Pambuyo pachakudya china chopatsa thanzi, Henry VI, mfumu ya France, anadwala mwadzidzidzi. Osati moona mtima, mchiritsi woweruzayo wowopa adakhazikitsa: ndiye wolakwa pa chilichonse ... iye, vwende! Olemekezeka apamwamba azungulira mozungulira mfumu yachisoniyo ndi yotuwa nthawi yomweyo adabweretsa milandu motsutsana naye!
Chigamulo cha "bwalo" chinali chachikulu: vwendeyo adapezeka kuti ndi wolakwa ... kutukwana Mfumu Yake Yachifumu komanso kutembereredwa pagulu! ... Zowona, nkhaniyi idayiwalika zaka zapitazo.
Mwa njira, ngati mavwende (komanso zinthu zina zambiri) akudya mopitirira muyeso - kususuka sikwabwino - inde, mutha kudwala m'mimba ndikumva kupweteka m'mimba. Ndipo ndani amapanga china?
Zotsatira za vwende zidasankhidwa ndi zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi. Kupatula apo, imatha kukhala chomera chodziwika bwino padziko lapansi - koma sichinatero. Akatswiri amayembekeza kusintha beets ndi mabango ndi mavwende, popeza mumapezeka shuga wambiri (pafupifupi 20%), koma ndizosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo kuchotsa. Ndipo timalimbana naye pang'ono. Nthawi yomweyo, mbewuzo zidalowa mu bizinesi - mafuta adawoneka ngati mafuta azitona, ndipo nyama za pafamupo zidadya mosangalala.
Koma zidapezeka kuti mbewu zake ndizosasangalatsa, sizokhazikika poyerekeza ndi mabango ndi beets. Mathero a vwende adasankhidwa. Ntchito yayikulu idawonongeka. Komabe, mpaka pano, mavwende akadali othandizika kwambiri kwa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri padziko lapansi!
© srqpix
Melon (lat.Cucumis melo) - chomera cha Pumpkin banja (Cucurbitaceae), mtundu wamtundu Wamango, nkhwangwa, zipatso zabodza.
Malo omwe amakhazikitsidwa ndi vwende amawonedwa kuti ndi Africa ndi East Indies. Vwende ndi chomera chofunda komanso chowala, chosagwirizana ndi kukokoloka kwa nthaka ndi chilala, ndipo sichimalola chinyezi chambiri. Pa chomera chimodzi, kutengera mitundu ndi malo olimiramo, zipatso ziwiri kapena zisanu ndi zitatu zingapangidwe, zolemera kuyambira 1.5 mpaka 10 kg. Zipatso za Melon zimakhala zowoneka bwino kapena zopanda maonekedwe, zobiriwira, zachikaso, zofiirira kapena zoyera, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mikwingwirima yobiriwira. Nthawi yakucha ndiyambira miyezi iwiri mpaka isanu ndi umodzi.
Kugwiritsa
Vwende ndilothandiza: magazi m'thupi, gout, urolithiasis, matenda amtima, matumbo, chiwindi, kuthetsa ludzu, amachepetsa mphamvu yamkati yamanjenje, amathandiza kuchotsa cholesterol m'thupi, imakhala ndi diuretic ndi choleretic.
Madzulo a mankhwalawa, muyenera kudya masamba okha, makamaka pakukonzedwa (masamba ophika, maphunziro oyamba), musamadye nyama ndi mkaka. Patsiku lamankhwala, vwende ziyenera kudyeka maola 1.5-2 aliwonse 200-250 g.
Ngati nyengo ya vwende ikugwirizana ndi mankhwalawa opatsirana, matenda opatsirana omwe ali ndi maantibayotiki, ndiye kuti muyenera kulowa vwende.
Mbewu za vwende siziyenera kutayikiridwa, koma m'malo mwake zouma, pansi mu chopukusira khofi ndi zouma ngati ufa. Ngakhale Avicenna adalimbikitsa kuti kumveketsa zipsera zowononga pambuyo pa nthomba, mtengo wofotokozera wa mavwende.
Achifwamba akukonzekeretsa potion yachikondi ndi nthangala za vwende. Ndi njira yabwino yothandizira kusabala.
