Mpweya ndi masamba osatha obiriwira omwe amakhala osakhazikika patali. Chomera chimakhala ndi mizu yopingasa yomwe ili pamwamba panthaka. Masamba a masamba ndi xiphoid, ochepa mzere ndi mzere wozungulira. Amapangidwa mozungulira mozungulira tsinde, osakanikirana.
Zambiri
Mphepo imakhala ndi lalifupi pang'onopang'ono, ndipo imakhala ndi maluwa obiriwira ataliatali. Chikhalidwe cha tsoka ndi epiochoria, ndiye kuti, zipatso zake zimanyamulidwa ndi nyama ndi mbalame. Pakati Russia, mbewuyo siyabala zipatso. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa asayansi, a gangus ali ndi mitundu isanu ndi umodzi, koma ndi mitundu iwiri yokha yaiyo yomwe imadziwika.
Mwachilengedwe, mpweya umatha kupezeka osati kokha m'mphepete mwa dziwe, komanso m'malo onyowa. Dziko lokhalamo mbewuyi ndi Asia Minor, ndipo kufalitsa kwake padziko lonse lapansi kumalumikizidwa ndi kulowerera kwa goli la Mongol-Chitata.
Ambiri olima dimba omwe ali ndi dziwe patsamba lawo amagwiritsa ntchito zovuta kuzikongoletsa. Kusamalira mbewu ndikosavuta. Amakonda chinyezi, kotero kukulitsa m'mphepete mwa dziwe ndi njira yabwino.
Mitundu ndi mitundu yamatsoka
Kalulu marsh (wamba) - mbewuyo imafikira masentimita 120. Maluwa amatenga kuyambira Meyi mpaka Julayi. Maluwa amaperekedwa ngati makutu oyera. Garden magazus imakhala ndi mikwingwirima masamba a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kutengera mitundu. Chapakatikati, amakhala ndi utoto wofiirira, ndipo pakugwa amakhala zonona.
Kal albovariegatus - mbewu imakula mpaka 40 cm. Dziko lakwawo ndi East Asia. Imakhala ndi masamba obiriwira, xiphoid amtundu wakuda wokhala ndi mikwaso yoyera. Limamasulidwa kuyambira koyambirira kwa Meyi mpaka pakati pa Julayi.
Air aureovariegatus - mbewu yobadwira ku East Asia. Mphepo imakhala ndi masamba obiriwira ozungulira-okhala ndi malekezero akuthwa komanso mikwingwirima yachikasu yotalika. Zosiyanasiyana zimakula mpaka 40 cm. Limamasula kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka pakati pa chilimwe. Maluwa amawonetsedwa mwa mawonekedwe a zipatso zazitali zobiriwira.
Calam chinangwa - Matenda amtunduwu ndifupikitsa, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 10 okha. Masamba a chomera ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira wowoneka bwino. Zili mzere wozungulira komanso zolozera kumalekezero. M'lifupi mwake masentimita amafika masentimita 5. Maluwa a calamu ndi ochepa kwambiri, achikasu obiriwira. Amapanikizana mwamphamvu motsutsana, ndikupanga chifuwa chachitali, kutulutsa kuyambira koyambirira kwa Meyi mpaka pakati pa Julayi.
Mlengalengagasgatus - ndi chomera choteteza ku herbaceous chofika kutalika kwa mita 1. Pa tsinde pali masamba obiriwira a xiphoid okhala ndi masamba achikasu. Calamus limamasula mkatikati mwa chilimwe kuyambira Juni mpaka Julayi. Amadziwika ndi kukana chisanu komanso matenda.
Mphepo yam'mlengalenga - mbewu imafikira masentimita 30. Mlengalenga saopa chisanu ndi tizilombo. Mwambiri, umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera cham'madzi. Mitundu iyi imaphatikizapo mitundu ingapo yokhala ndi mikwaso yoyera ndi yachikaso pamapale a masamba.
Kal americanus - Mavuto osiyanasiyana amtunduwu amapezeka kumpoto kwa America. Zosiyanasiyana ndizosakanikirana ndipo sizitha matenda ndi tizirombo. Limamasuka kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka pakati pa zaka. Kutalika kwake, mbewuyo imafikira masentimita 120. Masamba a calamu ndi aatali, opapatiza, obiriwira owala bwino.
Kubzala mpweya ndi kusamalira poyera
Kubzala, malo onyowa ndi dothi labwino amasankhidwa. Ndikwabwino kubzala tsoka m'mphepete mwa dothi lomwe lili ndi matope. Nthaka isanabzalidwe imayenera kumasulidwa ndikuchotsa udzu. Mpweya uyenera kubzalidwa pamthunzi.
