Kolquitia

Chomera chotulutsa kolkvitsiya (Kolkwitzia) ndi cha mtundu wina wapabanja la banja laling'ono la Linnaeus. Mitundu iyi imayimiriridwa ndi mtundu umodzi wokha - kolquition yosangalatsa kapena yokongola (Kolkwitzia amabilis), yomwe ndi shrub. Mwachilengedwe, mbewu ngati imeneyi imapezeka kumapiri a Central China, komanso kumadera ena kotentha. Chitsamba chotere chidatchedwa R. Kolkwitz wa ku Germany. Zinayambitsidwa ku maiko aku Europe mu 1901, pomwe maluwa oyamba a mbewu yotereyi panthawi yovomerezeka adadziwika mu 1910.

Mawonekedwe a quolction

Colquitia ndi chitsamba chowoneka bwino chomwe chimafikira mamita 2-3,5. Pamwamba pa zitsamba zazing'ono pali kupindika, komwe kumakhala ndi tsitsi lalifupi, pomwe mphukira zakale zimakutidwa ndi khunguwa lofiirira, limasungunuka ndi mbale, zomwe zimachitika kwa onse oimira banja la honeysuckle. Ngati zinthu zili bwino kwa ma colquitia, ndiye kuti ali ndi mphukira yolimba. Masamba ophatikizika amitundu yokhala ndi mawonekedwe owundana ndi utoto wonenepa wobiriwira amatha kutalika masentimita 3.5-8. M'dzinja, masamba ake amakhala achikasu. Maluwa ooneka ngati belu asanu okongola amakhala ndi mtundu wachikaso wowoneka bwino mkati ndi pinki panja. Maluwa odabwitsa mosakhalitsa amakhala pafupifupi theka la mwezi kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi chilimwe. Pali maluwa ambiri motero chifukwa cha iwo nkosatheka kuwona masamba. Zouma zipatso zazifupi.

Kukula kwa quolquitia poyera

Nthawi yoti afike

Kuti mubzale colquisition, muyenera kusankha nthawi yamasika, pomwe dothi limatentha bwino. Tsambalo likuyenera kukhala lotentha komanso kutetezedwa ndi mphepo zamkuntho, ngati mungafune, mutha kukulitsa ulemuwo mumthunzi wocheperako. Kumbukirani kuti madera omwe amaphimbidwa ndi madzi osungunuka nthawi yayitali sakhala oyenera kubzala chitsamba ichi. Dothi liyenera kukhala lopatsa thanzi, lopepuka, losalowerera komanso lopopera madzi.

Zowongolera

Dzenje lofikira liyenera kukonzedwa theka la mwezi tsiku loti lifike. Pakuya, iyenera kukhala pafupifupi 0,4 m, pomwe kutalika kwake ndi m'lifupi mwake kungasiyane ndi 0,5 mpaka 0.6 mamita, Kenako, dzenjelo liyenera kuphimbidwa ndi dothi losakanikirana, lomwe limayenera kukhala ndi dothi, dothi lonyowa komanso humus (1: 2 : 2). Kuposa konkre, kusakaniza koteroko kumapangidwa bwino ndikukhazikika.

Ndikofunika kusankha mbande zodzala zomwe zili ndi zaka 1 kapena ziwiri. Musanabzale chomera panthaka, pofunika kufupikitsa mizu yayitali kwambiri. Kenako mmera umayikidwa mu dzenje lokonzedwa, lomwe limadzazidwa ndi dothi lomwelo, komabe, ndikofunikira kutsanulira chidebe china cha phulusa la nkhuni kapena kuchokera pa magalamu 80 mpaka 130 a feteleza wopopera. Kumbukirani kukumbira dothi bwino. Chomera chobzalidwa chimafuna kuthirira kwambiri. Madziwo atakwiririka pansi, nthaka yopanda thunthu iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi mulch.

Samalirani chivomerezicho m'munda

Mukamakulitsa colquitium, ndikofunikira kuganizira kuti dothi loyandikana nalo lisanayime konse. Pakathirira madzi akumwa, omwe sayenera kuzizira.

