Ivy ndi imodzi mwazomera kwambiri pakati paokonda maluwa. Iye ndi wolemera mosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndipo amatha kukhutiritsa kukoma kwa wogulitsa wokoma kwambiri. Ivy ndiosavuta kuswana. Anthu nthawi zina amamutcha "loach", mwina chifukwa nthambi zake zimapindika ndikugwiritsitsa thandizo. Mchipindamo, zochitika zoterezi zimatha kukula kuti ndi zikwapu zake sizophimba khoma lokha, komanso denga la chipindacho. Chifukwa chake, amafunika kuthandizidwa: mokhazikika ngati ndodo kapena chubu ndi moss, kapena zingwe zomata. Pazambiri zonse za kukula kwa ivy m'zipinda, tanena m'nkhaniyi.
Chomera chamkati ivy
Ivy - malongosoledwe azomera
Ivy, dzina lachi Latin ndi Hedera, anthu - "brechetan", "Snake", "shalenets", "loach". Zomera zamtundu wa banja la Araliaceae. Mu Etymological Dictionary yachi Russia imanenedwa kuti liwu loti "ivy" nthawi zambiri limayerekezedwa ndi "kulavulira", "kulavulira", chifukwa cha kukoma kosasangalatsa kwa mtengowo.
Ivy - zitsamba zokwawa zomata ndi mizu yake yaying'ono mpaka kukhoma, mitengo yazitengo, etc. Zomera zake zimakhala ndi masamba obiriwira amitundu iwiri: pama nthambi osatulutsa maluwa - obiriwira obiriwira, obowola mbali, komanso nthambi zamaluwa - zobiriwira zobiriwira, zonse, lanceolate, oblong kapena ovoid. Palibe zolemba.
Maluwa aang'ono a ivy amatengedwa pamwamba pa nthambi zamtundu, zikopa, kapena maburashi. Maluwa mwina alibe, kapena wokhala pang'ono. Calyx sanakhazikike kwenikweni, wophatikiza kapena wachisanu. Corolla ndi zisanu-peteled, ndi pindapinda. Zovala zisanu, pistil yokhala ndi chidebe chotsika, chotsika, kapena chapamwamba chokhala ndi timimba tating'onoting'ono tating'ono, tokhala ndi mzere wochepa wozungulira wozungulira. Chipatsochi ndi mabulosi akuda kapena achikasu. Mbewu yokhala ndi mluza womera mu puloteni wokutidwa.
Kusamalira ivy?
Kuthirira. M'chilimwe, mmera umathiriridwa madzi ambiri, koma kuthilira kwambiri kumatha kuyambitsa masamba a ivy. M'nyengo yozizira, madzi ochepera amafunikira kuthirira, koma sikuyenera kubweretsa chotupa kuti chiume.
Kutsina. Nthawi ndi nthawi, tsitsani malekezero a mapesi a ivy kuti mphukira zamtundu zikulire. Kudula nsonga kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zodulidwa. Onetsetsani kuti mukuchotsa mphukira zobiriwira zomwe nthawi zina zimawoneka pazomera zokhala ndi masamba osiyanasiyana.
Ivy
Kutentha. Wocheperako kapena ozizira, usiku osaposa 16 ° C, nyengo yozizira imalimbikitsa 12 ° C. M'zipinda zofunda komanso zowuma, ivy nthawi zambiri imakhudzidwa ndi zipsera. Komabe, ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri, kumakula bwino pa kutentha kwa nthawi zonse.
Kuwala. Ivy salekerera dzuwa mwachindunji, koma (makamaka mitundu yosiyanasiyana) imakonda malo owala bwino, ndipo sindimakonda kusintha kwa malo komwe kumafanana ndi gwero lowunikira. Mitundu yobiriwira ya Ivy imatha kudziwika kuti ndi yokhala ndi mthunzi, komabe ndikofunikira kuti iwapatse malo owala. M'nyengo yozizira, amafunikira malo owala kuposa chilimwe.
Feteleza. Kuyambira pa Marichi mpaka Ogasiti amadya ndi feteleza wosavuta wokongoletsa komanso wopatsa manyowa nyumba. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse. Ivy imagwirizana bwino ndi kudyetsa kulowetsedwa kwa mullein. Komabe, kuvala kwapafupipafupi kotere kumayambitsa kuti masamba awo akhale akulu kwambiri ndipo mbewu zimasiya kukongoletsa.
Chinyezi cha mpweya: Ivy amakonda mpweya wonyowa. Zimafunikira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa nthawi yotentha, komanso nthawi yozizira, ngati chipinda chofunda. Ngati ndi kotheka, ndiye kuti mumakonza nthawi ndi nthawi kuti azisamba.
