Mitengo yazipatso, kuphatikizapo plums, imakopa chidwi cha tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Kufotokozera za momwe tizirombo taumamu tikuwonera ndi momwe tingathanirane nawo, zithunzi za adani omwe angakhalepo komanso ndandanda ya zochitika zofunikira zithandizira wosamalira mundawo kukhala ndi zida zokwanira komanso kusunga mbewu.
Ndondomeko yaula
Kuwonongeka kwakukulu ndikuwoneka bwino kwa mbewu kumachitika chifukwa cha nthomba ya maula, kapena makamaka mbozi za agulugufe a siliva kapena imvi zachikuda zosaposa sentimita imodzi ndi theka.
Mazira atagona maluwa ndi masamba, kutembenukira kukhala mbozi zofiirira, kusunthira mu ovary ndikukula, kudya nyama yamucha. Zotsatira zake, zipatso zosakhwima zimalembera pansi pa mtengo, ndipo zomwe zimakhala ndi nthawi kuti zitsanuliridwe zimasakazidwa mkati ndi wosusuka wazilombo.
Zomera zomwe zawonongeka ndi maula a maula ndizolakwika kwambiri, sizisungidwa ndipo ndizoyenera kuyikira.
Chingwe chomwe chidasiya zipatsozo chimabisala m'mbali mwa khungwa, ndipo mu Juni amasintha agulugufe atsopano.
Ngakhale mbozi zokha zimavulaza kwambiri, nkhondo yolimbana ndi tizilombo tambiri, pachithunzichi, imachitika mokwanira komanso munthawi yonse yotentha:
- Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe ndi gawo la cone wobiriwira, mankhwala ophera tizilomboto amatengedwa ndi mitengo.
- Kuchokera m'mitsempha komanso nyengo isanayambe kuzizira, mitengo ikuluikulu imatsukidwa ndikumasulidwa. Namsongole amachotsedwa ndipo mphukira zoyambira zimadulidwa.
- Kuti mbozizo zisathe kukhala mozizira bwino, zimadulira mwaukhondo, kuyeretsa makungwa akufa, ndikupaka mabere.
- Thumba losunga mazira lomwe limagwa limasonkhanitsidwa ndikuwotchedwa.
Ngati kupezeka kwa tizirombo kukuwoneka pamene ma plums atsanuliridwa kale, zida zoteteza ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala, kutengera malangizo ndi nthawi yowonongeka ya mankhwala omwe alipo.
Chingwe cholowa komanso chopanda matanga
Makabati amtundu wamtunduwu wa nthenga za nocturnal omwe ali ndi chilala amawononga masamba, inflorescence ndi masamba. Ndi kuchuluka kwa tizilombo, zovuta zake zimatha kukhala zowononga. Chifukwa chake, kulimbaku kumayambira pasadakhale pamene agulugufe amayikira mazira, kapena kumayambiriro kwa masika masamba asanatseguke, mpaka mbozi zitawonekera.
Kuyambira theka lachiwiri la chilimwe, mbozi zimasanduka pupae wobisala m'makola a makungwa kapena pakuwuma, masamba wokutidwa. Kupewa kufalikira kwam'mera kwa nthomba zomwe zikuwoneka pachithunzichi, kupewetsa nkhondo yolimbana ndi izi kungathandize:
- kusonkhanitsa ndi kuwonongedwa kwa masamba agwa;
- kuyeretsa thunthu ndi kudulira nthambi;
- kusanja kanyumba ka kangaude ndi ma mbozi;
- kupha mazira;
- Kusintha kwakukulu kwa mitengo yazipatso pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala azitsamba ndi mankhwala.
Munga wa Plum
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi mapiko osachepera masentimita sikupanga chithunzi cha mdani wamphamvu kwambiri, komabe, mphutsi zake 5 mm zitha kuyambitsa kuchepa kwakukulu.
Yaikazi imayikira mazira mu ovary yatsopano, pambuyo pake mphukirayo imakula mwachangu mkati mwa fupa, kudya ndi kuzipangitsa kuti zipatso zosakhwima zizigwa kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Ngati mukusiya scavenger pansi pa mtengo, nthenga za maula ndizowoneka bwino. Ndipo ndi kuyamba kwa maluwa mu nthawi ya masika, zaka zaunyamata, zokonzekera kuyikira mazira a tizilombo, ziyamba.
Popewa kuukira, thumba losunga mazira limawonongedwa, ndipo chithandizo cha maula chitatha maluwa, patadutsa masiku 7-10 patatha kugwa, imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati njira yothanirana. Kupanda kutero, kupewa ndi kuwononga tizilombo tambiri sikunayankhe.
