M'dziko lathu losintha lino, anthu nthawi zambiri amakhala pamavuto. Lingaliro labwino kukumana ndi kukula mitundu yotchuka ndi mitundu ya cotoneaster pa kanyumba ka chilimwe. Chomera chodabwitsa ichi chimafuna chisamaliro chapadera kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko, koma pambuyo pake chimasintha mundawo kukhala malo opumulitsa okongola.
Olima ena amakhulupirira kutiwoodwood ndi machoneaster ndiomera yemweyo. M'malo mwake, iwo ndi mabanja osiyanasiyana. Cotoneaster ndi chitsamba chotsika cha zokongoletsera. Pomwe nkhuni za mitengo ndi mitengo yomwe imabala zipatso zokoma. Mitundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya machoneaster imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa malo aminda, mapaki amtawuni ndi madera okhala. Mabatani oyambira amapangidwa kuchokera pamenepo, amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zitsamba zamapiri. Makotoniaster ndiwopatsa chidwi kwambiri pakugwa, masamba ake atasanduka ofiira, owala ngati kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Chitsambachi chimayamikiridwa chifukwa cha zipatso zokongola za utoto wofiira kapena utoto wakuda, womwe umakhazikika panthambi nthawi yayitali, kukopa chidwi cha aliyense.
Mikwingwirima yokongoletsera ya cotoneaster
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, mtengowu udafotokozedwa ndi wasayansi wazomera zaku Swiss K. Baugin ndikuupatsa dzina, lomwe limamasuliridwa mu Russian ngati "quince" kapena "ofanana." Chowonadi ndi chakuti masamba amitundu ndi mitundu ya cotoneaster amafanana ndi zipatso za quince. Tchire lonse lili ndi kukopa kwake kwapadera. Zomerazi zikufalikira ku North Africa, Eurasia, China komanso ku Siberia. Chifukwa chake, ena mwa mitundu yake amadziwika ndi kukana kwambiri chisanu.
Pofotokozera chinyengo chamtunduwu, timazindikira kupitilira kwake modabwitsa. Amatha kusangalatsa mafani ake kwa zaka pafupifupi 50 m'malo amodzi. Kwa wina, izi ndizofanana ndi nthawi ya moyo.
Kutengera mitundu, makotoniaster amakhala obiriwira komanso osakhazikika. Chomera chimakhala chokongola kwambiri pakugwa, pomwe masamba ake ochepera amapeza mawonekedwe owala. Pamaluwa, maluwa amatuluka tchire, kamtundu wamtundu wa pinki komanso woyera ngati chipale. Popita nthawi, m'malo mwake, zipatso zoyambirira zobiriwira zimapangidwa zofanana ndi maapulo ang'onoang'ono. Pakutha kwa Ogasiti, amapeza mtundu watsopano, womwe ukufanana ndi mawonekedwe:
- zakuda
- ofiira
- ginger;
- lalanje
- matanthwe.
Mkati mwa "apulo" pali mbewu zingapo (kuchokera pamitundu iwiri mpaka 5). Dongosolo lamiyala lapadera la cotoneaster limapezeka pafupifupi panthaka. Chifukwa chake, mbewuyo imabzala pamalo otsetsereka kuti igwire pamwamba pa nthaka. Kutengera ndi mitundu, korona wa machoneaster amatha kukwawa kapena kukhala chilili. Zina mwa izo zimamera mwanjira zamtengo wopendekeka, osapitirira mamita 10. Cotoneaster safuna kuthirira kowonjezera. Ndikokwanira kungotsuka fumbi ngati silikugwa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Nkhuni za chitsamba ichi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zida zina zamunda.
Mitundu yotchuka ndi mitundu ya cotoneaster yolima
Akatswiri a sayansi ya zinthu zachilengedwe ali ndi mitundu pafupifupi 80 ya chomera chokongola ichi, chomwe chimadzalidwa kuti chizipanga mapaki amtawuni ndi malo okhala. Tizolowera ena mwa iwo kuti asankhe njira yoyenera payekha.