Kuti chitsamba chikule komanso kukula bwino, chimafunika kudyetsedwa munthawi yake. Chapakatikati, kulowetsedwa kwa mullein kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pazomwezi (1), pomwe milungu yoyambirira yachilimwe yankho la superphosphate iwiri (10 l lamadzi kuchokera 30 mpaka 50 magalamu a zinthu) limawonjezeredwa. Pachitsamba chimodzi, tengani malita 10 a zosakaniza.

Maluwa atakwaniritsidwa, sikuthekanso kudyetsa mbewuyo, koma pofunikira kuchita kudulira koyenera. Kumapeto kwenikweni kwa nyengo, muzichotsa mphukira zazing'ono zonse zomwe zinalibe nthawi yoti zipse kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachisanu. Chapakatikati, muyenera kudulira mwaukhondo, chifukwa muyenera kudula onse ovulala, owuma, owonongeka ndi chisanu, tizirombo kapena nthambi zamatenda ndi zimayambira, komanso zomwe zimapangitsa chitsamba. Munthawi yonse ya chilimwe, zidzakhala zofunikira kuchotsa mizu yake mu nthawi yake, yomwe imakula kwambiri mokhazikika pamikhalidwe yabwino.

Thirani

Chitsamba choterocho chimalekerera kuti ndikusunthidwa bwino kwambiri. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukumba chitsamba mosamala, osayesa kuvulaza mizu yake, kenako imasunthidwa mosamala ku dzenje lobzala lokonzekera, lomwe liyenera kuphimbidwa ndi dothi losakanizika ndi michere. Chitsamba chobwezerezedwachi chimafunikira kuthirira kokwanira. Mukamaliza kuthira madziwo m'nthaka, pamwamba pa thunthu moyenera muyenera kutakutira ndi mulch.

Kuswana

Zomera zotere zimatha kufesedwa ndi njere (yobala), komanso ndi imodzi yamphukira - ndikuyala, kudula ndikudula chitsamba.

Mbewu njira

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali kukulitsa ququitia ku mbewu ndipo sizimatha bwino. Pakusinthika, mbewu zimayikidwa mufiriji pakashelefu kamasamba kwa miyezi itatu. Zofesedwa mu Epulo, ndikugwiritsa ntchito thanki yayitali yodzazidwa ndi zosakaniza zamtundu wa nthaka, zomwe zimaphatikizapo peat, dothi la m'munda ndi mchenga. Chotetezeracho chikuyenera kuvekedwa ndi kanema ndikusinthidwa kumalo otentha. Mbande zifunikira kukhala zokulira m'nyumba mpaka nthawi yophukira yotsatira.

Kugawanitsa

Fotokozerani chitsamba mwakugawa chitsamba pobereka. Pofukufuku, kuyang'ana mozama mizu kuyenera kupangidwa, pomwe mizu youma ndi yowongoka imayenera kuchotsedwa. Kenako chitsamba chimadulidwa m'magawo angapo, pomwe chikuyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti Delenka iliyonse imayenera kukhala ndi mizu yolimba komanso mizu yolimba. Malo omwe mabala amayenera kuwaza ndi malasha osweka. Bzalani Delenki mu maenje okonzeka. Izi zimachitika chimodzimodzi monga koyamba ikamatera.

Kuyika

Mizu yokhala ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira kubereka. Mphukira yosankhidwa iyenera kuti igwadire pansi ndikuyika poyambira. Pamalo omwe mphukira ikulumikizana ndi dothi, kuyikika kuyenera kupangidwa ndikuthandizidwa ndi wothandizila kukula. Mphukira ndi okhazikika pamalowo ndikuwakutidwa ndi dothi, pomwe kumtunda kwake kumayenera kukhala kwaulere. Munthawi yachilimwe, musaiwale kuthirira magawo munthawi yake kuti dothi lozungulira malowo nthawi zonse likhale lonyowa. Pakapita kanthawi pang'ono, mizu imakula kuchokera ku impso zomwe zimabisidwa mobisa. Ndikothekera kupatulira zigawozo ndikuziyika m'malo atsopano kumapeto kwamasika.

