Kukula achinyamata poyera chithunziSempervivum (lat. Sempervívum) ndi mbewu yamuyaya ya banja la Crassulaceae. Dzinali limapangidwa ndi mawu awiri achi Latin, omwe amatanthauzira kuti "wamoyo mpaka kalekale" chifukwa chokhoza kukhalabe ndi moyo wopambana kwambiri. Anthu amachitcha kuti chakhumi, chamiyala yamiyala, kabichi kabulu. Dzinalo "mayi nkhuku ndi nkhuku" lidachokera ku England, chifukwa nthawi yamalutso achinyamata ndi chithunzi.
Zomera zabwino. Phesi limabisidwa m'nthaka, pamwamba pake pamakhala masamba ambiri omwe ali ndi mulifupi wa masentimita 1 mpaka 15. Mapulogalamu a masamba opanda masamba komanso nsonga zolunjika, ovate mumawonekedwe.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imayimira mitundu yosiyanasiyana: yobiriwira, chikasu, siliva, pinki, burgundy, violet (pafupifupi wakuda).
Sempervivum imalimidwa m'minda ndi pazenera. Chomera chimakhala chosasamala posamalira. Ndi khama lokwanira, mutha kukongoletsa bwino malo aliwonse. Bokosi la Bunny limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chivundikiro, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimadzalidwa pamapiri a Alpine, m'misewu yamasamba, mutha kukongoletsa buti yodabwitsayo kapena kuyiyika mu chotengera kapena chidebe chokongola.
Malo okhala zachilengedwe ndi mayiko a ku Europe, Asia Minor ndi Southeast Asia, ndi Caucasus.
Ngati maluwa amatuwa
Maluwa amachitika kamodzi m'moyo wonse: pazaka 2-3, patadutsa zipatso zimawoneka nthawi yotentha, kumapeto kwa maluwa, kumtunda kwa mbewu kumamwalira. Iyenera kuchotsedwa m'nthaka mosamala.
Chipinda choyambira chimakhala cham'madzi, chimamaliza ndi maluwa yaying'ono ngati nyenyezi, oyera, achikaso, achikasu, oyera, ofiira, ofiirira, ndi ofiirira.
Kukula achinyamata kuchokera ku mbewu
Chithunzi chamwana wachinyamata
Ana a nthangala zotseguka kuchokera pambewu amakula mbande. Kufesa kumayenera kuyamba mu February.
- Tengani makapu apulasitiki, pangani mabowo okumbamo, mudzaze ndi dothi lamtsogolo ngati mtsogolomo mungathe kutsegulira pamalo otseguka kapena chisakanizo cha cacti kuti mudzalime motsatira chipinda.
- Fesani mbewu pokhapokha podzikakamiza pang'ono mu nthaka, utsi, chivundikirani ndi filimu.
- Patsani nyali zowala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya mu mulingo wa 18-20 ° C.
Sempervivum ku mbewu chithunzi
- Nthambi zoyamba ziziwoneka pafupifupi masiku 5. Chisamaliro china chimakhala ndi kuthirira kochepa (pafupifupi nthawi 1 m'masabata atatu), pewani kuthilira madzi mu nkhwangwa zamasamba. Osachotsa filimuyi pafupifupi milungu iwiri.
- Zomera zodzala bwino ziyenera kubzalidwa mosamala m'mbale zodyeramo, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mizu pamodzi ndi nthaka kuti dothi lisaumbike. Gwiritsani ntchito pulagi kapena chida china chothandizira. Pambuyo poika, osamwetsa madzi, lolani mizu ichiritse mkati mwa masiku awiri.
Sempervivum ku mbewu mbande mbewu
Kuyika kukhala malo otseguka kumachitika ndi njira yopatsirana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa kutentha kwenikweni pamene kulibe zowonjezera usiku.
Momwe abwana ang'ono
Kukula kwachichepere kumafalitsidwa mosavuta.
