Chithandizo cha currants ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga mu April

Currant ndichikhalidwe chamunda chomwe amakonda kwambiri ambiri okhala chilimwe. Amayamikiridwa osati chifukwa cha kukoma kwake, komanso zopindulitsa zake. Izi zikufotokozera kufunitsitsa kwamaluwa ambiri kuti abzale mbewuyi modandaula. Komabe, ma currants samakondweretsa anthu okha, komanso tizirombo tina tambiri zosiyanasiyana.

Chifukwa chake, mbewu iyi imakhudzidwa ndimatenda osiyanasiyana. Ngati muona kuti pali kachilombo ka kachilombo kamodzi pamtondo, mutha kumulankhula. Komabe, matenda ena ambiri a currant amatha kuthana nawo.

Kupewa matenda

Kusamalira chomera ichi kuyenera kuyamba kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, kugwira ntchito za zitsamba, zomwe ndi chitsimikizo cha nthawi yake komanso zipatso zokolola. Kupatula apo, nzika zodziwika bwino za chilimwe zimadziwa kuti nthawi yozizira itatha, tizirombo tambiri timayamba kudziwonetsa ndipo kutentha tikamakwera, amayamba kudzikonzera okha ndi othandizira.

Kuti mupewe izi, ayenera kusamalira chitetezo tchire lopindika kuchokera ku tizirombo ndi matenda. Ndipo muyenera kuchita izi posachedwa chisanu chikasungunuka, koma osachedwa kwambiri mpaka impso zitayamba kutupa.

Aliyense amamvetsetsa kuti popewa matendawa kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko, amadzipulumutsa ku zovuta zomwe zimakhudzana ndi chithandizo chake. Chifukwa chake, ngati chomera chikuyang'aniridwa moyenera, chimakhala chogonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri.

Ngati mukufuna chitsamba chanu cha currant kuti chisavutike ndi mavuto ngati amenewa, ndiye kuti, osazengereza, muyenera kuyamba kumusamalira.

1. Kale masabata oyambilira a kasupe, pomwe currant isanatuluke mu dormancy, kudulira mwaukhondo kumachitika. Nthambi zowuma, zowuma ndi zowonongeka zimayenera kuchotsedwa. Amafunika kudulidwa mosamala kuti pasakhale chitsa, chifukwa kudzera mwa iwo matendawa amatha kufalikira ku mbewu yonse.
2. Nthambi za chitsamba cha currant ziyenera kukhala pamwamba pa nthaka, ndipo chifukwa cha izi mufunika thandizo linalake. Zikuthandizirani kuti nthambi zikhale bwino, chifukwa zipatso zikayamba kucha, katundu wawo azichuluka. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ngati kuwonongeka kwa nthambi kungakhale ndi mwayi wowonjezerapo matenda kulowa mu mbewuyo.
3. Mukusamalira ma currants, ndikofunikira kuchotsa padziko lapansi pamizu. Zinyalala zomwe mumatenga pamalo ano kuti ziwotchedwe. Kwambiri, pano ndi pomwe pakhoza kukhala mabacteria komanso tizirombo toyambitsa matenda.
4. Chisanu chikasungunuka, mutha kuyamba kumasula mizere ya thunthu. Zotsatira zake, ntchitoyi ikupezeka pansi, nthaka yabwino.
5. Zomera zikalowa gawo lamasamba, kuphatikiza feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni zimachitika, zomwe zimathandizira kupangika kwa mazira atsopano.
6. Komanso, pofuna kupewa, zimakhala zomveka kubzala mitundu yabwino ya ma currants chifukwa chodzala, omwe amadziwika ndi kukana kwambiri kwa matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.

Pali nthawi zina pomwe ngakhale chisamaliro chokwanira sichiteteza zitsamba ndi matenda. Malinga ndi wokhala chilimwechi sizipweteka kudziwa mavuto omwe angayambitse kuwononga chikhalidwechi.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuti musangodziwa za zomwe tizirombo tikuchita, komanso kukhala ndi lingaliro la njira zoyendetsera.

Tizilombo tambiri

M'dera lililonse lanyanjayi pali tizilombo tambiri tambiri tomwe timakhala tansalu tating'ono komanso onunkhira, komanso masamba ndi zipatso za currant. Pakati pawo, wina amatha kusiyanitsa gulu la tizirombo lomwe nthawi zambiri limabweretsa chomera ichi.