Kudzala chinyezi chambiri mosiyanasiyana, kumayenera kumizidwa m'madzi kwa masentimita 20, kuphatikiza mitundu yonseyo, kungokhala 10. M'nyengo yozizira, mbewuyo imatha kukumbidwa ndikukula m'nthaka yothiridwa poto wamba.
Mlengalenga sakonda kukoka. Kutentha kwabwino kwa iye m'chilimwe kumachokera ku 18 mpaka 22 madigiri, ndipo nthawi yozizira mbewuyo imatha kupirira kutentha kwa madigiri 15 mpaka 18.
Kutsatira maupangiri osavuta awa, a magazus amatha kukhala okulirapo kwa zaka zambiri, amasilira mawonekedwe ake okongoletsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopindulitsa pochiza matenda ambiri.
Calendula alinso chomera chomera ndipo chimamera nthawi yobzala ndi chisamaliro panthaka. Mtengowo sukusangalatsa, komabe muyenera kutsatira malamulo angapo aukadaulo aulimi. Mutha kupeza malingaliro onse ofunikira m'nkhaniyi.
Kuthirira vuto
Nyowetsani nthaka panthaka za masoka pafupipafupi. Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala kambiri, popeza mbewuyo imakonda chinyezi. Nthaka siyenera kupukuta konse, apo ayi mbewuyo sidzafa.
Malangizowa akukhudza vuto lomwe limakula m'mphepete mwa nyanjayo komanso m'miphika yomwe ili pawindo. Chomera chobzalidwa m'madzi sichifunika kuthirira.
Nthaka yovuta
Ngati mavuto obzala m'madziwe, dothi losakanikirana ndi sludge, lomwe lili pansi, limapatsa thanzi kale ndipo silifunikira kukonzekera mwapadera.
Mukabzala mbewu pagombe la dziwe, dothi liyenera kukumbidwa choyamba ndikuwonjezera peat, kompositi ndi dongo. Mukukula chomera mumphika, gawo lapansi liyenera kukhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, tomwe timakhala ndi mchenga mu chiyerekezo cha 2: 1: 2. M'malo mwa turf, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito sludge.
Kuika calamasi
Kubzala mbewu kumachitika mchaka, pomwe palibenso vuto lakuzizira kapena kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yophukira. Imachitika pawiri: kusamutsa tsoka kumalo atsopano ndikakula.
Pothira chitsamba, chizikumbidwa mosamala komanso ndi dothi "lobowo", lomwe limasungidwa ku dothi lokonzedwa kale. Zomera zimayamba kumera patatha mwezi umodzi. Pakadali pano, ndizowopsa ndipo zimafunikira chisamaliro.
Kalulu kuvala
Kuyamba kumiza manyowa zizikhala kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yakula. Kuyambira mu Epulo mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika kamodzi pamwezi. Kwambiri, mmera umafunikira feteleza m'chilimwe.
Ngati chovala chapamwamba, ndikofunikira kusankha kukonzekera kwa hydroponic kapena feteleza wazomera zomera. Komabe, ena mwamaluwa amakhulupirira kuti sikofunikira kudyetsa masoka, chifukwa feteleza adzatsogolera pakuphatikizika kwa algae.
Maluwa ovuta
Wamtundu waung'ono wobiriwira wamkati wamtundu wautali wosonkhanitsidwa pamodzi umapangidwa wautali wowoneka bwino.
Zomera zambiri zimaphukira kumapeto kwa Meyi mpaka pakati pa Juni, koma mitundu yambiri yamvula, maluwa amatenga kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
Kalulu kudulira
Dulani mbewu kuti isakule kwambiri. Pofika m'dzinja, musakhudze masamba owuma.
Amachichotsa mu chilimwe, pomwe mphukira zatsopano zimayamba kuwonekera.
Kukonzekera masoka nthawi yachisanu
Kukonzekeretsa chomera nthawi yachisanu ndikosavuta. Dzuwa lodziwika bwino limadziwika chifukwa cha chisanu chambiri chifukwa chake limatha kukhala nthawi yozizira padziwe. Komabe, kuti nyengo yachisanu idutse mwachizolowezi, sikofunikira kuchotsa masamba owongoka, chifukwa ndi omwe atetezere kuzizira.
Mitundu ya chimanga ya mbewuyo siyilekerera nyengo yachisanu panthaka, chifukwa chake chisanu chisanazizidwe imayenera kukumbidwa ndikuziika m'bokosi, ndikuisamutsa kuchipinda nthawi yachisanu.
Kufalitsa kwa calamu
Cinquefoil chofalitsidwa ndi mizu. Kuti mubzale chomera, chotsani mizu mosamala ndi madzi ndikuigawa m'magawo kuti aliyense wa iwo akhale ndi mwayi wokonzanso. Kenako, mbande zoyambira ziyenera kubzyala mozungulira panthaka.
