Kufotokozera kwatsatanetsatane wa chipale chofewa cha ku Caucasian

Chipale cha Snowdrop Ploskolistny (Galantus Platphyllus) ndichikhalidwe chosatha, imodzi mwazitundu za chipale chofewa. Mitunduyi ndi ya banja la Amaryllis, osiyanasiyana adalembedwa mu Red Book (bwanji - lingalirani pansipa).

Amatchulidwanso osiyanasiyana (G. Latifolius). Ili ndi duwa lomwe ndilabwino kumera m'minda. Chimakula bwino kwambiri m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia komanso kumpoto.

Zambiri maluwa

Kufotokozera mwachidule za mbewu

Malinga ndi malongosoledwe ndege chipale chofewa chili ndi kutalika kosaposa 20 cm. Damu la babu silidutsa masentimita 3. Masamba othambalala amakhala ndi mawonekedwe. Mtundu wa masamba ndiwobiliwira popanda pepala loyera. Ali ndi mawonekedwe onyezimira osalala.

Panthawi ya maluwa, kutalika kwa masamba kumakhala pafupifupi 15 cm, ndipo kumapeto kwa maluwa amakula mpaka masentimita 25. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake masamba (lathyathyathya ndi lonse), mbewuyo idatchedwa dzina.

Peduncle amatalika mpaka 20 cm. Masamba a perianth amasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wosalala, woyera. Masamba amkati ndi apamwamba kufika 7mm, ndipo akunja amafikira masentimita 2. Duwa lokha limakhala ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 4 cm.

Zomera zimayamba kuphuka mu Epulo, ndipo nthawi yochepa maluwa imangokhala mwezi.

Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake masamba (lathyathyathya komanso lonse), mbewuyo idatchedwa dzina

Kumera

Chipale chofewa kufalikira ku Georgia, komanso ku North Ossetia. Komwe imakulira: nyamazo zimakonda kumera m'matanthwe a mapiri, komanso m'mphepete mwa mapiri a mapiri.

Amawoneka liti ndipo amatuluka liti?

Mutha kuwona chipale chofewa chipale choyamba chikugwa ndikuwoneka mawonekedwe. Maluwa amayamba pakati pa kasupe, kuzungulira Epulo. Maluwa amakhala pamitengo kwa mwezi umodzi.

Chikhalidwe chakubzala pakhomo chimayamba pachaka mchaka cha 3 mutabzala kapena kufesa mbewu. Mu malo amodzi, mbewuyo imatha kumera kwa zaka 5 kapena kupitirira.

Maluwa amayamba mu Epulo, amatenga mwezi

Kodi ndi liti ndipo chifukwa chiyani zolengedwa zalembedwa mu Buku Lofiyira?

Zifukwa zolemba maluwa mu Buku Lofiyira:

• dera laling'ono la kukula;
• m'malo osowa mwachilengedwe;
• kusonkhanitsa kwa maluwa;
• kukumba mababu chifukwa cha zamankhwala;
• gwiritsani ntchito ngati chomera chokongoletsera.

Chikhalidwe chidalembedwa mu Red Book la RSFSR mu 1988. Komanso, zamtunduwu zidalembedwa mu Red Book of North Ossetia.

Mphamvu zochiritsa za chipale chofewa

Chipale chofewa ndi chikhalidwe chakupha. Muli zinthu zapoizoni monga ma alkaloids. Chofunika kwambiri alkaloid wotchedwa galantamine.

Izi zimagwira mwachangu kulowa m'magazi, ndikukhala ndi mphamvu m'thupi lamanjenje. Pachifukwa ichi, mbewuyi imaphatikizidwa m'mankhwala ambiri, imagwiritsidwanso ntchito mwachangu pazamankhwala azikhalidwe.

Chipale chofewa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda otsatirawa:

• matenda amkati ndi poliomyelitis;
• sciatica, polyneuritis;
• myopathy
• myasthenia gravis;
• kuvulala kwa mitsempha mathero;
• bowa;
• matenda a pakhungu ndi zithupsa;
• zotupa za khansa.

Chidziwitso Chofunikira: musanagwiritse ntchito chomera, funsani katswiri kupewa zotsatira zosasangalatsa - poyizoni ndikuwotcha.

Chomera cha poizoni chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ambiri.

Popeza chikhalidwechi ndi cha poizoni, si aliyense amene angagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito chipale chofewa:

• amayi apakati ndi oyamwitsa;
• anthu ochepera zaka 16;
• akudwala khunyu;
• odwala mphumu;
• ndi matenda a mtima dongosolo;
• odwala oopsa.

Zizindikiro za bongo:

• kusanza, kusanza
• Chizungulire
• kugunda kwa mtima kosowa;
• malovu owonjezereka.

Mankhwala wowerengeka, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu ngati mafuta onunkhira, tinctures, decoctions. Mankhwala magawo onse azomera amagwiritsidwa ntchito - mababu, masamba, zimayambira ndi maluwa.