• Impso ndi impso. Mwa dzina zikuwonekeratu kuti amakonda kwambiri masamba a mbewu.
• Alimbani ndikuwombera nsabwe za m'masamba, nthata za akangaude. Izi tizirombo timakonda masamba a currant.
• Currant goldfish ndi scutellum. Tizilombo timeneti timayambitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mphukira zazing'ono.
• Gooseberry moto ndi nkhungu. Tizilombo timeneti timadya zipatso zomwe sizinafike pokhwima.

Kuti muthane ndi adani awa, okhala pachilimwe amatha kugwiritsa ntchito pamodzi ndi wowerengeka azitsamba komanso mankhwalaadapangidwa mogwirizana ndi asayansi. Ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe mungazigwiritsire ntchito moyenera.

Njira Zowongolera Tizilombo

Impso. Ndizotengera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda amtunduwu azikhala ndi zovuta. Mukakhala pachitsamba, imalowa mu impso, motero imakhala yayikulu kwambiri, ndichifukwa chake imakhala yosavuta kusiyanitsa ndi anansi athanzi. Kwa wokhalamo chilimwe, cholinga chachikulu ndikuletsa kufotokozedwa kwa impso.

Kupanda kutero, nkhupakupa zidzawoneka, zomwe zimayamba kuvulaza chitsamba chotsalira. Izi zitha kupewedwa ngati, mu masabata oyambilira a kasupe, njira zimachitidwa kuti muthane nazo. Zothandiza kwambiri zimaganiziridwa makina kuchotsa mphukirayokhala ndi impso.

Komanso, ziwotchedwa. Ngati pali nthambi zambiri pach chitsamba, ndiye kuti nthawi zonse wokhalamo chilimwe satha kudziwa malo onse omwe akhudzidwa. Chifukwa chake, musangokhala ndi malire kungodulira.

Mutha kuwonjezera phindu polimbana ndi tizilombo kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa 1% sulufu yankho la colloidal kapena 0,2% yankho la malathion. Bordeaux madzimadzi ndi kukonzekera kwina kwapadera kumawonetsanso zotsatira zabwino.

Mukapopera mankhwala a currants, muyenera kukumbukira kuti mankhwalawa amagwira bwino kwambiri kutentha kosachepera 20 digiri Celsius.

Ngati tsiku lomwe munakonza kuti utsi, nyengo ikazizira, ndiye kuti mutatha kukonza chimbalicho chikuyenera kuphimbidwa ndi pulasitiki. Kuphatikiza zotsatirazo patatha masiku 10, chitsambachi chimafunikanso kuwaza.

Ma aphid. Kuti muwone kukhalapo kwa tizilombo pa chitsamba cha currant titha kupindika ndi makwinya a nthambi. Ngati mutayang'ana kumbuyo, mutha kupeza tambiri tambiri tating'onoting'ono tambiri.

Njira yothanirana ndi mazira a aphid ndikuchiza tchire ngakhale impso zisanatupe ndi 3% yankho la nitrafen.

Spider mite. Kuvulaza kwa tinthu to the bush currant kumakhala ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa masamba, zomwe zimakhudza zovuta zam'mera. Kale kumayambiriro kwa Meyi pamasamba mutha kuwona mawanga azungu kapena zofiirira.

Mukayang'ana kumbali yapansi, mutha kupeza Mafunso Njira yothanirana ndi tizilombo ndi kutola masamba owonongeka ndikuwotcha. Ndizothandizanso kuti muphatikize ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi 50% yankho la malathion.

Sawmill ya Blackcurrant ndi Willow Scale

Kapangidwe kamatabwa kakuyenera kuperekedwa mwachidwi, chifukwa nthawi zambiri sizotheka kuzizindikira panthawi yake chifukwa chake malo obisika. Mutha kumvetsetsa kuti ma currants amakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo atatha kuoneka ngati mphutsi zautumbu zomwe zimamera mkati mwa thumba losunga mazira ndi zipatso.

Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika akachoka kwawo. Zotsatira zomveka izi ndi kugwera kwa zipatso, chifukwa chake, pupae wa ntchentche amagwera m'nthaka, pomwe amakhalira nyengo yachisanu.

