Violet amatengedwa ngati chomera chamkati chosakanikirana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Duwa lokongola ili likufunika chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro chokhazikika. Saintpaulia ili ndi tsinde losakhwima kwambiri, chifukwa chake, nthawi zonse ikakhala chinthu chomenyedwa ndi tizirombo, chomwe tiyenera kutaya. Kuphatikiza apo, imatengeka ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
Chisamaliro Choyenera cha Violet
Alimi a maluwa akuyesera kutsatira malamulo ena. Mwachitsanzo, kuti duwa limve bwino kunyumba ndikukula bwino, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti malo ali pafupi kwambiri ndi masamba. Senpolia ndi malo otentha a ku East Africa omwe ndi otentha komanso otentha. Kuphwanya madzi, kutentha, kuwunika kapena kayendetsedwe ka mpweya, duwa limafooka, ndipo pambali pake, kukana kwake ma tizilombo tosiyanasiyana kumawonongeka.
Ziwawa zimakonda kutentha, motero muyenera kuzisunga m'chipinda kutentha kwa madigiri 20-25 popanda zojambula ndi mawonekedwe. Maluwa akaikidwa m'chipinda chozizira, ndiye kuti amasiya kukula. Kusungidwa kwa chomera pamitengo yotsika kwambiri ndikathirira pafupipafupi kumatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka osati kwa tsinde, komanso mizu. Kutentha kokwanira madigiri 30 kumakhudzanso nyamayo, kumapangitsa kuoneka ngati matenda obwera ndi bakiteriya.
Saintpaulia imakonda usana, mwanjira ina, kuwala kofewa ndi kosakanikirakoma osati wowala kwambiri. Ndi kuchepa kwa nyali, duwa limaleka kutulutsa, ndikuwonjezerapo - masamba amasiya kutulutsa bwino, amasanduka mawanga ndi kutembenukira chikasu.
Thanzi la duwa lokongola limadaliranso dothi, chifukwa kudzera mmenemu nthawi zambiri mumapezeka matenda ndi tizirombo. Dziko lapansi mumphika liyenera kukhala lopatsa thanzi, lotayirira, lopepuka, lotulutsa madzi ochulukirapo ndikulowetsa mpweya wabwino. Violet ali ndi mizu yosalimba kwambiri, yomwe mu dothi lolemera lomwe limakhazikitsidwa ndi dimba lamdimba limawonongeka ndikutsitsa madzi. Kuti mupewe izi, ndikofunikira kuti pakuyambiranso dothi sabata imodzi musanadzale maluwa.
Senpolis amakonda kwambiri nthawi Dothi silonyowa koma lonyowachifukwa mbewuyo imayimira madera otentha. Violet sayenera kuthiriridwa kapena kupopera madzi ndi madzi oundana. Kuti mumve chinyezi chofunikira, mapoto amaluwa amaikidwa mumatayala opukutidwa ndi miyala, adakulitsa dongo ndi sphagnum, kapenanso amachita kupopera pang'ono.
Dothi lomwe lili mumphika wamaluwa ndi acidic, ndiye kuti lili ndi pH pansipa 5, masamba ake amasintha chikasu kumapeto, phosphates limaleka kusungunuka, ndipo duwa limakulirakulira. Zikatero, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya dolomite yopangira supuni imodzi ya ufa ndi malita asanu amadzi kuthirira violets. M'dothi lamchere, chomera chanyumba chimasiya kukula ndikutembenuka. Ndikofunika kuthiririra madzi munthaka iyi ndi chisakanizo chopezeka kuchokera ku malita a 2,5 a madzi ndi supuni ya viniga.
Tizilombo zoyipa za senpolia
Zomera zimakhala zowopsa chifukwa zimasokoneza masamba a violet. M'malo mwa kuluma kwatsala mawanga ofiira kapena ofiira. Yaikazi ya kachilombo kameneka imatha kuwoneka pa dothi, ngati kuti ikuphimbidwa ndi mandala oyera. Tizilombo timakhala m'makhola ndi masamba a masamba, pamiyendo. Ngati mukupeza louse waubweya pa violet, ndiye kuti muyenera kuchitira duwa motere:
- Fitoferm;
- Actara;
- Madalo.
Popewa, pakubzala mbewu ikani bazudin mumiphika.
Kupindika kakang'ono kumatha kuwononga nyamayi. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timagwera pamaluwa timabweretsa zomera kapena popula fluff. Zimakhudza stamens ndi anther, poyenda mozungulira chomera. Kuti muthane nawo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Akarin, Vertimek, Agravertin ndi Dantop.
Nthawi zambiri, senpolia imakhudzidwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, zomwe ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ta ubweya wakuda, wobiriwira kapena pabuka. Nsabwe za m'mimba zimatha kuwoneka pamtengo komanso masamba. Chifukwa cha tizirombo, timatulutsa tating'ono ndipo timafa. Kuti muwachotse, violet amayenera kuthiridwa ndi yankho lomwe limapezeka kuchokera kunyumba kapena sopo wophera tizilombo. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kuwachitira ndi kulowetsedwa kwa fodya kapena kuyika chingwe kapena ma ladybugs pamaluwa. Ngati mbewuyo ili ndi madera ochulukirapo, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Zovala zambiri zimagwidwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nkhupakupa:
- Ukonde wa kangaude wofiira. Imasiya masamba ofiira kumbuyo kwake, ikazunguliridwa ndi ma capubs, chifukwa, masamba amasintha mawonekedwe ndikuwuma.