Ivy adayilidwa mu kasupe: mbewu zazing'ono - pachaka, akuluakulu - patatha chaka m'miphika yayikulu.
Kuswana kwa Ivy
Ivy, mbewu yomwe imachulukana bwino motere:
- kudula;
- mphukira;
- masanjidwe.
Kufalikira ndi kudula
Ivy, yomwe nthawi zambiri imafalitsidwa ndikudula, yomwe imabzalidwa mumiphika ndi mainchesi 7 cm, 2-3 iliyonse ndikuphimba ndi filimu. Dongosolo losakanizika ndi nthaka limawakonzekeretsa kuchokera kumtunda ndi mchenga wabwino. Bwino mizu yodulidwa yokhala ndi mizu yozungulira. Mitengo yaminda yokhala ndi masamba osiyanasiyana imazika kwambiri.
Mphukira
Ivy ikhoza kufalitsidwa komanso mphukira yonse. Mphukira yokhala ndi masamba 8-10 imayikidwa pamchenga, ndikulimbikira kuti masamba ake akhale pamwamba. Patsiku la khumi, mizu ya pansi panthaka pafupi ndi impso kuchokera ku mizu ya mlengalenga. Pambuyo pa izi, mphukira imachotsedwa mumchenga ndikudula kuti zodulidwa zikhale ndi tsamba limodzi ndi mizu. Nthawi zina zimakhala zokwanira kuti tidule kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena chilimwe kutiphukira ndi mizu yowonjezera kutalika kwa 10. Kenako timabzala kunyumba kapena mumsewu, ndipo zimayamba kuzika mizu.
Sikoyenera kusunga phesi m'madzi mpaka mizu itawonekera. Iyenera kuthandizidwa ndi muzu wamahomoni ufa. Nthawi zina, kudula popanda mizu yowonjezerapo kumatenga nthawi yayitali kuti muzu - iyi ndiye njira yokhayo yobwezera ivy.
Kufalitsa pang'onopang'ono
Palinso njira ina yoberekera ivy - layering. Mphukira zazitali zazimbidwa, zitapangidwa kale kuchokera kumbali yakumunsi, ndikuzikonza pansi mothandizidwa ndi zidutswa zooneka ngati U. Zomera zatsopanozo zikaphuka mizu, zimasiyanitsidwa mosamala ndikuziika.
Ivy
Thirani Ivy
Kuchotsa madzi mu dothi ndi zinthu zosungunuka zopindulitsa mu mizu, mbewuzo zimachepetsa nthaka. Kupititsa patsogolo njovu za njovu, zimasinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kupita kumalo atsopano momwe zimapangidwira kapena kusinthidwa pakafunika thandizo. Chomera chiziwokedwa ngati sichikula ndikukula, komanso ngati mizu yake yolungidwa ndi mtanda wonse kapena mizu yaying'ono ipangika "kumverera".
Asananyulidwe, duwa lamaluwa limathiriridwa mokwanira kuti nyowetse dothi lonse. Pakugwedeza chomeracho limodzi ndi mtanda kuchokera mumphika, onetsetsani kuti mukufunikira kumuika. Ngati mukufunikirabe kutsegula ivy, ndiye kuti mukukokerana: siyani dengu kuti lisunthike, sinthani mbewuyo mumphika wokulirapo pang'ono (2-3 cm) ndikuwonjezera dziko lapansi. Transshipment imathanso kuchitika maluwa, pomwe kuchepa kwa maluwa sikuchitika.
Thirani ya ivy nthawi zambiri imachitidwa mumalimwe - mu Marichi kapena Epulo. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zakufunika ndikukula muzu kudzera m'mabowo otulutsa ndi kukula pang'onopang'ono kwa mbewu.
Madzi amaika pansi pamphika kuti madzi azitha kudutsa panthaka komanso mpweya kuti udutse mizu mosavuta. Zosakaniza ndi peat moss zingakhale bwino kuyika izi. Izi zimalepheretsa dzenje pansi pa mphika kuti lisagwe pansi.