Popewa kuwononga currant chaka chamawa ndi tizilombo tambiri, ndikofunikira m'dzinja kapena koyambirira kwamasika kukumba mitengo yozungulira. Kuphatikiza apo, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi yankho la chlorophos la 0.2% ndikothandiza.

Chotchinga cha Willow. Tizilombo timeneti timagwiritsa ntchito nthambi kuyika mazira a utoto wofiirira, womwe umaphimbidwa ndi zishango za nyama zakufa. Kale pa maluwa a currants, mphutsi kuwaswa mazira.

Akamakula, amapanga chishango, pakapita nthawi, amavulaza mbewuyo, pogwiritsa ntchito msuzi wa mphukira zazing'ono ngati chakudya. Izi zimapangitsa zitsamba za currant kukhala zochepa, zomwe nthawi zina zimatha kufa kwawo kwathunthu.

Mutha kuteteza currant kuti isawonongedwe ndi mphutsi mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa isanafike masamba atatu nitrafen phala yankho. Njira yothandiza ndikuchotsa mazira pamwamba pa nthambi ndi burashi. M'malo momwe tizirombo tambiri timapezeka kunthambi, zimakhala zomveka kudula ndi kuwotcha.

Blackcurrant. Maonekedwe a tizilombo amatitsogolera kuti ziume kunja kwa mphukira kuchokera pamwamba. Izi ndichifukwa choti amasankhidwa ndi mphutsi za kachilomboka ngati malo osungira nthawi yachisanu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kale kumayambiriro kwa kasupe kudulira nthambi pomwe pali kafadala.

Kupanda kutero, mphutsi zimadya chimake, kenako zimatsika, kenako kuthawa kumwalira. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kwa tizilombo, mphukira zazing'ono ndizokonda kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu kuti athane ndi izi posachedwa, popeza tsogolo la chitsamba chonse limadalira.

Njira Zowongolera Matenda

Monga chomera chilichonse chomwe chimalimidwa mdziko muno, olimira amafunika kutetezedwa ku tizirombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, ngati simukufuna kusiyidwa wopanda mbewu, ndikofunikira kuyamba kukonza ma currant tchire kumayambiriro kwamasika.

Muyenera kudziwa kuti chomera ichi chimatha kukhudzidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo, ndipo munthawi iliyonse, njira zolimbana nazo zimasiyana. Chifukwa chake, kuti njira zomwe zimatengedwe zibweretse zomwe mukufuna, sikofunikira kungodziwa kuti omwe akuwopseza ma curators angachokere, komanso momwe angapewere mawonekedwe awo.

Matenda omwe amayambitsidwa ndi ntchito amathanso kuvulaza tchire lopindika. fungus kapena kachilombo kena. Nthawi zambiri, baka la currant amadwala matenda otsatirawa:

• ufa wowonda;
• anthracnose.

Powdery mildew

Posachedwa, okhala pachilimwe apeza zizindikiro za matendawa pamitengo yambiri yazipatso ndi zitsamba. Chithandizo chake chikuyenera kukhala chanthawi, mwinanso munganenere kuti zabwinozomera.

Kuteteza chitsamba cha currant ku powdery mildew, ndikofunikira m'masabata oyambilira a masika utsi ndi solution ya nitrafen. Chomera chikazirala ndipo zipatso zikayamba kukhwima, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi 20% yankho la benlat kapena karatana.

Ngati kuwonongeka kwa tchire kuli kwakukulu kwambiri, ndiye kuti mankhwalawo angafunikire masiku 7 mutayamba kupopera mbewu mankhwalawo.

Anthracnose, kapena kuuluka ntchentche. Zovuta zomwe zimachitika ndi bowa uyu zimachitika chifukwa chakuti masamba a currant ndi omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti chiwopsezo chogonjetsera ma currants matendawa pakati pa chilimwe ndizambiri, njira ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti zithetsere kale kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe.

Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuthira mbewu nokha komanso bwalo loyandikana ndi dothi ndi yankho la nitrafen (60%). Ngakhale maluwa asanakhalepo, ma currants amakonzedwa colloidal sulufu yankho, ndipo patatha milungu ingapo opareshoni imachitidwanso.