- Cyclamen. Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono timatha kuwoneka pamasamba ang'onoang'ono omwe ali pakatikati, ndikusiya madontho achikasu.
- Ukonde wa kangaude Chingwe choterocho chimakhudzidwa ndi masamba akunja a nyansi, chifukwa cha omwe mawanga osakanizika amawoneka.
Tizilombo tikapezeka, duwa liyenera kuthandizidwa ndi phytoderm, acarin kapena actellik.
Matenda wamba a senpolia okhala ndi chithunzi
Powdery mildew
Matendawa fungalat imakhudza mbewu zambiri zamkati. Imadziwoneka yokha ndi mawonekedwe oyera pepala loyera pamasamba. Komabe, kuchotsa maluwa kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Imalimbikitsa mapangidwe a powdery mildew chinyezi komanso kutentha pang'ono m'chipindacho. Mankhwala otsatirawa athandiza kuthana ndi matendawa: saprol, baytleton ndi topazi. Ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kuzisintha. Sulfur amadziwikanso kuti ndi mankhwala abwino kwambiri a powdery mildew. Choyamba, amafunika kufinya ufa, kenako ndikuphimba ndi duwa ndi polyethylene.
Chovuta mochedwa
Saintpaulia ikadwala matendawa, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti ayambe kulandira chithandizo munthawi yake, apo ayi mbewuyo imafa msanga. Blight imakhudzana ndi zimayambira, pamapeto pake amakhala ndi bulauni. Ndi matendawa, masamba amagwa kwambiri, ndikuwonetsa thunthu. Maonekedwe ake amakwiyitsa bowa yemwe amalowa m'malo omwe akhudzidwa ndi duwa kapena mizu.
Mankhwalawa atagwiritsidwa ntchito mochedwa, nyamayo imayenera kutulutsidwa mu mphika ndikuchira yang'anani mizu. Mizu yonse yovunda iyenera kuchotsedwa. Kutanthauzira ndikosavuta - ali ndi mawonekedwe a bulauni. Mizu ikakhudzidwa kwathunthu, ndibwino kudula tsinde ndi lezala. Chifukwa chokhacho chimatha kuzika mizu m'madzi pansi pa pulasitiki. Pambuyo pa izi, ndikofunikira kubzala violet m'nthaka yatsopano ndi poto.
Fusarium Wowopsa
Matendawa amapezeka pafupipafupi ngati woperekayo aphwanya zomwe zikuyenera kukula:
- Gwiritsani ntchito mphika wambiri;
- Chimateteza mbewu ku kutentha kwakuthwa;
- Imathira madzi ozizira kwambiri;
- Anabzala duwa lolemera kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Zonsezi zimabweretsa kuti njira zamaluwa Fusarium imayambitsa bowa. Zimayambitsa kuwola kwa petioles za masamba ndi mizu. Matendawa amatha kupezeka mosavuta, chifukwa akatenga kachilomboka, masamba amtunduwu amakhala otuwa komanso amagwa, ndipo mizu imadetsedwa ndikulekana ndi nthaka. Popewa kupezeka kwa matenda otere, ndikofunikira kuthirira violet ndi fundozole nthawi ndi nthawi. Zomera zamkati zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimayenera kuthandizidwa ndi fungicides, kuchotsa maluwa onse owuma ndi malo owonongeka.
Gray zowola
Ngati pamalopo pazimera pathupi panu pamakhala maluwa, masamba ndi masamba, ndiye kuti mukuwoneka bowa wa botritis. Nthenda yotereyi pakanthawi kochepa imatha kuphimba maluwa onse, ndikuwatsogolera kuimfa. Zovunda zachikuda zimakonda kudumphira limodzi ndi zinyalala m'nthaka. Amathamanga zimapatsira mbewu zinandi spores of fungasi ya botritis imatha kupezeka m'nthaka iliyonse. Ndi chifukwa ichi kuti dziko lapansi liyenera kuzunguliridwa mufiriji ndikuthira pansi ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate.
Popewa mavuto amenewa, ndikofunikira kuchotsa nthawi yomweyo zofiirira za Saintpaulia, ndikugwiritsa ntchito fungicides pamaluwa omwe akukhudzidwa. Osamasunga mbewu zowola, azithamangitsidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi dothi. Monga njira yodzitetezera, musadzaze madzi a Uzumbar violet, kupatula apo musalole lakuthwa kutentha.
Dzimbiri
Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha dzimbiri. Ngati mbewuyo yakhudzidwa ndi dzimbiri, ndiye kuti mbali zonse ziwiri za tsamba zotupa zofiirira zofiirira zimawonekera. Kucha kuchuluka kwa bowa, madzi pang'ono pamasamba ndikokwanira, komanso kutentha konyowa komanso kotentha m'chipindacho.
Koma kumbukirani kuti mawanga omwe amapezeka pama sheet a violets sikuti nthawi zonse amakhala chizindikiro cha matendawa. Madontho achikasu amatha kuwoneka pamalowo ngati atayima pamalo osavomerezeka. Kuwala kosakwanira, kusanja bwino ndi kuwongolera dzuwa nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa mabowo ndi kukongoletsa masamba.
Ndi zochulukirapo feteleza, nanenso chikasu cha masamba chimawonedwa, chifukwa chake, onetsetsani kuti mukuwona kuchuluka kwake pakukonzekera kuvala zovala zapamwamba za violets, komanso kutsatira malangizo a akatswiri azolimo pazomwe akugwiritsa.
