Patisson ndi wotchuka makamaka ndi wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa. Chomera chamadzi chamtunduwu sichimafunikira kutsina ndipo sichipanga mawonekedwe. Zipatso zake zimakoma ndi mawonekedwe amankhwala ofanana ndi zukini, popeza mbewu zonse ziwiri ndi mtundu wa dzungu. Zowona, ngati tikufanizira zukini ndi sikwashi, ndiye kuti zinazo zimakhala ndi zipatso zochulukirapo ndi zinthu zina zopindulitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, iwo amakhala a thermophilic, ndipo zipatso zambiri zimacha. Kuti mupeze zokolola zapamwamba, muyenera kudziwa zinsinsi zina zokulira squash.
About squash
Ku Russia, squash yalimidwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800. Ma Connoisseurs amaganiza kuti sizabereka masamba abwino: ndi owotchera, mchere, ndi zamzitini. Kukoma kwa zipatso kumafanana kwambiri ndi bowa.
Madokotala amaganiza kuti squash ndi chakudya chamagulu. Muli: mavitamini, shuga, pectin. Mankhwala a alkaline ndi madzi omwe amapezeka mu zipatso zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ndi thupi ndikupanga zamchere m'magazi. Kugwiritsa ntchito squash nthawi zonse mu chakudya kumathandiza pa ntchito yamatumbo ndi impso. Awo achire zotsatira kwamikodzo dongosolo amadziwika.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya squash ili ndi mawonekedwe osiyana: mbale, disk, mbale, belu. Mithunzi yazithunzi imakhalanso yosiyana: yoyera (yachikhalidwe), yobiriwira, yachikaso, yamawangamawanga. Kubalana squash kumachitika ndi mbewu.
Momwe mungakulire squash munyumba yachilimwe
Squash ikhoza kumera poyera. Pankhaniyi, ikamatera ikuchitika kumapeto kwa Meyi - koyambirira kwa June. Ndipo mutha kubzala nthangala za squash mu greenhouse. Kufesa mbewu mu wowonjezera kutentha kuyenera kuchitika mu Epulo.
Maulalo akunyumba ndi amitundu iwiri:
- Matepi - 50x90x70 cm.
- Square-chisa - 70x70 cm kapena 60x60 cm.
Kukonzekeretsa mbewu za squash kuti mubzale
Mu mbewu za squash, nthawi yophukira imatenga zaka 9-10. Zowona, kumera kwabwino kwambiri kumawonedwa wazaka ziwiri ndi zitatu. Koma kumera bwino kwa mbeu za chaka chatha sikumalizidwa ngati atalandira chithandizo cha kutentha kwa maola 5-6 pamadigiri 50-60 kapena owuma padzuwa.
Kuchokera pa zokolola, zipatso zingapo zabwino zimasankhidwa. Mbewu zimatengedwa kwa iwo, zomwe zimayenera kuti ziume mu chipinda chotentha, cholowa.
Kupha matenda, kukonza bwino mbande, mbewu zimanyowa mosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, mu kusungunuka kwa boric acid (20 mg pa lita imodzi yamadzi). Kupitilira apo, kumatsuka ndi kuyanika. Mwanjira yosavuta iyi, zokolola zimakwera mpaka 20%.
Kukonzekera usanadzalemo mu njira ya potaziyamu permanganate: kumawonjezera kumera, imathandizira kukula kwazomera ndikukula. Potere, mbewu zimasungidwa mu njira kwa mphindi 20, kutsukidwa ndikuwuma.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kuti mbande zachangu ndi zokolola zambiri zikuumire. Kuti tichite izi, njere zimayikidwa m'thumba loonda, lomwe limayikidwa mufiriji. Maola 6 oyambilira mbande amatentha ndi madigiri 18 mpaka 20. Masiku 5-6 otsatira, kubzala zinthu kumakhala pa kutentha kwa madigiri 0 mpaka 2.
Kubzala mbewu mu wowonjezera kutentha
Njira yakufikira pamtunda imasankhidwa kumpoto komanso kugulitsa msika koyambirira. Tsiku loyandikira kwambiri ndi Epulo.
Mbande zimakula m'matumba a peat kapena pulasitiki. Kuti muchepetse kumera, amadzaza dothi lamaluwa kapena osakaniza lapansi ndi zina zowonjezera. Feteleza umathiridwa madzi ndi madzi.
Zoyenda zikuchitika motere: choyamba, makapu oyika ndi mainchesi 10cmusiwa ndi 4 cm ndikuwazidwa ndi lapansi. Kupitilira apo, kutentha kwinakwake kumasungidwa, komwe kumapangitsa kuti zikumere zikhale zamphamvu ndikukula mwachangu. Kutentha kokwanira musanatuluke: masana 23-25, ndipo usiku +18 madigiri.
Utangotulutsa koyamba, kutentha kumayenera kutsitsidwa: madigiri 18 masana ndi madigiri 16 usiku. Chifukwa cha kutentha kotsika, ziphukira zimalimba mwachangu ndikukula. Pakadutsa pafupifupi sabata, matenthedwe amafunikiranso kukwezedwa mpaka madigiri 22-25.
Mbeu zobzala kale ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu zibzalidwe pamabedi. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuthira zitsime ndi madzi ofunda musanabzale. Kuwala kumapangidwa ndi mtanda wokumbika bwino.
Zofunika! Mphukira zoyambirira zimafunikira kuthiriridwa ndi madzi ochepa komanso osati pafupipafupi. Ndikofunikira kuchita pafupipafupi mpweya wabwino.