Chomera cha mayi chimapanga ndulu zochulukirapo, kumapeto kwake kumapangidwa masamba opangidwa ndi masamba. Kubalana kumachitika kumapeto kwa Meyi.
Ngati danga lozungulira chomera likuloleza, mutha kumasula dothi, kufinya "mwana", ndikudziwaza pansi, madzi. Pakangopita nthawi yochepa mizu imayamba, ndikupanga khola lamoto lopitilira. Mutha kutsanulira kapangidwe kake ndi miyala - kapangidwe kosangalatsa kanyumba yachilimwe.
Njira ina: kupatula mphukira (socket ndi masharubu) kuchokera kwa mayi chomera ndikudzala payokha (ikani dzenje, ndikukulitsa masharubu m'nthaka).
Mitundu ina, njirazo zimamera m'makomedwe am masamba. Pakapita kanthawi, amayamba kuwola - kutola ndi kudzala pabedi kuti akule. Sankhani dothi lakuya pafupifupi masentimita 5, madzi. Ndikwabwino kubzala pang'ono kuti mukule zipatso zapamwamba.
Malo oyenera okulira achinyamata
Chofunikira kwambiri pakukula bwino ndi malo otseguka ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa - tchire lidzakhala lophatikizana, kusunga mitundu yawo yokongola. Madambo onyowa ndi otsutsana, masamba akugwa kuchokera ku tchire ndi mitengo amatha kuvulaza mbewu.
Nthaka imafunikira kupepuka, kotayirira, ndi ngalande yabwino, mayendedwe ake satenga mbali kapena pang'ono zamchere. Ndikokwanira kuthira dothi labwino pamunda ndi mchenga. Ndi michere yambiri ya dothi, masamba ake ndi okulirapo, koma mtundu wake suwunda.
Kubzala ndi kukonza m'munda
Pomwe mukabzala ana m'munda
Kubzala pabwalo pang'onopang'ono kumatha kuchitika kuyambira kasupe mpaka pakati pa Seputembala (kuti mbewu zikule bwino nthawi yozizira).
Mtunda pakati pa tchire umatsimikizika kutengera kukula kwa chimera (chaching'ono kapena "chimphona") ndi makulidwe ophatikizika. Mtunda wokwanira ndi masentimita 5 mpaka 10. Mutha kuwubzala mtunda wautali kuchokera wina ndi mnzake, kenako ndikuthira mchenga woonda pakati pa mbewuzo, kuyala miyala mwadongosolo.
Palibe chochita kusamalira chomera.
Pakukhazikika kwawoko kabichi ya kalulu, mpweya wachilengedwe ndi wokwanira, madzi pokhapokha patha nthawi yayitali chilala. Mumasule dothi nthawi zina.
Mpaka nthawi ya kukula, udzu udzu uzofunikira - mtsogolo, chomera chidzawachotsa.
Sichifunika kavalidwe kafupipafupi, koma ngati masamba oyendetsedwa atapindika, feteleza wama mineral azitha kuthira mafuta.
Ndi nthawi yayitali bwanji yozizira poyera
Zomera zazikulu nthawi yozizira bwino popanda pogona pachipale chofewa. Zomera zazing'ono, komanso, ngati chisanu chisanu chikuyembekezeredwa, ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi nthambi za spruce.
Thirani
Pambuyo pazaka 3-5, ndikukula m'minda kumadzala, masamba obiriwira amakhala ochepa - ayenera kubzala. Njira yambewu imavomerezedwa bwino, koma izi ziyenera kuchitika tisanathe pakati pa Seputembala.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Ngati mvula igwa kwanthawi yayitali, ma sokosi amatha kuvunda. Poyamba zimakhala zowonekera, kenako zimasanduka zofiirira ndikusandulika "zonunkhira". Ingowachotsani pamalowo. Ndibwino kuti njirayi imagwira ntchito kuzomera zapafupi.
