Mwa onse oimira banja la Begoniaceae, omwe alipo chikwi, mitundu yonse yazikhalidwe zamtengowu amagawika m'magulu atatu: maluwa okongoletsa, okongoletsa odabwitsa komanso ngati chitsamba. Begonias wokhala ndi maluwa okongoletsera ndi ambiri, ena a iwo amamasika mu kugwa, ena mu kuphuka. Zosiyanasiyana zomwe zikutulutsa chaka chonse ndizodziwika. Amatha kukhala ndi maluwa osavuta kapena awiri.
Malamulo a Begonia Care
Begonia amakonda kutentha kochepa kwa mpweya - madigiri 13-21. Zomera zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimalowa munyengo yozizira zimafa nthawi ino. Kuti tisunge ma tubers, ndikofunikira kuwateteza ku zotsatira za chimfine.
Begonias sakukakamira pamweya chinyezi, komabe, ngati kuli kotheka, ndibwino kupereka chinyezi chokwanira kwambiri, chifukwa mpweya wouma kwambiri ungavulaze mbewu. Ngakhale begonia imakonda kuunikira kwambiri, kuwunikira mwachindunji kwamasiku kumadziwikiramo, motero ndikofunikira kuti mthunzi ukhale. Begonias yotulutsa nthawi yozizira imafunika kuyatsa kwabwino kwambiri panthawiyi.
Begonia imamwetsa madzi nthawi yonse ya maluwa, nthawi yonseyi ikamapereka chinyezi kotero kuti dziko lapansi silikuuma. Mitengo yobzala yomwe imalowetsedwa nthawi yozizira imayamba kuthilira madzi masamba ake atasanduka chikasu. Pamakhalidwe a chomera, zonse zowonjezera komanso kusowa kwa chinyezi zimawonetsedwa.
Kuyambira ndikuwoneka masamba oyamba komanso nthawi yonse ya maluwa, mbewuyo imaphatikizidwa ndi njira yosapangidwira feteleza wa mchere. Ndipo kuti mizu isasokoke, makala amatsanulidwa pansi ndikuchokera pansi pokha. Nthawi yomweyo, tuber sangathe kuyikidwa m'manda kwambiri, nkuisiya pomwepo. Mukasintha begonia, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti pamafunika madzi abwino.
Begonia kuswana
Kufalikira kwa begonias kumachitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Yoyamba ndiyo kudula. Kuti muchite izi, nthawi yamasika, phesi limasiyanitsidwa ndi chomera chachikulu, chimazika mizu ndikubzala mumphika wochepa. Njira yosavuta yoberekera ndikugawa tuber. Kufalitsa mbewu ndi njira yovuta kwambiri. Si onse aboni omwe amatha kulimidwa kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba.
Begonias yamitundu yozizira yozizira bwino ndiyofunikira kufalitsa ndi kudulidwa kapena nsonga za zimayambira. Mu begonias wokhala ndi maluwa akulu, maluwa ang'ono achikazi azidulidwa (amapangidwa pafupi ndi achimuna - akulu). Ndikupangizanso kudulira maluwa omwe anazimiririka, ngati simtundu waung'ono-wotulutsa wa begonia.
Mavuto Akukula a Begonia
Pakati pamavuto omwe amalimidwa mkati mwaziphuphu, mavuto otsatirawa amakumana nawo nthawi zambiri. Nthawi zina mmera umataya masamba mwachangu. Makamaka ngati kugwa kumayendetsedwa ndi masamba owonda kwambiri, kumatha kuwonetsa kuyatsa kosakwanira. Ndipo ngati masamba nawonso ali ouma kwambiri komanso opotoza - mwina kutentha kwa mpweya ndi kosavomerezeka. Masamba opindika amatanthauza chinyezi chambiri kwambiri.
Masamba amatembenukira chikasu ngati mbewuyo ilibe kuwala kokwanira, komanso ngati sikokwanira kapena kuthirira kwambiri. Chifukwa chinyezi zambiri, kufinya masamba kapena kuwonongeka kwa masamba ndizothekanso.
Madontho a bulauni amawonekera kumapeto kwa masamba pamene begonia imavutika ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri. Nthawi zina begonia imatsitsa masamba. Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha mpweya wouma kapena chinyezi chambiri. Ngati begonia yakumana ndi matenda amtundu wina, choyamba, chotsani masamba onse omwe akhudzidwa ndikuthira mbewuyo ndi wothandizila, pambuyo pake ndikuyikidwa m'malo otentha komanso osayenerana ndi mbewu zina.
