Celosia ndi woimira banja la Amaranth, ngakhale kuti posachedwa duwa limadziwika kuti ndi la banja la Marev. Omasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chigriki, celosia (kelos) amatanthauza "kuwotcha, kuwotcha," omwe amadziwika bwino mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa inflorescence ofanana ndi malawi.
Celosia wamtchire umapezeka kumadera otentha a North and South America, Asia ndi Africa. Pazipatso, pali mitundu 60 ya mbewu, koma monga mbewu yokhazikika nthawi zambiri imamera msanga, cirrus ndi cledosia.
Zomera sizilola kuti kuzikhala kotentha, choncho kuzizira kumapangitsa kuti maluwa akhale kukula ngati pachakangakhale pali mitundu yosatha komanso zitsamba.
Zoyipa za celosia ndi nthambi, zowongoka, masamba osaloledwa, mzere-lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, ovate. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono amasonkhanitsidwa mu panicle, chisa kapena mawonekedwe owoneka ofunikira a mithunzi yosiyanasiyana - golide, lalanje, ofiira, ofiira, apinki ndi achikasu. Chipatsocho ndi bokosi la polyspermous.
Celosia - Kubzala ndi Kusamalira
Ngati mukufuna kukongoletsa bedi lanu la maluwa ndi chomera chowoneka bwino kwambiri komanso chopatsa chidwi, chomwe chidzasandulika kukhala dimba la dimba lililonse la maluwa, celosia ndizomwe mukufuna.
Kukula celosia kuchokera ku mbewu
Celosia imafalitsa zonse ziwiri ndi njere ndi zodula, koma njira yoyamba ndiyabwino, chifukwa ikafalikira ndi njira yachiwiri, duwa nthawi zambiri limataya zokongoletsera zake, chifukwa chake, mbewu iyi imakula.
Mukadzala celosia pa mbande. Mbewu isanafesere, kuti ikonzeke koyambirira: kuti chipolopolo chambiri chikanyowe posachedwa, chizisungidwa mu zircon ndi epin (1 dontho / madzi) kwa maola atatu. Nthawi yoyenera ikamatera ndi March - koyambirira kwa Epulo.
Mbewu ziyenera zofesedwa patali pafupifupi 3 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Popeza njere ndizochepa kwambiri (mu 1 gr. - pafupifupi ma 800 ma PC.), Sayenera kubzalidwe pansi. Kudzala zinthu zobalalika panthaka yonyowa kumakutidwa ndi kanema ndikuwonekera pawindo pamtunda wa 23-25 C.
Kuti zoyesayesa zanu zisawonongeke, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo osamalira mbande, makamaka - kuwonetsetsa kuti akutetezedwa ndi dzuwa. Kwa izi, nyuzipepala wamba ndiyabwino.
Kanemayo amatha kuchotsedwa sabata pambuyo poti atuluke.
Kukula mbande za celosia. Popeza pakadali pano nthawi yamasana maola akadali ofupikira kwambiri, chifukwa mbande ndikofunikira kupanga zowunikira zowonjezera kwa maola 4-6. Kufesa njere kumafuna kutola mbande ziwiri:
- Pambuyo pakuwonekera masamba enieni a 2-3, mbande zimabzalidwa patali masentimita 5 kuchokera wina ndi mzake mpaka akuya mpaka 4-5 cm, nthaka ikupangika chimodzimodzi. Zomera zobwezeretsedwa zikazika malo atsopano, ziyenera kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza wophatikiza wam'madzi kuti maluwa azitha kutuluka, yankho lake liyenera kukhala lozama pang'ono. Ndikwabwino kuchita izi nthawi yomweyo ndikathirira.
- Mbewuzo zikakula, kukhathamanso kwachiwiri kumachitika mchidebe chokulirapo ndi peat-humus substrate. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito miphika payokha, izi zikuthandizira kupatsirana celosia popanda kuvulaza mizu. Chomera chikangomera mizu - mutha kubwereza kuvala kochokera pamwamba.