Zovuta zazikulu pamtengowu zimayambitsidwa ndi mphutsi za Meyi kachilomboka - zimadya mizu ndi maziko a tsinde. Ngati tsambalo likugundana ndi tizilombo, ndibwino kusamutsa ana kumalo ena. Mphutsi zimachotsedwa pamanja, misampha imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kukumba kokwanira nyundo, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni ku chiwembu kumathandiza, mu April mbewu ya ufa kuchokera ku mazira, chomera chamtundu kapena lupins.
Mwina kugonjetsedwa kwa nsabwe za m'masamba, tizilombo - kuchitira mankhwala ndi tizilombo.
Zikhulupiriro ndi nthano
Malinga ndi nthano zakale zaku Europe, achinyamata adadzipereka Torah, mulungu waku Scandinavia wa mphezi ndi bingu. Malinga ndi dongosolo la a King Charles the Great, ma compact anakhazikitsidwa padenga la nyumba kuti ateteze ku mphezi.
Kumwedwa kwa masamba ang'ono ndivinyo kunali ngati mankhwala. Amakhulupiriranso kuti kunyamula mwala wamwala womwe umawuka ndiuteteza ku kuluma kwa chinkhanira. Chowongolera chophatikizika malinga ndi njira yapadera chawongolera maonedwe ndi kumva kwa munthu. Chomera chidatamandidwanso ndi olemba ndakatulo: mu ntchito "Zazitsamba za Zitsamba" ana adalandira chidwi pamizere 36 (mizere 6 kuposa rosi).
Ku Russia, kukongoletsa masamba azitsamba kuti lipange kuwala.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya ana a malo otseguka
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamtundu ndi yotakata - pafupifupi 60 toyesa, obereketsa omwe adawonjezedwa pamndandanda wa mitundu yopitilira 4,000.
Ganizirani otchuka kwambiri.
Sempervivum tectorum yofolerera achinyamata
Sempervivum tectorum yofolerera achinyamata
Mawonekedwe a socket ndi ozungulira, osanjikizika pang'ono, awiriwo ndi masentimita 4 mpaka 15. Masamba ndiwobiriwira, maupangiri ali ndi burgundy hue, pali mitundu yamitundu ya burofi-buroni ndi utoto wofiirira. Peduncle pubescent, wokutidwa ndi masamba, amatalika kutalika kwa 60 cm. Maluwa ofunda. Nthawi yamaluwa imachitika m'miyezi yotentha ndipo imatenga masiku pafupifupi 45.
Ana aang'ono Sempervivum soboliferum
Ana aang'ono a Sempervivum soboliferum chithunzi
Danga la malo ozungulira ndi pafupifupi masentimita 5. Masamba a masamba owala obiriwira okhala ndi nsonga zokutira. Maluwa ndi obiriwira kapena achikaso achikaso.
Limestone Sempervivum Calcareum
Chithunzi chaching'ono cha Limestone Sempervivum Calcareum
Masamba a masamba ndi obiriwira-abuluu pamtundu, maupangiri adakongoletsedwa ndi mawanga amtundu wofiirira, m'mimba mwake kutuluka kuli pafupifupi masentimita 7.5 Kutalika kwa peduncle mpaka 30 cm, maluwa ndi otuwa apinki.
Young cobweb Sempervivum arachnoideum
Achinyamata a cobwebby Sempervivum arachnoideum chithunzi
Rosette wamasamba ndiwopindika, pang'ono pansi, ndi mulifupi mwake pafupifupi masentimita 4. Mapulogalamu amiyala ndi nsonga zokhotakhota. Mtunduwu ndi wobiriwira wopepuka komanso wonyezimira ngati bulauzi, womwe umakulirakulira m'dzinja. Chifukwa cha pubescence, chomera chimawoneka kuti chatchingidwa ndi intaneti. Maluwa ofiira ofiira amawonekera theka lachiwiri la Julayi.
Sempervivum lalikulu-loyera Sempervivum grandiflorum
Chithunzi cha Sempervivum chachikulu chotuwa cha Sempervivum grandiflorum
Ma Rosette ndi otayirira, okhala ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 2,5 cm, masamba a meaty. Pa nsonga za maulendo apaulendo pafupifupi 20 cm, maluwa achikasu amatulutsa. Makamaka wamkulu mu dothi acidic.