Idyani 1 tsp zouma ndi mbewu za nthaka. Katatu patsiku 1 ola limodzi mukatha kudya. Onetsetsani kuti mudya m'mawa m'mimba yopanda kanthu komanso usiku.
© Muffet
Zinthu zikukula
Melon ndi chikhalidwe chopepuka komanso chokonda kutentha. Mbewu zimamera pa kutentha osati kutsika ndi 17ºº, kutentha kwakukulu ndi 25 ... 35ºС. Pa kukula amafunika 25 ... 30ºС masana, 18ºº usiku. Vwende sathanidwe ndi chilala, amakumana ndi chinyezi chambiri, zomwe zimathandiza kuti matenda oyamba ndi fungus.
Chinyezi chokwanira kwambiri ndi 60-70%. Monga mukuwonera, vwende zimapangitsa kwambiri kutentha kwa mpweya ndi nthaka, kutalika kwa nyengo yomwe ikukula. Ndi zinthu izi zomwe zikuchepetsa pakati pa Russia. Chinsinsi chopambana polimitsa mbewuyi ndi njira yabwino yosankhira mitundu komanso kuperekera ukadaulo wazinthu zofunikira paulimi.
Zosiyanasiyana pakatikati pa Russia
Chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa pakusankhidwa kwa mitundu.. Mitundu yoyambirira yokha ya vwende ndioyenera kulimidwa pakatikati pa Russia. Palibenso chifukwa chothamangitsira mitundu ndi zipatso zazikulu, amatha kuzindikira kuthekera kwawo mikhalidwe yabwino, kumwera. Pofotokozera zamitundu mitundu, muyenera kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa masiku kuyambira pakupanga zipatso mpaka kucha (ndikofunikira kuti thumba losunga mazira limere ndikukula msanga). Ndikwabwino kuti muzikonda mitundu yomwe imatha kucha mkatikati mwa nthawi yomweyo ndipo imakhala ndi zipatso zokoma kwambiri.
Makhalidwe monga kunyamula, kukula zipatso, atha kunyalanyazidwa. Komanso, musayang'ane mwapadera mawonekedwe a chipatso ndi mtundu wawo (makhalidwe awa ndiofunikira akagulitsidwa pamsika).
Mwa mitundu yonse yosakanizidwa ndi vwende, imodzi mwabwino kwambiri pakati pa gulu ndi Cinderella, yomwe imacha chaka chilichonse ndipo imakhala ndi zipatso zokoma.
© Dvortygirl
Kukula mbande
Pakati panjira, vwende zimatha kumera kudzera mbande, ndipo kukolola mtsogolo makamaka kumatengera mtundu wake.
Ponena za maungu onse, nthawi yakubzala vwende ikakhala yochepa - masiku 30-35.
Mbande zimamera m'miphika yokha kuti pasakhale kuwonongeka kwa mizu mukabzala. Gwiritsani ntchito miphika yokhala ndi mainchesi 10, amatha kukula mbewu ziwiri. Pamaso kufesa, mbewu zimatha kunyowa kapena kumera, zomwe zimachepetsa nthawi yamera. Kuti mupeze mphukira yabwino, ndikofunikira kupereka kutentha kwambiri, pamlingo wa 27 ... 30ºС.
Ulamuliro wa kutentha kwa mbande zokulira ndi 20 ... 25ºС masana (kutengera nyengo, pamasiku amoyo kutentha kumachepera pang'ono kuteteza mbewu kuti zisatalikane), 18 ... 20ºº usiku. Popeza mbewu za mbande zofesedwa mochedwa (pafupifupi pakati pa Epulo), palibe chifukwa chowonjezeranso mbewu. Komabe, mbande zimafunikira kupatsidwa malo abwino kwambiri mu nyumbayo, koposa zonse ndi mazenera akumwera. Mitundu ya mbande imakhala yokwezeka ngati ikukula pa khonde lotsekemera ndi loggia (pankhani iyi, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti kutentha kumatuluka bwino).
Nthawi yakula, mbande zimanyamula zovala ziwiri zapamwamba ndi feteleza wovuta wa mchere. Kapangidwe kazomera ndikofunika kwambiri: ndikofunikira kuti asakhudze masamba, chifukwa chake, miphika imayenera kusunthidwa mosiyanasiyana. Wokonzeka kubzala mbande ayenera kukhala ndi masamba enieni a 3-5.