Malamulo akumalo

Podzala chipale chofewa Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musankhe madera otseguka dzuwa, kapena pang'ono pang'ono. Ngati mudzala chomera mu mthunzi, matalala ake sadzasungunuka mwachangu monga dzuwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maluwa azachedwa komanso osakongoletsa kwambiri.

Nthaka yodzalirira imafunikira yotakasuka, yolemeretsedwa ndi michere, komanso kupezeka kwamadzi abwino. Chipale chofewa sichimalola chinyezi m'nthaka. Zomwe zili m'nthaka ziyenera kuphatikiza humus kapena kompositi.

Kutsirira ndikofunikira pokhapokha kumera kwa njere kapena mababu, mtsogolomo, muyenera kuthilira chikhalidwe mwanzeru, pokhapokha pakufunika.

Feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pakukula kwamphamvu. Chipale chofewa chimafunikira zinthu monga phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.

Kuthira feteleza wokwanira ndi nayitrogeni sikofunikira, izi zitha kuyambitsa chitukuko.

Maluwa safuna pogona nyengo yachisanu, monga mitundu ina ya mbewu.

Podzala, malo otseguka dzuwa amafunikira, humus kapena kompositi iyenera kukhala gawo la dothi

Kuswana

Kufalikira kwa matalala a chipale chofewa ndizotheka m'njira ziwiri:

1. Mbewu.
2. Mababu.

Kufesa mbewu ndikofunikira posachedwachifukwa amataya msanga. Muyenera kuzamitsa mbeu pafupifupi 1 cm mu dothi lopepuka, lopatsa thanzi.

Kudzilimbitsa nokha kumabweretsa zotsatira zabwinomwachangu sonkhanitsani mbewu ndiosankha. Maluwa adzayamba mchaka chachitatu mutabzala mbewu.

Kugawikana kwa babu ndi kubzala kwinaku kumachitika kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena koyambilira kwa nyundo. Pakadali pano, chikhalidwechi chimapuma.

Mababu akulimbikitsidwa kuti abzalidwe m'nthaka nthawi yomweyo.popeza mababu owuma kwambiri sangathe kumera. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kukulitsa babu ndi pafupifupi 7 cm.

Mababu ndi mbewu zokha zogulidwa m'sitolo zomwe zimafunikira kuti zibzalidwe.kukumba mababu mwachilengedwe, komanso kutolera mbewu, ndizoletsedwa, chifukwa duwa limalembedwa mu Buku Lofiyira.

Kuchulukitsa ndikotheka ndi mababu ndi mbewu zomwe zimagulidwa m'sitolo.

Mitundu ina ndi kusiyana kwawo

Mitundu yambiri yamtunduwu imadziwika, yambiri imalimidwa ndikukula m'minda yaminda ngati yokongoletsera.

Caucasus

Caucasian ndiye mitundu yamitundu yambiri. Amamera ku Caucasus. Masamba kumapeto kwa maluwa amafika kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 30. Amakhala ndi mtundu wakuda wobiriwira komanso wonyezimira. Amadziwikanso kuti Alpine..

Danga loyera ndi kachidutswa kobiriwira limakhala pafupifupi masentimita 3. Mtambo wa chisanu umayamba kuphuka mu Epulo. Nthawi yamaluwa imakhala pafupifupi masabata awiri.

Amasiyana ndi mtundu wamasamba amiyala yosalala, komanso nthawi yamaluwa, yoyambira yopendekeka ndi yayitali. Amatchulidwa mchilatini kuti Galantus Alpinus.

Galanthus caucasicus (Baker) Grossh

Broadleaf

Broadleaf ndi dzina lachiwiri la mitundu yosanjidwa. Amasiyana ndi mitundu ina pamiyala yosalala komanso yosalala yopanda tinthu tofiirira.

Galanthus platyphyllus

White White (Woyera)

Choyera ngati chipale chofewa ndi mtundu wofala pakati pa maluwawa nyengo yotentha. Zosiyanasiyana zimayamba kuphuka mu Marichi, zomwe zimasiyana ndi zina zambiri, kuphatikiza mitundu yamitundu yosalala.

Kutalika kwa chikhalidwe sikuposa masentimita 15. Masamba ndi obiriwira amdima komanso amtambo wabluu. Maluwa ndi ofunda kwambiri, oyera, ali ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 3 3. Mu Latin, dzina la chipale chofewa limamveka ngati Galantus Nivalis.

Galantus mpikisano

Chifukwa chake, chipale chofewa kapena chipale chofewa ndi chikhalidwe chodziwika bwino m'chilengedwe komanso kusamalira maluwa. Zalembedwa mu Red Book.

Chomera chonyalanyachi chimamera mosavuta m'mundamo, yofalitsidwa ndi njere ndi mababu. Amasiyana ndi mitundu ina yokhala ndi masamba otambalala komanso osalala.