Wachinyamata Pitton Sempervivum Pittonii
Chithunzi cha Pitton Sempervivum Pittonii
Masamba ochepa kwambiri amapanga rosette yotalika mpaka masentimita 5. Masamba opanda masamba ndi ma pubescent, obiriwira amtundu, okhala ndi malangizo a burgundy. Kutalika kwa phesi la maluwa ndi 12 cm, maluwa ndi achikasu achikaso.
Achinyamata a Russian Sempervivum ruthenicum
Chithunzi chaching'ono cha Russian Sempervivum ruthenicum
Chiphalaphala cha masamba ndi masentimita 20 mpaka 35. Masamba amtunduwu ndi osalala, opindika. Peduncle amafika kutalika kwa 35 cm, pubescent, yokutidwa kumbali zonse ndi masamba oblong. Makina otakasuka a corymbose inflorescence amakhala ndi maluwa achikasu ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 10 cm.
Sempervivum globiferum achinyamata
Chithunzi chojambulidwa chaching'ono cha Sempervivum globiferum
Kutalika kwa tsamba loyambira ndi masentimita 3-5, masamba ndi ang'ono, obiriwira. Palesi limafalikira masentimita 15, limatha ndi maambulera inflorescence, maluwa amakhala obiriwira achikasu.
Sempervivum marmoreum marble achinyamata
Sempervivum marmoreum marbleum chithunzi chachinyamata
Magawo okhala ndi ma kompositi okhala ndi mulifupi mwake mpaka 10cm.Amakhala ndi tingelo lofiirira lamapulasitiki, m'mphepete ndi pamwamba pake pamakhala mtundu. Maluwa ofiira okhala ndi malire oyera.
Mphukira zazing'ono zowonda kapena zazing'ono za Sempervivum pumilum
Kukula kwakanthawi kachithunzi kakang'ono kapena kakang'ono ka Sempervivum pumilum
Malo ogulitsira ndi ochepa kwambiri: mpaka 2,5 cm. Mtunduwo ndiwobiliwira, nsonga zamasamba zimalozedwa, ngati kuti zimakutidwa ndi cilia. Limamasaka kumapeto kwa June. Mitambo yofiirira ndi yofiirira imakongoletsedwa ndi chingwe chakuda chomwe chikuyenda pakati.
Achinyamata a Caucasian Sempervivum caucasicum
Chithunzi cha Caucasian Sempervivum caucasicum chithunzi
Ndi tsamba la rosette la masamba pafupifupi 4 cm, kutalika kwa phesi kumafika masentimita 20. Mtundu wa corollas ndi lilac-wofiirira, violet. Mukabzala, onetsetsani kuti mukuwonjezera calcium ku dothi.
Juvenile Wolfen Sempervivum wulfenii
Chithunzi cha Achinyamata a Wolfen Sempervivum wulfenii
Ndikofunikira kukula mtundu uwu pamtundu wamchere. Masamba a masamba ndi gloss, obiriwira amtundu, m'mimba mwake kutuluka kwake ndi pafupifupi masentimita 5. Maluwa a maluwa amatuluka ndi 15-25 cm.Maluwa ndi akhungu ofanana ndi mandimu, pansi pali malo ofiirira.
Sempervivum mumapangidwe
Sempervivum pamitundu yopanga chithunzi
Pachikhalidwe chawo, ana amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kapeti wamoto wopitilira, wokhala ndi malire. Asymmetric, mawonekedwe otayirira adawonekera m'zaka za zana la khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu. Chisoni chimabzalidwa m'mapiri a Alpine, malo otsetsereka kumwera, mutha kubzala ngakhale gazebos padenga.
Omwe amayenera kubzala m'magulu ndi saxifrages, stonecrops. Osalumikizana ndi mbewu zobiriwira.