Zofala
Shrub amatanthauza mbewu zokhazikika zomwe zimafikira 2 mita kutalika. Zoyambira zake zazing'ono ndizophimbidwa ndi villi, zomwe zimatha ndi ukalamba. Mu chithunzi cha cotoneaster wamba, mbale za masamba owoneka ngati mazira za munthu wowoneka bwino zimawonekera bwino. Mbali yawo yakumtambo ndi utoto wakuda, ndipo kumbuyo, chifukwa chomvekera bwino, imakhala ndi imvi kapena yoyera. Kumayambiriro koyambirira, inflorescence ya corymbose imawoneka pa shrub, yomwe imakhala ndi masamba awiri kapena anayi. Popita nthawi, zipatso zofiira zowala zimamera m'malo mwake.
Popeza chomeracho chimalekerera mozizwitsa nthawi yachisanu ndi chilimwe chokhazikika, chitha kumerekeka pakatikati patali.
Ndikizidwa (cotoneaster adpressus)
Chitsamba ichi chimadziwika bwino ndi nzika zakumadzulo kwa China, komwe zimamera zachilengedwe. Makina a machoni oyendetsedwa kapena otukulidwa amakonda malo otsetsereka a mapiri. Imakula mpaka hafu ya mita, koma ili ndi korona wokongola, wopangidwa ndi nthambi zambiri za utoto wofiirira. Masamba ake okhala ngati mazira amatha kusiyanasiyana ndi nsonga yolunjika komanso m'mbali mwake. Maluwa amayamba kumapeto kwa Meyi, pomwe mbewuyo imavala shawl yamtundu wapinki wapinki. Ndipo kumapeto kwa chilimwe, zipatso zofiira za mtundu wonyezimira zimawonekera.
Kuti mubereke cotoneaster adpressus, ndikokwanira kugula zingapo zomwe zidulidwa ndikutsatira malamulo onse aulimi. Zotsatira zake, shrub yokongola yokhala ndi zipatso zowala bwino idzawonekera m'mundamo.
Pamaso
Nyumba yakale yoyambira iyi idagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira kale kukongoletsa minda yomwe ili m'chigawo cha America komanso kumayiko a Kum'mawa. Mitundu ina ya cotoneaster yopingasa imakulidwa m'minda ya botanical.
Ngakhale izi, mbewuyi ndiyotchuka pakati pa wamaluwa.
Njira yodziwika bwino kwambiri pachitsambachi ndi Variegatus. Ndi chomera chophukira mpaka 30 cm. Komabe, mphukira zimatha kukula mpaka 2 m kutalika. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti potoneaster yopingasa, yomwe imakula kum'mwera kotentha, imadziwika kuti ndi yobiriwira nthawi zonse. Ndipo m'gawo lozizira nyengo - deciduous.
Chofunikira chake chokongoletsera ndi mbale zozungulira zozungulira. Ali penti wakuda kwambiri. Aliyense wa iwo ali ndi malire oyera ngati chipale, omwe amawoneka bwino. Tchire limamasulidwa ndi masamba ofiira apinki kumapeto kwa Meyi. Ndipo mu Seputembala, zipatso zofiira za mawonekedwe ozungulira zimawonekera.
Cotoneaster yopingasa Perpusillis imaperekedwa mwa mtundu wa chomera chokhazikika, chomwe chimafika mainchesi 100. Ngakhale kutalika kwake kumafika mpaka 30 cm, masamba owala a emerald amakopa chidwi chapadera. Mbale ndi mafinya akhungu ndiosalala. Mukugwa kwawo amakhala ndi kapezi.
Dammer (machoneaster dammeri)
Mtundu wapadera wa zitsamba zazing'onoting'ono, zomwe zimakula mpaka 150cm zokha, zimasangalatsa anthu omwe amabzala msipu wobiriwira. Dammer cotoneaster wamkulu amatha kuphimba malo pafupifupi 1 mita ndi mphukira zake. Masamba ake amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, achikopa, obiriwira obiriwira. Pakatikati pa maluwa, masamba a nondescript a coral atuluka. Koma m'malo mwake zipatso zofiira ndi zokutira zonyezimira zimapangidwa. Amakhala pa mphukira nthawi yonse yozizira, ngati madontho owala magazi, amakopa mbalame kwa iwo okha. Shrub cotoneaster dammeri sifunikira chisamaliro chapadera. Amabwidwa mumipanda kuti azikongoletsa malo oyalamo.