Pafupifupi sabata imodzi asanabzalidwe, mbande zimawumitsidwa. Kutentha kwa masana kumachepetsedwa kukhala 15 ... 17ºº, nthawi yausiku - mpaka 12 ... 15º,, limbikitsani mpweya wabwino wa mbewu.
© JP Corrêa Carvalho
Kanema Wakanthawi
Njira yosavuta yofukula vwende ndikugwiritsa ntchito malo osungira mafilimu osakhalitsa. Mapangidwe awo ndi zofunda zitha kukhala zosiyana, koma m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwake muyenera kukhala pafupifupi 70 cm.Magwiritsidwe ake ndi kachitidwe kake pokonzera malo okhala ndizofanana ndi nyumba zowonongera mafilimu.
Kubzala mbande
Madeti Olimbikitsidwa
Popeza vwende ndi mbewu yomwe imakonda kutentha, munthu sangathamange ndi mbande. Mu zaka zina, m'malo mwake nyengo yofunda imakhazikitsidwa pakatikati pa Russia kumapeto kwa Epulo-kuyambira Meyi (kutentha kwamasana kufika 15 ... 20ºС, kutentha kwausiku 5 ... 10º 5. Pansi pa kanema pamasiku oterowo, kutentha kumakwera pamwamba 30ºº. Pakadali pano, olima masamba osadziwa zambiri amayamba kubzala mbewu zomwe zimakonda kutentha pansi pa filimuyo. Komabe, nthawi zambiri pofika pakati pa Meyi nyengo ikamakula, nthawi zina matalala amayamba. Mwachitsanzo, ngati phwetekere imatha kupirira ngakhale kuzizira pang'ono (koma osazizira), ndiye vwende amatha kufa. Chifukwa chake, monga momwe ntchito yayitali imasonyezera, ndizotheka kubzala mbande za zokonda izi zotentha pansi pa kanema wokha pa Meyi 15-20 (musanatsike ndikofunika kufunsa kuti mudziwitseko za nyengo yayitali).
Ngati, patapita kanthawi ikamatera, kuzizira kumachitika, ndiye kuti malo okhala m'mafilimuwo ayenera kuphimbidwa ndi filimu yakale, pepala, zisanza, etc. (gawo lachiwiri la kanemayo likhoza kutsalira kwa tsiku limodzi). Mu wowonjezera kutentha kwamafilimu nthawi yozizira pamera, mafelemu osavuta amawaikanso ndi yokutira zida zosiyanasiyana zothandizira.
Njira yofikira
Mbande za Melon mu greenhouse zimabzalidwa malinga ndi chiwembu cha pafupifupi 70x50cm. M'malo obisalamo, mbewu zimayikidwa mu mzere umodzi pakati pa pobisala ndi mtunda wa 50 cm pakati pawo.
Tikakulitsa malo okhala mu filimu imodzi, titha kubzala mbewu ziwiri, kenako kuzitsogolera.
Musanabzale, ndikofunika kuwonjezera 1.5-2 makilogalamu a humus kapena kompositi pachitsime chilichonse ndikuthira bwino ndi madzi ofunda. Mbande zimabzalidwa pamalo otsetsereka, ndikuthira dothi louma kuchokera kumbali kuti kutumphuka kusapangike. Ngati mbande yakula m'mphika wa peat, ndiye kuti yabzalidwe ndi mphika; ngati mu pulasitiki - mmera umachotsedwa mosamala mumphika, kuyesera kuti usawononge mtanda. Mukabzala, mbande siziyenera kuzama, m'malo mwake, chotumphukacho chimayenera kutuluka masentimita 1-2 pamwamba pa bedi (ndikadzitsitsa, bondo la sub-cotyledonous limatha kuvunda).
Ngati mbande zibzalidwe pansi pabalaza filimu, ndiye kuti mutangobzala imakutidwa ndi filimu.
