Mtundu wa siderasis, wa banja la Commelinaceae (Commelinaceae), ali ndi nthumwi imodzi, wotchedwa brownish siderasis (Siderasis fuscata). Mwachilengedwe, imatha kupezeka m'nkhalango za kum'mawa kwa Brazil.
Chomera chamtundu wa herbaceous chitha kutalika masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Imakhala ndi tsinde lalifupi kwambiri ndipo ili ndi duwa lofiirira. Masamba ndi okulirapo komanso amtundu. Timapepala tosavuta tokhala ngati ma elliptical mawonekedwe, pafupi masentimita 10 mulifupi ndi 20 sentimita kutalika. Kutsogolo kwa masamba kuli penti wobiriwira komanso siliva, wobiriwira wobiriwira wobiriwira wapezeka pakati. Mbali yolakwika ndi yofiirira.
Maluwa ang'onoang'ono (mainchesi pafupifupi masentimita 2,5) amapaka utoto wofiirira ndi wa lilac ndipo amakhala ndi zoyera zoyera ngati chipale chofewa. Komanso, maluwa okhala ndi ma petals atatu amasonkhanitsidwa mumalo ambiri osati apical inflorescence-curls. Maluwa amamangiriridwa ndi maudongo, osati kutalika (masentimita 3-4). Zomera zimayambira mu Meyi ndi Okutobala.
Kukongoletsa kowoneka bwino kumapereka kukongoletsa kwapadera ku siderasis. Pafupifupi mbali zonse za duwa zimakutidwa ndi wokutira wokhala ndi tsitsi lalifupi. Chifukwa cha izi, mbewu idatchedwa dzina lachiwiri - "makutu abala".
Chisamaliro cha Kunyumba
Duwa ili silimawoneka kawiri konse mu chipinda, ndipo silimawonekanso kawirikawiri m'misika yamaluwa. Siderasis ndi chomera chachilendo kwambiri, ndipo eni ake amwayi ayenera kudziwa momwe angayisamalire bwino.
Kupepuka
Kuwala kofalikira kumafunikira, ndikuwala kuyenera kukhala pamlingo wa 2500-2700 lux. Imakula komanso kumera bwino pang'ono, komanso imamva bwino kwambiri ngati kuwala kowunikira ndipo kumatha kuchita popanda kuunika kwa dzuwa munthawiyi.
Chomera ichi, ndibwino kusankha sill yatsopano yomwe ili kumpoto kwa chipindacho. Ngati pakufunika kuyiyika kum'mwera, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichotse siderasis kutali ndi kutsegulira kwenera.
Mitundu yotentha
M'nyengo yotentha, imamva bwino pakumatha kutentha (madigiri 22-25). Ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yozizira, mutha kukonzanso duwa m'malo abwino (kuchokera madigiri 14 mpaka 16). Komabe, matenthedwe sayenera kutsikira pansi madigiri 14, chifukwa masamba achifundo amatha.
Momwe mungamwere
Kutsirira kumachitika ngati gawo louma. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito madzi osalala nthawi zonse. Palibe chifukwa madziwo akagwera masamba. Olima okhwima amalangizidwa kuti azitha kuthirira ndi pallet. Kuti muchite izi, thirani madzi mu poto lalikulu ndikuyika mphika. Pakapita kanthawi, madzi otsalawo ayenera kutsanuliridwa. Chifukwa chake, zazikulu, zomera zokulira ndizomwe zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zithiridwe madzi.
Kukhazikika kwamadzi munthaka sikuyenera kuloledwa, chifukwa mbewuyo imayamba kuvunda. Kuuma kwa gawo la dothi kungakhalenso kowononga, chifukwa mizu yofooka sisonkhanitsa chinyontho posungira ndipo chifukwa chake, duwa limayamba kumera msanga.
Chinyezi
Chinyezi chachikulu cha osachepera 70 peresenti chimafunika. Komabe, kupopera masamba masamba sikovomerezeka. Pofuna kuti chinyezi chikhale chokwera, mutha kuthira dongo lokhazikika mu poto ndikuthira madzi. Komanso pafupi ndi siderasis, mutha kuyika chitseko chotseguka chodzaza ndi madzi. Komabe, malo otagwiritsidwira ntchito kapena ma florariums ndi oyenera bwino kuti ulimidwe. Apa ndipomwe duwa limamverera bwino.
Kusakaniza kwadothi
Malo oyenera ayenera kukhala otayirira komanso olemera. Mutha kupanga dothi losakanikirana ndi manja anu ndikusakaniza humus ndi masamba amtundu, komanso mchenga wozungulira pazowerengera 1: 2: 1. Musaiwale za dambo labwino lokwanira, lomwe lingakuthandizeni kuti musasefukira.
Feteleza
Mavalidwe apamwamba amafunikira pokhapokha pakukula kwa chomera 2 pa mwezi. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wama mineral azinthu zokongoletsera komanso zomanga zipatso. Ndi nthawi yophukira, amadyetsa zochepa, ndipo nthawi yozizira sagwiritsa ntchito feteleza m'nthaka.
Zinthu Zogulitsa
Kuika zina nthawi zonse sikufunika chomera, chifukwa chimakula pang'onopang'ono. Monga lamulo, njirayi imachitika pokhapokha mizu itasiya kulowa mumphika. Pakujambulira, muyenera kutenga mphika wamaluwa pang'ono kuposa woyamba, koma nthawi yomweyo uyenera kukhala wotsika.
Kudulira
Zosafunika.
Njira zolerera
Monga lamulo, kufalikira ndi magawano. Kuti muchite izi, pakubzala, rhizome imadulidwa zidutswa mosamala. Ndizovuta kwambiri kumera nthangala, ndipo mbande zambiri zimafa. Zodulidwa sizilinso zoyenera kubereka.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Nthawi zambiri, kangaude mumakhala chomera. Ndikovuta kwambiri kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chifukwa masamba sangathe kunyowa. Komabe, pali njira imodzi yolondola. Siderasis iyenera kuphimbidwa mwamphamvu ndi thumba la polyethylene, ndipo mkati mwake, ikani mipira yaubweya wa thonje lomwe ikhatiridwe mu dichlorvos (sangathe kuyikidwa masamba kapena nthaka).
Pafupifupi sizitenga matenda, koma nthawi yomweyo, ngati sizisamalidwa bwino, izi zitha kuchititsa kuti utayidwe wokongoletsa, komanso kufa kwa chomera. Chifukwa chake, ndizosatheka kuganiza kuti osasefukira mopitilira muyeso wa gawo lapansi. Komanso, ngati pali chinyezi chotsika, ndiye kuti nsonga za masamba ziyamba kuuma. Chomera chimataya zokongoletsera zake kwakanthawi, chifukwa masamba atsopano amakula pang'onopang'ono.