Zoweta zakunyumba, mizu ikhoza kubzalidwa kaya muli muli ndi peat, kapena nthawi yomweyo mumiphika yokhala ndi gawo lapansi lokonzekera.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Mlengalenga mulibe matenda ndi tizirombo. Komabe, imathanso kuukira ndi kangaude, komwe kumayambitsa kupukutidwa ndi masamba. Mutha kuthana ndi izi mwa kupopera mankhwala ndi kachilombo ka Aktara.
Komanso, chifukwa cha hypothermia ya dothi, mizu yake imatha kuvunda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbewuyo ipere. Kuti mupewe vutoli, ndikofunikira kubzala masoka osati mthunzi wonse, koma pamalo osungika osungirako, kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa kuzitha kuthira nthaka.
Air zopindulitsa katundu ndi contraindication
Muzu wa calamu muli zambiri m'matumbo, glycosides, tannins, starch, mafuta ofunikira, mavitamini, ascorbic acid, ayodini komanso gulu lonse la zinthu. Kuphatikiza kwake kwa michere kumapatsa mbewuzo zipatso zabwino zofunikira m'thupi komanso kupewetsa matenda ambiri.
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, magazus ndiwothandiza kwambiri kwa thupi, kapena:
- imakhala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo;
- amachiritsa mabala bwino;
- imakonza chakudya cham'mimba;
- imayimitsa njira zotupa;
- calms mantha dongosolo;
- ali ndi diuretic ndi choleretic kwenikweni;
- Amathandizira kupenya kwamaso;
- kutsitsa kutentha;
- amalimbikitsa liquefaction ndi excretion wa ntchofu ku mapapo ndi bronchi;
- imapangitsa metabolic ndi lipid njira;
- amakulolani kuti musiye kusuta.
Komabe, pali zotsutsana ndi kagwiritsidwe kake. Sitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zilonda zam'mimba, vuto la impso, matenda oopsa, kugundana ndi msambo. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ochulukirapo omwe amachokera ku tsoka amatha kubweretsa kusanza.
Air marsh ntchito wowerengeka mankhwala
M'mankhwala azikhalidwe, gangus ndi yofala kwambiri.
- mankhwalawa akumwa zoledzeretsa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ochititsa chidwi, oyembekezera, okodzetsa komanso osokoneza bongo;
- phenus infusions ndi abwino antiseptics ndipo amathandiza kulimbana ndi matenda am'mimba;
- decoctions a mizu ya saberelnik kusintha chimbudzi, kuwonjezera kulakalaka, komanso ntchito chingamu matenda ndi tonillitis monga muzimu;
Zithandizo zambiri zakonzedwa kuchokera ku muzu wa magazus, wogwira bwino kwambiri womwe ndi ma tinctures ndi decoctions, maphikidwe angapo a mankhwalawa adzaperekedwa pansipa.
Kalamu tincture wa gastritis
Kuti mukonze tincture, muyenera kutenga 20 magalamu a mizu yodulidwa ya mcurus ndi kuwatsanulira ndi magalamu 100 a vodika, kusakaniza ndi kutsanulira mumtsuko wagalasi. Kenako ikani m'malo amdima kwa milungu iwiri.
Nthawi ikadutsa, vutani ndi kutenga madontho atatu patsiku, madontho 20 musanadye chakudya kwa milungu iwiri.
Tincture wa magazus ndi phula la mano
Kuti mukonze tincture, sakanizani magalamu 40 a mizu ya gangus ndi magalamu 20 a phula. Kenako mudzaze ndi theka la lita imodzi ya vodika ndikuyika m'malo amdima kwa sabata limodzi.
Ndipo makinidwewo atakonzeka, ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chophimba. Kuti muchite izi, phatikizani madontho 20 a chinthucho mu kapu yamadzi ofunda ndikutsuka dzino lomwe likudwala kawiri mpaka kasanu patsiku kwa sabata limodzi.
Kalamu tincture ndi calendula wamasomphenya
Pophika, sakanizani 1 tbsp. muzu wazipatso za dambudziko lausus komanso maluwa ofanana marigold. Kenako ikani osakaniza mu thermos ndikuthira madzi mamililita 500.
Ikani mankhwala kwa theka la ola, pambuyo pake liyenera kusefedwa. Tengani tincture uyenera kukhala chikho 1/3 katatu patsiku. Maphunzirowa ndi miyezi itatu.
Aira decoction ndi angina
Kuti mukonzekere msuzi, muyenera kutenga supuni 1 yamizu ya vuto ndi kuwathira ndi kapu ya madzi otentha.
Kenako wiritsani kusakaniza kwa madzi osamba kwa mphindi 20 ndikusiya kukonzekera kwa maola asanu. Pakapita nthawi, bwezerani msuzi ndipo mugwiritse ntchito ngati chingwe cha pakhosi.
Musanagwiritse ntchito ndalama zomwe zili pamwambazi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.