Poika mbewu, ndikofunikira kuti khosi la ivy mizu lisakutidwe ndi nthaka, komanso silituluka pansi, komanso kuti m'nthaka mulibe mawu. Pambuyo pothira kapena kufalikira, nthaka yozungulira thunthuyo imakulungidwa ndi ndodo kapena chala cholozera ndipo mbali zoyikira madzi ndizosiyidwa mwaulere. Kenako mbewuyo imathiriridwa madzi, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndikuyika m'chipinda chofunda, kutetezedwa ku zojambula ndi kuwongolera dzuwa
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta ivy
Wamba kangaude mite
Tizilombo tingawonekere pambali ya masamba achichepere kapena pa nsonga za mphukira. Mbali yakumwambayi ya masamba omwe anakhudzidwa ndi yokutidwa ndi mawanga achikasu ndi madontho, komanso kuwonongeka kwakukulu pakati pamasamba ndi zimayambira, kangaude wazifupi wowonda. Masamba owonongeka amakhala ngati nsangalabwi, amatembenuka chikasu ndikugwa msanga.
Kangaude wofiyira
Miteyi iluma pakhungu la tsinde, ndikuwononga, kusiya malo osasiyanapo ndi amaso. Imachulukana mwachangu kwambiri, ikukhudza ivy.
Mealybug
Nyongolotsi zachikazi zimayikira mazira awo mumatumbo oyera ngati thonje. Tizilombo titha kubisa timadzi tamatulu tomwe timayamba ndi fumbi lomwe limayipitsa mbewu. Kuyamwa msuzi wa ana mphukira, masamba, mphutsi zimalepheretsa kukula kwa mbewu.
Zandodo ndi zikopa zabodza
Amasungidwa kumunsi ndi kumtunda kwa masamba, nthambi ndi mitengo ikuluikulu ya mbewu. Mphutsi zazing'ono zokha ndizokhazikika pamtengowo, kumamatirira mbali zake zosiyanasiyana. Ndi nthenda yolimba, masamba (pamodzi ndi mitsempha) ndi mitengo ikuluikulu ya mbewu zimakutidwa, titero, ndi zolembedwa zopangidwa kuchokera kuzikulidwe zazikulu za tizilombo tambiri. Zomera zowonongeka, kukula ndi chitukuko zimachedwetsedwa; Masamba amatembenukira chikasu ndikugwa nthawi isanakwane. Zipsera ndi ma scaberi onyenga zimasunga madzi povutirapo - pad, zomwe zimathandizira kuti pakuwoneka ndikukula kwa bowa, komwe kumakulitsa mkhalidwe ndi kukula kwa mbewu.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta ivy
Wowonjezera kutentha
Imachitika m'magulu pansi pa tsamba, makamaka m'mphepete. Kuyika mazira mu minofu ya masamba. Bulauni yofiirira imawoneka pamasamba owonongeka a mbali yakumbuyo, ndikuyera malovu. Ndi nthenda yolimba, masamba amasanduka achikasu, owuma ndikugwa. Zovuta zazikulu zomwe tizilombo timabweretsa mu chilimwe, nyengo yotentha.
Ma nsabwe
Ma nsabwe za m'mimba amagwira ntchito makamaka muziphukira ndi nthawi yotentha. Amakhala m'magulu pamphepete mwa masamba, pa mphukira zazing'ono, kudya masamba azomera. Nthaka za m'mapiko zimatha kuuluka kuchokera pamaluwa osiyanasiyana kupita kwina, kupatsira onse. Zomera zowonongeka ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, masamba amasanduka achikasu ndi kupindika.
Zothandiza pa ivy
Zomera zimakhala ndi antibacterial, antifungal, anti-kutupa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chindoko, mankhwala ochapira, osanza, a polyps, sclerosis. Mowa wochokera ku zipatso umathandizira kuchepetsa kukakamiza, umagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa warts ndi wen. Decoctions masamba ndi othandizira kutsokomola komanso kupweteka kwa mutu, ali ndi diaphoretic kwenikweni.
Mphamvu ya hemolytic ya kukonzekera kwa ivy imalola kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito kukhala ndi kamvekedwe ka mtima. Kulowetsedwa kwa masamba a ivy kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pa rheumatism, gout, nyamakazi yamatumbo ndi mawonekedwe amchere. Zithupsa za mizu zimachiritsidwa ndi zithupsa, kuwotcha, kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ziphuphu, pediculosis, mycoses wa scalp. Ivy ikuphatikizidwa ndi kuphatikiza zitsamba zamiyala yamiyendo ndi chikhodzodzo. Ichi ndi chomera chamkati chothandiza kwambiri - ivy chimatsuka mpweya wa formaldehydes, trichlorethylene, xylene, benzene.
Pali mankhwala ambiri ochiritsira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pachomera, ngakhale zipatso zake zimawoneka ngati zakupha, ngakhale izi, zotsatira zoyipa zomwe sizili bwino siziyenera kuopa.