Kubzala celosia
Mukamasankha malo okhalamo, muyenera kukumbukira kuti celosia imakonda malo otetezedwa ndi mphepo komanso dzuwa ndi dothi louma pang'ono. Ngati dothi m'munda wanu ndi lolemera, muyenera kuwonjezera mchenga pang'ono kuti umasuke. Mosasamala kapangidwe ka dothi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwonjezere humus pang'ono musanadzalemo celosia.
Osamawonjezera zatsopano organic - celosia sichiloleza.
Kumbukirani! Kwa mbewu zazing'ono za celosia, ngakhale ozizira ang'onoang'ono amapha! Chifukwa chake, mbande zingabzalidwe m'nthaka mutatha kutentha koyamba (koyambirira kwa June).
Momwe mungabzalale celosia. Zomera zimabzalidwa mwanjira ya mbewu zonse za m'munda. Zomera zing'onozing'ono ndizopanda zovuta kwambiri, choncho zimafunika kuziika mosamala. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira yopatsirana kuti isawononge mizu. Ngati mwabzala mbande za celosia m'miphika wa peat-humus - dzalani mbewuyo pansi mwachindunji ndi iwo.
Ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mtunda pakati pa mbande za mitundu yayitali ndi 25-30 cm, wamtali - 15-20 cm.
Kukula ndi kusamalira chomera
Mutabzala poyera, duwa limafunikira chisamaliro - kuthilira ndi kuvala pamwamba. Popeza mbande za celosia sizilekerera kuyimitsa panthaka, ndikofunikira kuti dothi lisanyowe. Kutsirira ndikofunikira m'mawa zokha komanso nthawi zambiri. Koma (!) Musalole chinyezi chambiri, chifukwa izi zimatha kubweretsa mizu.
Pazovala zapamwamba, feteleza wama mineral amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakadutsa milungu itatu iliyonse (kwa malita 5 a madzi - magalamu 15 a feteleza). Musati muwonongeke ndi kuyambitsa kwa nayitrogeni, apo ayi mudzapeza masamba ochulukirapo, koma simudzawona maluwa.
Celosia ndizovuta kwambiri kulekerera kusowa chinyezi ndikuletsa mapangidwe a peduncle. Pa masiku otentha, mmera uyenera kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri.
Ndipo pamapeto, musaiwale Chotsani namsongole pa nthawi yake ndi kumasula nthaka. Ndizo nzeru zonse posamalira chidwi.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Mdani wamkulu wa celosia ali mwana ndi phazi lakuda. Matendawa amapezeka chifukwa chinyezi zochulukirapo. Ngati mukuwona kuti maziko a tsindewo asandulika akuda, muyenera kuyimitsa madziwo kwakanthawi, kumasula dothi ndikuwaza ndi dothi loonda.
Nthawi zina nsabwe za m'masamba zimakhudza celosia. Kuti muthane ndi izi, konzekerani yankho la mafuta a masamba (1 tbsp.), Sopo wamadzimadzi (2 tsp.) Ndi madzi (2 tbsp.) Ndikuthira mbewu. Kukonza ziyenera kuchitika m'mawa masiku angapo aliwonse. Matenda ena onse komanso tizirombo tina, khansa imayamba.
Mitundu ya celosia ndi zithunzi
Pamapangidwe a celosia Agawidwa m'magulu atatu: cirrus, chisa ndi spikelet. Koma mitundu iwiri yoyambayo ndiyotchuka kwambiri ndi wamaluwa.
Siliva
Ichi ndi chokongola chamuyaya, chomwe kutalika kwake chimafikira masentimita 65. Chimakula makamaka ngati chaka chilichonse.
Maluwa a chomera ndi ang'ono, owala kwambiri komanso owutsa mudyo, ophatikizidwa mumalovu akulu, m'mphepete mwake momwe mndandanda wamitundu yambiri umadutsa. Mawonekedwe a inflorescence amafanana ndi khola, chifukwa chake, chipeso cha celosia chimatchedwa tambala.