Kufalikira kwa kolquition ndi odulidwa

Kufalikira ndi kudulidwa kumachitika mu nthawi yophukira ndi yophukira. Chifukwa chake, m'mwezi wa Meyi, kudula theka-lignified kumadulidwa, komwe kumadzalidwa mu mphika lodzaza ndi dothi losakaniza mbande. Kwa nyengo yozizira, chidebe ichi chimachotsedwa kupita kuchipinda chofunikira ngati mukufuna. Kukololedwa mu yophukira kudula muzu bwino. Kuti muchite izi, kudula odulidwa mu nthawi yophukira kuyenera kukulidwa ndi polyethylene ndikuyika pansi, kumapeto kumachizidwa ndi Kornevin ndikubzala mu wowonjezera kutentha komwe amakhala mpaka nthawi yophukira yotsatira. Pakubzala dothi lotseguka, mmera woterewu umayenera kutengedwa limodzi ndi mtanda wopanda dothi. Pambuyo pa zaka 1 kapena ziwiri mutabzala m'malo okhazikika, zitsamba izi zimayamba kuphuka.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Zomera zotere sizigwirizana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, komabe, ngati kunja kuli kotentha, ndiye kuti akangaude, nsabwe za m'masamba kapena zotupa zimakhazikika pach chitsamba. Kuti muchotse tizirombo toyamwa timene timayamwa madziwo pachomera, gwiritsani ntchito yankho la acaricide (Actara kapena Actellika), mudzafunika chithandizo chambiri 2 kapena 3, pomwe nthawi yopuma pakati pawo ndi masiku 7. Komanso, mbozi zomwe zimadya masamba ake zimatha kukhazikika. Ndi ochepa ochepa a iwo, zosonkhanitsa pamanja ziyenera kuchitidwa. Ngati pali mbozi zochulukirapo, ndiye kuti mankhwalani chitsamba ndi tizirombo.

Pambuyo maluwa

Ngati, malinga ndi kulosera kwa nyengo, nthawi yozizira sipakhala matalala komanso ozizira kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuphimba khola. Kutentha kwa mlengalenga kukakhala pang'onopang'ono, ndikofunikira kuti mudzaze chithunzicho kukula kwa mawonekedwe a korona ndi peat, tchipisi zamatanda kapena makungwa, makulidwe ake akhale kuyambira masentimita 10 mpaka 12. Ngati chitsamba sichinakwanitse zaka 5, ndiye kuti chimapinda nthaka, yokutidwa ndi nthambi zina, ndipo nthawi yozizira chimayala chipale chofewa. Ngati angafune, korona wa mbewuyo atakulungidwa ndi spanbond kapena lutrasil, amangochotsa mu theka lachiwiri la Epulo, mpweya utatha pamwamba pa zero. Ngati nthawi yozizira imakhala yozizira kwambiri, ndiye kuti kukhazikika kumawuma, koma kasupeyo amachira msanga. Nthawi yomweyo, odziwa zamaluwa azindikira kuti mbewuyo ikamakula, imakulirapo chisanu.

Kukula m'malo apansi

Ngati mukukula m'magawo okhala ndi nyengo yozizira, ndiye kuti mphukira zake zazing'ono sizikhala ndi nthawi yokwanira kukhwima nyengo yachisanu isanayambike, chifukwa chake nthawi yachilimwe mumatha kuwona nsonga zouma pachitsamba. Ayenera kudula masamba asanafike pachimake. Kuti mphukira ziphulike mwachangu pamene tchire limamasuka, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kuthirira, kusiya kudyetsa, ndikuzazanso bwalo lozungulira-loleza ndi mulch (peat kapena kompositi yolumikizidwa ndi utuchi kapena masamba), makulidwe ake omwe amayenera kukhala kuyambira masentimita 5 mpaka 10. Izi sizingoteteza mizu ya mbewuyi ku chisanu yozizira, komanso kuikakamiza kuti ipeze michere. Chakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, pafupifupi achinyamata onse akakula amafunika kudulidwa. Nthawi yomweyo, zimayambira limodzi ndi achinyamata ochepa omwe akuyenera kukhala pachitsamba.