Kuphatikiza apo, obereketsa adabzala mitundu ingapo ya coconeaster dammer. Odziwika kwambiri mwaiwo ndi omwe amadziwa bwino kwambiri zamaluwa:
- Stockholm
- Kukongola kwa Coral;
- Ayhol.
Cotoneaster Stockholm imadziwika kuti ndi yobiriwira nthawi zonse. Imakhala ndi mphukira zambiri zokhala ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira. Pakumapeto kwa nyengo, imapeza mtundu wa lalanje kapena wofiirira. Limamasula kumapeto kwa Meyi ndi masamba oyera oyera-apinki, omwe pofika nthawi yophukira amasandulika zipatso zofiira.
Cotoneaster Coral Kukongola ndi khungubwi kakang'ono kotalika 50 cm. Nthambi zake zotumphukira zimakwirira chiwembu mpaka mita 2 kupingasa. Amakhala ndi masamba owala kwambiri amtundu wobiriwira wakuda, mpaka kukula kwa 2 cm. Cotoneaster maluwa. Coral okongola m'm masamba oyera. Amapatsa fungo labwino komanso labwino. Zipatso zazing'ono zimapachikidwa pamitengo mpaka nthawi yoyambira.
Wam'ng'ono-baleved (cotoneaster lucidus)
Mtunduwu ndi wa zitsamba zosagwira chisanu zomwe zimalolera modzizira nyengo yozizira yapakati pa Russia. Pa chithunzi cha machira oyang'anira, mungathe kuwona masamba okongola ngati mawonekedwe a ellipse. Mbali yakutsogolo ya mbaleyo ndi utoto wakuda. Ndipo kumbuyo kumakhala kopepuka, komwe kumapangitsa chitsamba kukhala chosangalatsa chokongoletsera. Maluwa amawonedwa kumapeto kwa Meyi, pomwe chomera chimakwirira maluwa oyera ambiri. Pambuyo popukutira bwino, shrub imabweretsa zipatso zamalalanje kapena zofiira.
Labwino (machoneaster lucidus)
Komwe mbewuyo imabadwira ndi mbali yakum'mawa kwa Siberia, pomwe imakula mpaka 2 mita kutalika. Mmenemo amapezeka monga amodzi amitundu ndi mitengo yayikulu. Cotoneaster brilliant (cotoneaster lucidus) amatanthauza zitsamba zakukhazikika. Mbalezo zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osalala okhala ndi zokutira zonyezimira, komwe dzina la mitundu. Mfuti zimakhala zowongoka kwambiri. Nthawi yamaluwa, pakati pa zobiriwira, masamba oyera amawoneka, omwe amaphatikizidwa mumabrashi a corymbose. Amanunkhira pachitsamba kwa masiku pafupifupi 30, kuphatikiza fungo labwino. Phata lamkati la koroneaster waluso limafikira mamita 3. Izi zimapangitsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito bwino popanga mawonekedwe.
Aronia (cotoneaster melanocarpus)
Mtengowu umapezeka m'nkhalango za ku Europe, Far East ndi China. Mitundu ina imalima m'malo osungika ndipo imayang'aniridwa mosamala. Aronia ya cotoneaster imakula mpaka 2 m ndipo ndipo imasiyanitsidwa ndi kuphatikiza kofiirira kofiyira kwa nthambi ndi zipatso zakuda. Masamba ovoid amapaka utoto mitundu iwiri: zobiriwira zakuda pamwambapa, zoyera kuyera pansipa. Chitsamba chimayamba kuphuka, mpaka zaka 5. Ma Bud ali odzala ndi zokongola mpaka masiku 25.