Maluwa a celosium chisa ndiwosadabwitsa osati mwanjira yawo yoyambirira monga mtundu wowala modabwitsa, mitundu yawo imatha kukhala yapinki, lalanje, yofiirira, yofiirira komanso yachikaso. Palibe duwa wamaluwa yemwe angadzitamandire "zovala" zachilendo komanso zowoneka motere, kotero mawonekedwe a bedi lamaluwa wokhala ndi zilembo zokhala ndi masamba opendekera ndi osiririka kwenikweni kwa odutsawo.
Malimi a celosia amayamikiridwa ndi wamaluwa osati mawonekedwe ake owoneka bwino, komanso chifukwa cha maluwa ataliatali, omwe amakhala kuyambira koyambirira kwa Julayi mpaka Okutobala. Chomera sichimataya zokongoletsera zake ngakhale chitazirala. Masamba ake, kutengera mitundu, amawala ndi utoto, burgundy, ofiira, mkuwa, wobiriwira wowala komanso utoto wagolide.
- "Chititsani chidwi". Kuphatikiza kwa celosium kumeneku kwatchuka kwambiri pakati pa akatswiri alimi pakati pa Russia. Chomera chili ndi masamba ofiirira amdima komanso inflorescence yowala.
- "Imperialis". Komanso mitundu yodziwika, yocheperako (25cm yokha) yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya celosia. Chomera chokhala ndi masamba owoneka ofiirira, ngati kuti agawika magawo ndi mitsempha yofiyira. Ma inflorescence opukutira amapezeka pa mphukira zokongola za burgundy.
- Atropurpuria. Zomera zazikulu kwambiri, zokhala ndi tsinde la pinki komanso inflorescence yofiirira. Masamba ndiwobiriwira pang'ono, okongola mwapadera.
Cirrus cirrus silvery
Uwu ndi mtundu wachiwiri wodziwika kwambiri wazaka zapamwamba, kutalika kwake imafika mita imodzi. Mtengowo umasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa obiriwira, omwe amakhala kwa miyezi yambiri, mpaka kuzizira, ndikofunikira kuti nthawi yonseyi zokongoletsa za siliva za feza za siliva sizimatayika. Magulu azomera zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya celosius pinnate amapanga tchire lambiri lokhala ndi zowopsa zambiri, pafupifupi 1/3 za kutalika kwa mbewu.
Mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yocheperako ndiyomwe imayima - yopanda 30 masentimita, apakatikati - mpaka 50 cm, ndipo yayitali - mpaka 100 cm.
- Golden Flitz. Mtundu wina wotchuka wa celosia ndi cirrus, 80 cm kutalika ndi maluwa amtundu wa lalanje.
- Feuerfeder Ichi ndi chomera chaching'ono (masentimita 35 okha), chokhala ndi masamba obiriwira okhala ndi mitsempha ya pinki ndi inflorescence yofiira.
Celosia ndi spiky, pazifukwa zina sizodziwika kwambiri ndi wamaluwa. Ma inflorescence ake ndi ofanana ndi ma tirigu - chifukwa chake dzinali.
Spike celosia
Mtengowo uli ndi ma inflorescence owala, ofika mpaka 1.3 m, amitundu yosiyanasiyana - kuchokera ku chikaso chowoneka bwino mpaka kufiira.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti celosia, kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe ake okongoletsa, ilinso ndi machiritso. Ma infusions ndi decoctions a mbewu amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu mankhwala azikhalidwe. Amakhulupirira kuti mmera umatha kuthana ndi matenda ambiri otupa.
Pano pali kukongola kwabwino kotereku komwe kumatha kukhala kukongoletsa kwa khonde lanu kapena dimba lanu. Ngati mumagula mbewu za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndikuwonetsa pang'ono, mutha kupanga chosakanikirana kapena maluwa.