© Itinerant Tightwad
Chisamaliro
Monga lamulo, pa sabata 1 mutabzala, palibe chisamaliro chofunikira, kupatula mpweya wabwino mu nyengo yotentha. Ndikofunikira kuti mpweya wabwino utenthe pamwamba pa 30ºС. Kuti muchite izi, tsegulani zenera la wowonjezera kutentha, kapena ikani filimuyo kumapeto kwa malo okhala.
Pafupifupi sabata kuchokera pakuwuma nthaka, mbewu zimathiriridwa ndi madzi ofunda, ndikuphatikiza ndi feteleza ndi nayitrogeni wa nayitrogeni (20 g ya ammonium nitrate pa 10 l ya madzi; 2 l yankho pa chitsime chilichonse). Madzi osamalika mosamala, osayesa kunyowetsa bondo lamitundu yonse ya masamba ndi masamba. M'tsogolomu, kusamalira mbewu mu zobiriwira komanso pansi pa malo okhala filimu ndizosiyana pang'ono. Tiyeni tizilingalire mosiyana.
Mu wowonjezera kutentha
Pafupifupi masiku 7-10 mutabzala, garter ya mbewuyi imachitika. Dongosolo la garter ndi lofanana ndi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito polima nkhaka.
Zomera za Melon zimamangidwa motere. Tikadina pamwamba pamsika mu nthawi yomera, mphukira zingapo zimapangidwa. Muyenera kusankha 1-2 mwamphamvu kwambiri ndikuwatsogolera ngati woyamba (kumangiriza aliyense kupita ku trellis), ndikuchotsa ena onse. Mtsogolomo, mapangidwe ake ndi ofanana ndi chivwende.
Kuphatikiza pa mapangidwe azomera, kuthirira kumachitika nthawi imodzi pa sabata; pa kucha zipatso, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa. Kuphatikiza pa woyamba kuphatikiza ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni (pafupifupi sabata mutabzala), kuphatikiza feteleza 2 ndi feteleza wovuta kumachitika ndi nthawi pafupifupi sabata ziwiri.
Nthawi zina zipatso zimayamba kukula kwambiri, pomwe zina zimatembenuka chikasu - izi zikusonyeza kuperewera kwa zakudya kwa mbewu.
Mukakulitsa wowonjezera kutentha, muyenera kulabadira kupukutidwa kwa mbewu. Monga lamulo, tizilombo touluka timabisalamo kudzera pazenera lotseguka, koma ngati kuphukira sikupezeka, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kuzichita mwakathithi (sinthani mungu kuchokera ku maluwa amphongo ndikuyamba kuchitira manyazi maluwa.).
Pansi pofikira mafilimu
Makanema ojambula amakhala osachotsedwa mpaka kumapeto kwa June (kutengera nyengo. Pofika nthawi ino, mbewuzo zimayamba kuphuka, ndipo tizilombo tifunika kupukutidwa.
Kanemayo atachotsedwa kwathunthu, bedi limamasulidwa ndikumasulidwa. Mbale zimagawanidwa moyenerera pamwamba pa kama. Monga mu greenhouse, mutapangidwa zipatso 1-3 pa chomera chilichonse, nthawi ndi nthawi chotsani mazira ena onse ndikutsina nsonga kuti chomera chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zake zonse kudzaza zipatso. Mphukira zamtundu, pomwe mulibe zipatso, zimadulidwa kuti mbewu zitheke bwino. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika chimodzimodzi monga momwe mukukula mu wowonjezera kutentha. Potseguka, pansi pa ovary, ndikofunikira kuyika matabwa kuti zipatso zomwe zikukula zisawola.
© maesejose
Zosiyanasiyana
Musk Melon
Ma melcat mavwende amachokera ku North Africa ndi mayiko a Mediterranean. Pambuyo pa "charente" mavwende, ndi ochepa kwambiri mavwende onse, ozungulira komanso osalala, okhala ndi mitsempha komanso mizere yayitali. Chingwecho ndi chotupa, chofinira, chamtundu ndi choyera, chachikaso, chobiriwira, chamtambo. Kuguza kwa chipatso ndi kutumbululuka chikasu, lalanje kapena kufiyira, okoma ndi onunkhira.
