansi kuchokera kutsitsi. Pambuyo pa masamba angapo ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi maluwa, maluwawo amachotsedwako zabwino, ndipo tchire limasiyidwa ndi chisamaliro chofanana ndi chomera chachikulu.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Pakakulidwa zilonda, mavuto amtunduwu amatha kuchitika ngati saasamalidwa bwino.
Masamba achichepere amayamba kuzimiririka ndi osaya. Nthawi zambiri, vutoli limakula chifukwa limakula chifukwa limakula m'malo otentha bwino.
Malangizo a tsamba limasanduka zofiirira. Vutoli limawonedwa m'maluwa ambiri amkati. Izi ndichifukwa choti chipindacho chili ndi chinyezi chambiri.
Thunthu likuyamba kuwonda kwambiri. Monga mbewu zonse zamabotolo, thunthu la nolina limakhala loonda pamene gawo lapansi limangokhala ndi madzi ambiri. Ngati chitsamba chimathiriridwa madzi pafupipafupi, osadikirira kuti dothi lisakanikirane, thunthu limakhala loonda, chifukwa silisonkhanitsa madzi, chifukwa palibe chifukwa chake. Kuti thunthu lisagone ngati botolo, ndikofunikira kuthirira nolin pokhapokha dothi ladzaza.
Kugudubuza thunthu. Thunthu limayamba kuvunda chifukwa cha kuzimiririka kwamadzi mu gawo lapansi, lomwe limawonedwa chifukwa chothirira pafupipafupi. Njira imeneyi imachitika pokhapokha dothi louma litha.
Tizilombo
Chomera chimagwirizana kwambiri ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma nthawi zina, nkhanambo, nthata kapena nthangala za akangaude zimatha kukhazikika. Pazifukwa zodzitetezera, munthu sayenera kulola kuti mpweya mchipindamo ukhale wouma kwambiri, ndipo masamba ake amayenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse ndi chinkhupule chofewa.
Mitundu ya nolins yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina
Nolina longifolia (Nolina longifolia)
Amatchulidwanso Bokarneya longifolia (Beaucarnea longifolia). Pakatikati patali, mtunduwu nthawi zambiri umalimidwa m'malo obiriwira, chifukwa ndizosatheka kupanga malo abwino m'nyumba. Kuthengo, mtunduwu ndi mtengo wokhala ndi thunthu lolimba, lomwe pamwamba pake limakutidwa ndi khungwa looneka ngati nkhata. Masamba akale amawuma pansi ndikutsikira padenga, ndipo potsatira amapanga china chofanana ndi sketi. Phukusi lalikulu looneka ngati panicle limakhala ndi maluwa ambiri oyera.
Nolina Lindemeira (Nolina lindheimayeza)
Kapena bokneeya Lindemeyra (Beaucarnea lindheimilisi). Chomera chilibe mtengo. Zingwe zazitali zazing'ono ndizodziwika ndi mphamvu zawo. Anthu amtunduwu amatchedwanso kuti "diabolical chingwe." Mtunduwu ndiwotsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ena. Kapangidwe kazinthu zazikulu kwambiri zochititsa mantha inflorescence zimaphatikizapo maluwa ang'onoang'ono. Mtunduwu umalimidwa m'minda ya botanical ndi greenhouse.
Nolina matapensis
Kaya nkhokwe ya Matapari (Beaucarnea matapensis). Zomera zamtunduwu ndizokwera pang'ono kuposa Lindemeira nolins, komabe ndizododometsa, chifukwa kutalika kwake sikupitirira masentimita 200. Zopangidwe zouma zokhala ndi masamba akale, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale china chofanana ndi siketi pamtengo. Masamba akuluakulu ochititsa mantha amakhala ndi maluwa oyera. Kunyumba, mtundu uwu sungalimidwe.
Bent Nolina (Nolina recurvata)
Kapena mpiru wopindika (Beaucarnea recurvata). Kapangidwe ka mbiya kamakhala ngati botolo, ndikukula mpaka pansi. Kutalika kwake kuthengo kumafikira 10 metres, ndipo kunyumba sikupita 2 metres. Pamwamba pake pali mizere yayitali yopapatiza yopendekera masamba, yomwe imaphatikizidwa mu socket. Kutalika kwa masamba obiriwira amdima pafupifupi 100 cm, ndipo m'lifupi ndi pafupifupi 20 mm, ndiwachikopa. Pang'onopang'ono, kuwonekera kwa gawo lamunsi la thunthu kumawonedwa. Udzu umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zopangira popanga mabasiketi ndi sombrero. Kunyumba, pafupifupi palibe maluwa. M'malo akuthyoka, mantha a maluwa otulutsa zonona amakhalanso pamtengowo.
