Chitsamba cha currant sichimawoneka chachifundo komanso chosatetezeka. Imalekerera kuzizira kwa nthawi yozizira, kusintha kwa kutentha, kusintha kwamadzi ndi chilala. Komabe, zonsezi sizikhala popanda zotsatirapo. Nayi mndandanda wamavuto akulu a mbewu iyi, matenda a currant mu chithunzi amawoneka okhutiritsa:
- Anthracnose. Zizindikiro: mawanga a bulauni ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi ma tubercles amawonekera pamasamba. Pang'onopang'ono zimakula, kufalikira pazimera, ndipo chitsamba chimafa. Zimathandizira kukulitsa chidwi cha matenda ndi chinyezi: mvula kapena chifunga.
- Mawonekedwe oyera, septoria. Masamba amasandulika oyera, ndi mawanga ang'onoang'ono akuda, zikamera zamawenga zimawoneka. Zimachitika kuti paz zipatso mumatha kuzindikira zizindikilo za matendawa. Blackcurrant imawululidwa nthawi zambiri.
- Dzimbiri la Mpira. Matendawa amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a mapiritsi achikasu-lalanje omwe amafalikira masamba ndi maluwa akuthengo. Blackcurrant akukhulupirira kuti atengeka mosavuta ndi matendawa.
- Powdery mildew. Chikwangwani choyera chimawoneka pamasamba achichepere, ngati kapeb woonda. Zimakhudza makamaka ofiira ofiira.
- Laibulale yapagawo (mtundu wina wa powdery mildew, American). Zomera zonse zimatha kuthira: masamba achichepere ndi mphukira, zipatso ndi mazira. Utoto wofiirira wopyapyala umaonekera, womwe umakula pakapita nthawi. Masamba opunduka ndi kufa.
- Zosintha (Terry). Zomera zimakhudzidwa kwathunthu, kusintha kowoneka ndi mawonekedwe ndi masamba a masamba ndi maluwa. Maluwa amawuma, koma osagwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Kupanda zipatso kwathunthu. Nthawi zambiri akuda currants amadwala matendawa.
- Zithunzi zokongola. Kumene kudutsa tsamba la mtsempha, kubwereza kwa mawonekedwe awo kumawonekera chikasu kapena lalanje.
Zowopsa za currants onse ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.
Tizilombo toyambitsa:
- nyali yamoto, imayikira mazira pa currant, mbozi zimawonekera masamba amiyala ndi kambuku, kuwadya;
- nkhungu, mphutsi zake zimadya masamba a chomera;
- tsamba ndulu masamba, awa ndi udzudzu, kwa iwo masamba achomera ndichithandizo chenicheni;
- ulusi wa kangaude, wotchedwa chifukwa umagwira ndi masamba ndi kudya msuzi wawo;
- golide, uyu ndi mphutsi, amadyera pachimake pa mapesi a currant;
- mite impso, ndi iye amene amanyamula terry, matenda oopsa a currant;
- nsabwe za m'masamba, zimayamwa timadziti kuchokera masamba ndi zitsamba zazing'ono;
- njenjete ndi wosusuka, mu ake jamu ndi masamba currant, amene amadya kwathunthu.
Uwu si mndandanda wathunthu. Zinangokhala ndi matenda ndi tizirombo tofala kwambiri. Mapeto enanso amatha kuchitika, ngakhale mutakhala pachiyanjano, akuda ndi ofiira omwe amatha kukhala ndi matenda "awo":
Matenda a Blackcurrant
Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti matenda ena a blackcurrant ali ofanana ndi omwe mphesa ndi jamu zimavutika. Uwu ndi ufa wowuma, mtedza, dzimbiri lagalasi, septoria. Kuopsa kwa blackcurrant ndi tizirombo tomwe timene timayendera.
Matendawa
Red currant imakhala ndiubwino zingapo kuposa zakuda, imakhala yopanga zambiri komanso yopanda chidwi, ndipo chofunikira kwambiri ndichakuti imagwirizana ndi matenda. Koma, ngakhale izi sizimamupulumutsa kwa ambiri a iwo, kuphatikiza ndi Europe powdery mildew.