Mulingo wakuzama: njira zovutikira
Alinso ndi nkhanambo kapena nkhanambo yabodza, osamalira maluwa a novice nthawi zambiri samatha kudziwa tiziromboti, amatenga tizilombo toopsa tomwe timayendetsa nyemba kapena kutumphuka pa khungwa.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti mitundu iwiri yonseyi imadziwika ndi kusuntha pang'ono komanso kubisa bwino. Kuyamwa achinyamata mphukira ndi masamba a masamba, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timatulutsa timabowo ndipo timavulala, timadyedwe timadziti tambiri. Amuna okha ndi achinyamata omwe amatha kusuntha.
Ndi kugonja kwakukulu kwa plums, makamaka mbande zosakhwima zimafooka, masamba ake amawuma ndikugwa, ndipo nthawi zina mitengo imataya zipatso zake ngakhale kufa. Ngati patapita nthawi simukuyesetsa kuthana ndi chishango chachikulu pakukama, zinthu zimavuta. Tizilombo timachulukirachulukira, timaberekana tomwe timayamwa mosavuta.
Mosiyana ndi chikopa chaching'ono chokhala ndi chishango chokhazikika, chishango chabodza chimakhala ngati gawo. Nthawi yomweyo, silimakula limodzi ndi khungwa, ndiye kuti, lingathe kupatukana ndimakaniko, ndipo silimatulutsa mame.
Njira zoyeserera zishango zabodza mu sinki zimasiyana pang'ono ndi zomwe zimatengedwa mutakhala zikopa. Tizilombo timachotseredwa ndi burashi ndikuwombera mankhwalawo pogwiritsa ntchito palafini ndi sopo wochapira kapena madzi osamba.
Ngati madera akuluakulu adaphimbidwa ndi tizirombo, ndipo njira zapakhomo sizithandiza, amatembenukira ku zida zoteteza zamankhwala, akumapereka chithandizo zingapo zamankhwala pang'onopang'ono mkati mwa sabata.
Plum aphid
Green plum aphid ndi tizilombo tomwe timayamwa zomwe zimachepetsa mbewu ndikuchepetsa kukula kwa mitengo. Choyambirira, tizilombo timakhazikika pa masamba achichepere ndi masamba atsopano, osatupa, ndikupanga siliva wobiriwira. Kulimbana ndi tizilombo tambiri, monga chithunzi, ndi zovuta ndi:
- kubereka mwachangu;
- kuthekera kwa akazi kuuluka kuchokera pamtengo kupita kumtengo;
- nsabwe za m'masamba zofalikira ndi nyerere.
Pofuna kupewa kuwononga mbewu, kudulira korona kumachitika mchaka ndi nthawi yophukira, mphukira ndi mizu yoonda zimachotsedwa nthawi zonse, ndipo mikanda yosaka imakhazikitsidwa ndipo nthambi zamitengo ya zipatso zimayeretsedwa.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Komabe, chithandizo cha maula kuchokera ku nsabwe za m'masamba pambuyo pokuka maluwa bwino kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwachilengedwe potengera fodya kapena kulowetsedwa sopo, madzi ampiru kapena decoction yamapamwamba a phwetekere.
Chikumbuwa chakuda komanso chachikasu
Zomera zonse za maula zimakhudzidwa ndi chingwe cha sera. Zowonongekazo zimayambitsidwa ndi mphutsi za tizilombo zomwe zimawononga masamba ndi mazira.
Gulugufe wakuda amayambitsa nthawi ya kutuphuka. M'maluwa osagwirizana, mkazi wamkulu amaikira mazira, kusandulika mphutsi. Poyambirira kukula, tizilombo timadyera thupi la thumba losunga mazira, kenako ndikupatsira masamba, ndikuwatembenuza mafupa okhala ndi masamba opanda ubweya.
Chikumbutso chachikasu, kupatula maula pawokha, sichimanyoza zipatso zamtundu wina. Zovuta wazomera zimawoneka pamasamba ndi zipatso. Ngati simukuchitapo kanthu mwachangu ndipo osachita nawo kupewa, kugonja kudzakhala kwakukulu.
Monga njira yoteteza, kumasula nthaka mozungulira tsinde pansi pa chisoti chonse cha mtengowu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti musanyalanyaze izi zoyambira masika komanso nyengo isanazizire. Asanayambe maluwa, kuwonjezera pa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala ophera tizirombo, kuchotsa tizirombo tomwe timagwedezeka pa chinsalu chotambalala kapena zinthu zosakonzeka. M'chilimwe, mwachifundo amachotsa ndi kuwononga zipatso zomwe zakhudzidwa.