Kufesa poyera
Njira yodzalirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito polima squash pazosowa zanu. Tsiku loyandikira kwambiri ndi Meyi - koyambirira kwa Juni. Tsambalo limasankhidwa pamtambo wokhala wopanda dzuwa komanso wopanda mphepo. Nthaka imakonzedwa mu kugwa, kuti isakwilidwe komanso chonde. Choyamba, amakuumba, kenako ndikuphatira manyowa. Kuti moisturize, mukakumba, pansi panthaka sipasuka, ndiye kuti nthawi yozizira imadzaza ndi chinyezi. Chapakatikati, zovala zimasweka ndi chinyezi zimalowa m'nthaka. Nthaka yopanda chonde mukugwa, ukala sabata imodzi mutabzala. Zoyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi dothi acidic.
Masamba oyambilira akukonzekera kuteteza chisanu. Monga chitetezo, kompositi kapena manyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amawaika m'miyala kuti abzalidwe ndikuwaza ndi dothi. Nthawi yomweyo, kuthira feteleza wamafuta kumachitika.
Landings amapangidwa m'nthaka kutentha mpaka madigiri 28-30. Kotero kuti chinyezi kuchokera kumunsi kwa nthaka ndikupita ku mbewu, zimapangidwa ndikamabzala. Mbewu zing'onozing'ono zimapangidwa kuti zibzale. Kuzama kwake kumatengera dothi. Dothi likakhala lotayirira, kuya kwakuya kwa dzenje ndi 6 masentimita, kuti dothi loyumbika komanso lolemera - 4 cm.
Zofunika!
- Mbewu zobzalidwa m'nthaka yosavunda.
- Zomera zimamera mwachangu ngati mbewuzo zamera pasadakhale.
- Wokhala pamwamba pa peat, imathandizira kumera kwa mbande.
Momwe mungasamalire squash m'derali
Kutsatira malamulo wamba osamalira squash ndikutsimikizira kuti mukolola bwino.
Kutsirira kumachitika kuti masamba akhale ouma. Ndikofunikira kuthira pansi pa muzu. Madzi sayenera kuzizira kwambiri. Landings amafunika chinyezi chambiri pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chitukuko. Mgawo yamaluwa imasiyanitsidwa makamaka.
Madzi oyenerera pa mita imodzi ya kubzala ndi:
- Pamaso maluwa - nthawi 1 - 5 mpaka masiku 5 mpaka 8 malita.
- Pamene maluwa ndi zipatso kucha - 1 nthawi iliyonse masiku 3-4, 8-10 malita.
Kuvala kwapamwamba kumaganiziridwa kuti ndi njira yovalira katatu katatu. Nthawi zambiri, kamodzi pa usiku wa maluwa, ndipo kawiri pamagawo a mapangidwe ndi kucha. Feteleza wachilengedwe wopangidwa kuchokera ku mullein wothira ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuvala pamwamba.
Kulima udzu m'nthaka mwa njira yodulira kumathandizira zipatso. Pamodzi ndi udzu, dothi silimasuka, ndipo hilling sachitika. Mizu yoonekera pambuyo kuthirira idakutidwa ndi peat kapena nthaka yachonde.
Wodulira kuchokera kumadera odzala ndi masamba osafunikira ayenera kuchotsedwa. Zomera zochulukirapo zimachepetsa zipatso. Kuchotsa kumalimbikitsidwa kubwerezedwa nthawi ndi nthawi kwa masiku anayi.
Zofunika! Kututa sabata iliyonse. Kukula squash kusunga maluwa ndikuchepetsa mapangidwe zipatso.
Kupukutira kwanyumba kwa squash kumachitika mwanjira ya mtanda. Mungu umanyamula ndi tizilombo. Kwa zipatso zomwe zili m'malo otetezeka, kupukutira koyipa ndikofunikira. Pakubzala dothi, kupukutira koteroko ndikofunikira nyengo zanyengo ikasokoneza mungu wachilengedwe. Kupukutira mosaloledwa ndikosavuta: duwa lamphongo limasweka, ndipo mungu wake umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maluwa.
Zofunika! Popewa kupukutidwa ndi mbewu zokhudzana, sibwino kubzala pafupi ndi maungu, nkhaka ndi zukini.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Chilombo chachikulu cha squash ndi aphid. Zochita zake ndi zosavomerezeka.
Pothana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba zotere:
- Kuwonongeka kwa namsongole pokumbira dothi mozama.
- Chithandizo cha masamba ndi njira zingapo za zitsamba.
- Chithandizo cha masamba ndi phulusa ndi sopo.
- Masamba othamanga amasungunuka ndi mtsinje wamadzi pomwe sipakuwonongeka koopsa.
Tizilombo tina timakhala tofanana ndi zukini, mwachitsanzo, mbewa. Idagundika pansi pa pepalalo, nauma. Kuwopsa kwa zipatso zakukhudza pansi ndikubisalira. Kuteteza, kutchinjiriza kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi galasi kapena zolembera. Mutha kuwononga tizirombo ndi mankhwala, kapena kutsuka mphutsi ndi madzi, kenako kumasula dothi.
Kututa squash
Squash imadulidwa pomwe chipatso sichinakhwime bwino, ndipo njere sizinapangidwe. Zipatso zosapsa zimakhala ndi peel yovuta, motero zimatsukidwa musanadye. Zipatso zotere zimasiyidwa bwino pambewu.
Zipatso za squash sizapangira kuti zizikhala kosungika kwa nthawi yayitali, koma mutha kusunga, zinthu, ndikupanga caviar.
Kuwona malamulo onse, kukula squash pamphamvu za osadziwa bwino kwambiri wamaluwa. Mphotho yaogwirira ntchito idzakhala zipatso zosangalatsa za squash.
