Munda “wokongola” uli ndi mabedi atalire, omwe wamaluwa ndi omwe amalima m'munda atha kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa, otentha, ndikukhazikika, ndipo mundawo womwewo - wamtali kapena wotupa. Kukula masamba ndi zipatso pamalo ngati amenewa sikuti sikungofunika kukumba dothi lililonse kugwa ndi masika, komanso kumatsimikizira kuti palibe chifukwa chokumba konse. Chomera chodzaza bwino chitha kupezeka pamabedi ambiri okhala ndi zinthu zofunikira koma osafunikira luso lawo pomanga.
Munda womwe uli pamwamba pamtunda ungathe kupangika wokha. Mabedi okwera okhala ndi zida zachilengedwe amapanga malo abwino opangidwira ndikukula kwa banja la earthworms ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amapangitsa nthaka kukhala yachonde komanso yopatsa thanzi. Organch mulch ndi kompositi, zikasungunuka, zimatulutsa kutentha, chinyezi komanso michere yofunika pazomera zamasamba.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa kukumba dothi
Mukakumba dothi lolemera, lolemera limakulitsidwa ndi mpweya, nthaka yolimba imasweka, dothi limasinthika kukhala labwino. Koma pali zovuta zambiri. Nthaka yomwe imakumba imakumba mwachangu ndikuuma, zambiri zomwe zimapangidwazo zimawonongeka, ma nyansi a nthaka omwe amafunikira kuti nthaka ikadzaza ndi mpweya iwonongeke kwambiri.
Atakumba pansi, mbewu za zomera zambiri, makamaka zamasamba, zomwe zinali pansi kwambiri, zimamera. Mothandizidwa ndi zonse zofunikira pazoyenera (kuwala, kutentha, mpweya), zimakula kwambiri, ndipo muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yochulukirapo komanso kuchita khama kuti muchepetse udzu.
Zizindikiro zazikulu za munda wamtunda
- Nthaka pamalopo sichikumba;
- Zinthu zachilengedwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka;
- Kuchepetsa tsambalo sikuchitika;
- Dothi lonse lanyumbalala;
- Bedi likhoza kukhala pachikhalidwe chilichonse;
- Maola ochepa ndi okwanira kumanga mundawo;
- Kukonzekera kwapadera kwa mabedi omwe ali pamalo osankhidwa sikofunikira;
- Pamabedi ngati amenewa maudzu samamera;
- Dothi limapangidwa nthawi zonse ndi michere yazakudya ndipo limakwaniritsidwa ndi ma tizilombo tothandiza;
- Kuphatikiza kwamabedi kwa bedi kumakhalabe kutentha ndikusunga chinyezi chofunikira;
- Kusamalira mundawo, nthawi yochepa komanso ntchito ndiyofunikira.
Kumanga mabedi akulu
Kusankhidwa kwa tsamba ndikukonzekera
Malowa amayenera kusankhidwa ndi dzuwa, ndi kuwala kwachindunji osachepera maola 5-6 patsiku. Itha kukhala gawo ili yonse m'mundamo kapena m'nyumba yachilimwe, yomwe sioyenera kubzala mbewu zamasamba monga njira yachikhalidwe. Malo opanda kanthu okutidwa ndi namsongole kapena udzu wosiyidwa ndi koyenera.
Choyambirira kuchita ndikuwonetsetsa kuti malo omwe ali ndi zinyalala zopanda pake ndi namsongole wamsinga. Zomera zaudzu wamba ndi namsongole wazaka chimodzi sizingawonongeke.
Ntchito yomanga
Madera ozungulira mabedi atha kumangidwa ndi matabwa am'madzi, njerwa, zinyalala za pulasitiki ndi zinthu zina zoyenera ndikukhazikika. Kutalika kwa mabedi ndi pafupifupi 30 cm.
Kudzaza mabedi ndi organic
Danga loyamba (lalifupi masentimita 10) ndi nthambi zazing'ono zamitengo, zotchingira nkhuni, khungwa, masamba ogwa, ndi chilichonse chopezeka chobowoleza chobowoleza.
Gawo lachiwiri ndikudyetsa zomwe zimachokera ku organic (mwachitsanzo, ndowe za mbalame, kompositi, manyowa owola).
Danga lachitatu (pafupifupi 10 cm) ndi dothi lamunda.
Palibe chifukwa chosakaniza zigawo. Pambuyo pakuyika zigawo zonse, ndikofunikira kuthirira mokwanira pamtunda wonse wammunda ndikuwusiyirani kwakanthawi.
Katundu Wanyumba
Bedi, lokonzedwa mu kugwa, liyenera kukhala pansi pabwino pokhazikika kufikira kutayikira. Monga pobisalira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito filimu ya pulasitiki kapena zinthu zina zakuda zololedwa. Bedi la m'munda liyenera kuphimbidwa mozungulira ponsepo ndi m'mbali mwa chophimba.
Kukula manyowa obiriwira
Pakati pa nyengo, mabedi akuluakulu amalimbikitsidwa kuti azilima manyowa obiriwira, omwe ndi othandiza ngati mavalidwe obiriwira. Atatchetchera, amasiyidwa pakama, pamwamba ndikukutidwa ndi mulching kapena dothi la m'munda.