Pa chithunzi cha arone wa machoneaster mutha kuwona zithumwa zake zonse, ndipo ngati ndi kotheka, ngakhale mungakondane ndi chitsamba chosadziwika bwino ichi. Anthu ambiri olima minda anayamikira kukana kwake kutentha kwambiri komanso nyengo zovuta. Imakhazikika bwino m'misewu yafumbi ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kukongoletsa nyumba zam'chilimwe.
Zipatso zakuda cotoneaster zimafanana ndi maapulo ang'onoang'ono kapena phulusa lamapiri. Amapsa kumayambiriro yophukira ndipo saposa 1 cm. Mkati mwa zipatso muli mbewu zing'onozing'ono, zomwe zimawapatsa mphamvu zosaneneka. Amakhalabe panthambi za mbewu, nthawi yonse yozizira. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, zipatso za cotoneaster melanocarpus zimawonedwa kuti ndi zodalirika, koma zimasiyana kwambiri ndi dogwood.
Zipatso za mtengowu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mankhwala azikhalidwe komanso chikhalidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, zimawonjezeredwa ku vinine zachilengedwe. Nthawi zambiri konzekerani tinctures kapena decoctions. Chowoneka ngati cotoneaster chilibe kukoma, koma ndichithandizo chotchuka.
Wodzikongoletsa
Cotoneaster yamtunduwu ndi ya masamba obiriwira nthawi zonse, chifukwa masamba ake amakhala nthawi zonse nyengo yachisanu. Chikhalidwe sichimakula kuposa theka la mita. Koma imafalikira pansi pafupi mamita 2 kuchokera pachimtengo chachikulu. Tchire limamasulidwa ndi masamba oyera omwe amatengedwa m'mabowo a corymbose. Mu chithunzichi, cotoneaster loosestrife imawonetsedwa muulemerero wake wonse, monga zimachitikira m'mundamu.
Alaunsky
Mu chilengedwe, chomeracho chimatha kupezeka m'malo okwezeka a pakati pa Russia. Kapangidwe kakang'ono kameneka kamakula mpaka masentimita 150. Kumayambiriro kwa masika, mphukira zake zowonongeka zimakutidwa ndi villi, zomwe zimazimiririka ndikuyamba kwa chilimwe. Mukugwa kwawo amakhala ofiira pang'ono. Zipatso za machoneaster a Alaun nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofiyira komanso zokutidwa ndimaluwa. Chomeracho chili pansi pa chitetezo cha boma ndipo adalembedwa mu Red Book. Iwo omwe akufuna kukuza chozizwitsa ichi cha chilengedwe - ulemu ndi matamando kuchokera kwa oteteza chilengedwe.
Mtengowu nthawi zambiri umatchedwa cotoneaster Central Russian, pamalo ake okukula mwachilengedwe.
Wofalikira
Chitsamba ichi chimasiyanitsidwa ndi chisoti chofalikira ndipo chimakula mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka. Platinyo wamasamba omwe amaphimba mphukira ndi wobiriwira wakuda bii. Danga lake ndi masentimita awiri okha. Mapangidwe ake a masamba ndi ovoid. Izi zonse zimawonekera bwino mu chithunzi cha cotoneaster chofalikira.
Zomera zimatulutsa masamba oyera, omwe amatengedwa m'mitundu ina yamphongo. Pambuyo pake, zipatso zofiira. Chomera sichimakonda kudwala ndipo chimatengedwa kuti ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yolimba.
Holly
Chomera chimachokera ku China, koma chimakhala ndi kutentha kambiri. Cotoneaster cirrus amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kupanga mipanda. Imakhala ndi mphukira ndi masamba okongola a mawonekedwe owongoka. Mwa mawonekedwe awo achichepere, amakhala pansi pang'ono, zomwe zimawapatsa chithumwa china. Pakat maluwa, shrub kwa masiku 30 amavala "malaya" ofunda ofiira. Pambuyo miyezi ingapo, zipatso zakuda zozungulira zimawonekera pa cotoneaster. Amakhalabe pamenepo mpaka nyengo yatsopano, yomwe mitunduyo imayamikira kwambiri wamaluwa.