Chithandizo cha currant cha matenda
Mlimi aliyense ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa mbewuzo kuti azindikire koyambirira kwa matenda aliwonse omwe angayambike. Masamba a chomera chomwe chafota ndi kugwa ayenera kutolera ndi kuwotcha. Pansi pa izi, mutha kuthana ndi matendawa mosavuta.
Kuchiza kwa currants matenda kumayamba chifukwa chakuti masamba ndi nthambi zowonongeka zimachotsedwa. Gawo lofunikira ndikukumba lapansi mozungulira thunthu la chomera. Zochita zina zimadalira chifukwa chomwe woponderezedwayo amavutika.
- Anthracnose. Chitsamba chokhazikitsidwa ndi matendawa chimayenera kuthandizidwa ndi fungicidal othandizira. Omwe alimi ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mkuwa sulfate, Bordeaux madzi, colloidal sulfure kapena phthalanum kuti azitha kupopera masiku 10 aliwonse. Mankhwalawa ndi oyenera chifukwa cha prophylactic komanso mankhwalawa.
- Seporia Kuchokera ku matendawa, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi mkuwa wa sulfate, 40 g pa 10 malita amadzi amathandizira.
- Dzimbiri la Mpira. Ndikofunikira pa nthawi yomwe masamba amatuluka, maluwa atayamba, ndipo thumba losunga mazira litayamba kuwaza chitsamba ndi fungicides, kapena 1% yankho la Bordeaux madzi.
- Powdery Mildew Tchire lokha ndi dothi pansi pake liyenera kuthandizidwa ndi nitrophene kapena yankho la 3% yazitsulo. Utsi masiku 10 aliwonse.
- Malo a library. 300 g yachitsulo sulfate mumtsuko wamadzi okwanira 10, sakanizani ndikuwaza chitsamba. Pali njira inanso yomwe imagwira ntchito kumayambiriro kwa matendawo: 50 g wa sopo phulusa + 50 g wa sopo mu malita 10 a madzi. Muyenera kukonza chitsamba cha currant kangapo.
- Terry. Kumayambiriro, ndizovuta kudziwa. Ndipo, zikadziwika kuti chitsamba chamtunduwu chimapambana, chimachedwa kwambiri. Popewa kufalikira kwa matendawa ku tchire labwinobwino, chomera chodwala chiyenera kukumbidwa ndikuwotcha.
- Zithunzi zokongola. Nthenda ina yomwe ndiyosatheka kuchiza. Chifukwa chake, mbewuyo imazulidwa ndikuwotchedwa.
Tizilombo. Kuchokera kuzilombo zambiri, kupopera mbewu tchire lopindika ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumathandiza. Ndipo izi zimachitika m'magawo angapo. Choyamba - asanaphuke, chachiwiri - pambuyo maluwa.
Kuteteza Matenda a Currant
Inde, mlimi aliyense amadziwa kuti njira zodzitetezera nthawi zonse zimakhala zabwinoko, ndizotsika mtengo, zimafuna nthawi yochepa komanso khama, komanso kupewa kutchingira chitsamba ngati matendawa akupita patsogolo ndipo sakhudza zipatso zokolola. Ndipo choyambirira, uku sikugwiritsa ntchito njira zilizonse zamankhwala kapena organic, koma kubzala koyenera, kudulira ndikovala pamwamba pa tchire la currant.
Kupewa matenda a currant ndi njira zosiyanasiyana:
- Ndikofunika kuchotsa mbali za chomera zowonongeka ndi matendawa kapena tizirombo m'nthawi, ndikuzichita bwino kwambiri, mpaka chitsamba chonse chitakhala ndi kachilombo.
- Kudulira koyenera komanso kwakanthawi. Kuyeretsa kwachitsamba kumakupatsani mwayi kuti muwonetsetse kuti mbewuyo siinakonde, chifukwa chake matenda amachepetsa nthawi zambiri.
- Kutsirira pang'ono. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumathandizira kufalitsa matenda ndikukopa tizilombo toopsa.
Kukumba mozungulira mtengo. Chifukwa cha izi, tizirombo tomwe tidatsalira pansi nyengo yozizira timawonongeka. Kula zitsamba zathanzi, ndikupeza zotsatira zabwino nthawi zina zimakhala zomwezo. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zonse muyenera kuwunika momwe zitsamba za currant zimakhalira patsamba lanu, ndipo ngati ndi kotheka, thandizani mbewu yake mu nthawi.