Mitundu iyi imakhala yochepa kwambiri pama calories (31 kcal) ndipo ili ndi vitamini C. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi vitamini A, potaziyamu ndi manganese. Musanadye mavwende, ndi bwino kuzizirira. Chifukwa cha madzi ambiri, amathetsa ludzu. Ngati pali mavwende osaphika, ndiye kuti muyenera kuwadula mbali ziwiri, kuchotsa mbewu ndi mpeni kapena supuni, kenako kudula m'magawo ndi kuwaza. Vwende ikhoza kupakidwa ngati chakudya chosafunsa ndi nyama ya ham kapena muma saladi. Mavwende ochulukirachulukira amakonzedwa mwaluso kumadzimadzi, zakudya ndi mafuta oundana.
Melon "Eugene"
Melon "Eugene" amachokera ku Israeli, pomwe adawaletseka kuchokera ku ukonde ndi cantaloupe. Melon "Eugene" ndi wamkulu pang'ono kuposa cantaloupe, ndi wozungulira, wokutidwa pang'ono kapena wowonda. Peelyo ndi yachikaso, chikasu- kubiriwira kapena mtundu wobiriwira, wokhala ndi ma tchuthi aatali, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mikwingwirima kapena mawanga. Kuguza kwa zipatsozo ndi kotsekemera, kununkhira komanso kubiriwira. Mitundu iyi imakhala yochepa kwambiri mu ma calories (31 kcal) komanso yokhala ndi vitamini C. Kuphatikiza apo, ilinso ndi vitamini A, potaziyamu ndi manganese.
Melon Charente
Vwendeyu amachokera ku France, koma tsopano wakula m'malo ambiri otentha. Charente mavwende ndi ochepa kwambiri mavwende onse, koma amawerengedwa ngati abwino kwambiri. Ali ndi mikhalidwe yofanana ndi cantaloupe. Maonekedwe a mavwende awa ndi ozungulirazungulira. Choyikacho chimakhala chotsekemera, chomwe chimakhala ndi timitengo tanthete. Mtundu, ndimtambo wachikaso, zobiriwira-buluu ndi mikwingwirima yaying'ono yakutali. Kuguza kwa chipatso ndi lalanje. Kukoma kwa zamkati ndi kokoma komanso kununkhira. Mitundu iyi imakhala yochepa kwambiri mu ma calories (31 kcal) ndipo ili ndi vitamini C. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi vitamini A, potaziyamu ndi manganese.
Vwende
Mavwende a uchi amakula makamaka ku Moroko ndi ku maiko aku Mediterranean. Awa ndi ena omwe amati ndi osalala. Maonekedwe ake ndi otambasuka, kuyambira kuzungulira mpaka chowulungika. Alibe poyambira. Mtundu wa uchi mavwende amasiyana kuchokera ku wowonda mpaka utoto. Guwa la mwana wosabadwa limakhala loyera, lachikaso kapena lofiira. Mavwende a uchi ndi onunkhira kwambiri komanso okoma. Mitundu iyi imakhala yochepa kwambiri pama calories (31 kcal) ndipo ili ndi vitamini C. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi vitamini A, potaziyamu ndi manganese.
Melon "Wathu"
Melon "Athu" ochokera ku Southeast Asia. Amakhala ozungulira kapena ooneka ngati peyala. Peel ndiyosaneneka komanso yopyapyala, yachikaso kapena yobiriwira. Kuguza kwa chipatso ndi wopepuka, wolimba komanso wowutsa mudyo, wokoma mtima komanso wonunkhira. Mavwende athu sakhala bwino ndi mavitamini ndi michere. Mulimonsemo, ndi chipatso choyenera cha kuchepetsa thupi. Amakhala ndi diuretic kwambiri komanso kutsika kwa magazi.
Mavwende "Athu" ali bwino mawonekedwe. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudula zipatsozo pang'ono, kuchotsa bokosi la mbewu, kudula magawo ndikumawaza ndi mandimu kuti asasinthe mtundu akakhala ndi oxid. “Zathu” zitha kuthandizidwanso monga mbale yakudya yophikira nyama. Kuti muchite izi, pang'onopang'ono muziwaphika ndi anyezi, mchere ndi nyengo ndi tsabola wobiriwira.
© digitonin
