Maluwa otentha ndi okongola kwambiri komanso osiyanasiyana. Ndipo akatswiri azidzidziwitsa zinsinsi zake zaka zambiri zikubwerazi. Aglaonema, yemwe ndi wamkulu kwambiri pa mbewu zonse za anthu a padziko lapansi, ndiye nzika za m'chigawo chakum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia.
Kwawo aglaonema ndi nyengo yazomera
Mitundu yamtunduwu, kuphatikiza mitundu yambiri ya mitundu, imafikira kumayiko ena, komanso kuzilumba za Indian Ocean ndi Pacific Ocean. Madera otentha a China, ndi India, ndi New Guinea kapena Borneo atha kudziwidwa kuti ndiwo malo obadwira aglaonema.
Kusiyanasiyana kwa mitundu ya aglaonema kumachitika chifukwa cha malo osiyanasiyana okhala m'makona akutali kwa masanjidwewo, komanso malo akutali a zigawozi. Ndi chiyambi cha kutukuka kwa Southeast Asia, mbewu zamaderali m'derali zidayamba kuphunziridwa mozama. Zomera zambiri zodziwika bwino zokongoletsa zamkati, kuphatikizapo aglaonema, zidapezeka komanso kufotokozedwa.
Mitundu yamtchire ya aglaonema kumidzi imakhala m'nkhalango yotsika, yomwe imakhala yokhazikika pamiyala yamitengo, m'mitsinje ndi m'madzi ena. Pakukula kwa Angloanema sikufuna dothi lochulukirapo.
Monga mitundu ina ya Aroid, mbewuyo imasinthasintha mosavuta kukhala pamizere yamiyala yokhala ndi kamtunda kakang'ono ka humus, pamtunda wa nthaka ndi nthaka, yomwe mizu yamitengo yotentha imagwirizanitsidwa pansi.
Ngakhale chikhalidwe ndichofala m'dziko lakwawo, idabwera ku Europe kuchokera ku Malaysia, zomwe zidapangitsa chidwi cha olima ndi okonda maluwa otentha.
Mbiri ya kubwezeretsa ndi kulima aglaonema idayamba m'zaka za zana la 19, ndipo kwa zaka zoposa zana ndi theka chomerachi chatengedwa kuti ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zosangalatsa komanso zachilendo kwa anthu okhala m'malo otentha. Malingaliro a maluwa aglaonema omwe adagwera posonkhanitsa Briteni ya Botanical Gardens adayala maziko a ntchito yosankha, chifukwa cha omwe mazana ambiri amnyumba zamtundu ndi zosakanizira zotchuka ndi olima mundawo adapeza.
Duwa lakunja aglaonema: kapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Poyang'ana koyamba, aglaonema amakumbukira kwambiri Dieffenbachia, zomwe sizodabwitsa, chifukwa mbewuzo ndi abale apafupi ndipo ndizinthu zambiri zodziwika bwino.
Aglaonema ndi mbewu yobiriwira nthawi zonse, kutengera mtundu wake, kutalika kwa masentimita 60-150. Zoyerekezera zazing'ono, nthawi zambiri zimagwera m'nyumba ya wolima maluwa, zilibe tsinde, koma zimawoneka ngati masamba owoneka bwino pamtunda. Koma chikamakula, duwa lanyumba lamkati lamkati limapangika ngati dothi lolimba lomwe limalima masamba.
Mitundu yambiri yobadwa kunyumba imakhala yosavuta, koma mwa masamba akuluakulu imayalidwa, ndipo masamba amapezeka pamwamba pomwe. Pankhaniyi, yosalala, pafupifupi yosaphimbidwa ndi sikelo, ma internodes amatha kukhala obiriwira, osiyanasiyana, opinki, oyera kapena ofiira. Mtundu wa zimayambira, ndi petioles, ndi masamba azomera zimadalira kwathunthu pamitundu yobzala ya aglaonema. Ndipo apa mtundu wam'malo otentha ungatengedwe wopambana mu chiwerengero cha mithunzi ndi mawonekedwe ake.
Mtengo waukulu wa mtengowo ndi masamba ake okongoletsera apadera. Maonekedwe a wandiweyani okhala ndi mitsempha yamapulogalamu amakala amatha kusiyanasiyana kuchokera pakapangidwa ndi mawonekedwe. Ana, kapena masamba azomera zazing'ono nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ndi mtima, koma akamakula pa aglaonems, masamba akuluakulu amawoneka omwe amagwirizana kwathunthu ndi mitundu komanso mitundu. Koma mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mithunzi pamasamba a maluwa a aglaonema imatha kusilira ngakhale maluwa okongola.
Pakati pa aglaonem amkati, mulibe mbewu zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba osalala, koma zitsanzo zokhala ndi masamba owongoka, amizere ndimtunda.
Pa masamba a maluwa aglaonema omwe ali pachithunzichi, munthu angathe kuona zonse zautoto wobiriwira wachikhalidwe, komanso mtundu wonse wofiirira, wa lilac ndi wofiyira.
Zomwe zimayamba kutengera duwa la aglaonema ndi inflorescence wake ndi chivundikiro chomwe chimaphimba makutu, tsamba lomwe linasinthidwa pakusintha. Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina yodziyimira, mwachitsanzo, anthuriums kapena spathiphyllum, yowetedwa chifukwa cha kukongoletsa kwakukulu kwa inflorescence, pachimake aglaonema sichosangalatsa kwambiri.
Mapangidwe a duwa loula la aglaonema zimatengera mitundu ndi mitundu ndipo amatha kusiyanasiyana. Pamodzi ndi mabulangeti owuma komanso ozungulira, munthu amatha kuwona mabedi ang'onoang'ono a buluu, oyera kapena achikasu.
Makulidwe ophatikizika amitundu yokhala ngati cobiri cylindrical amakhala ndi gawo lalifupi la akazi ndi yayikulu wamwamuna, yomwe ili kuyambira kachitatu mpaka pamwamba. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timakhala tikuyambitsa maluwa: Kuti awakope, pali bulangeti lomwe limatsanzira petal, ndi zotsekemera zotsekemera zomwe zimawoneka pamasamba.
Zipatso zopangidwa pambuyo poti zimasokoneza maluwa aglaonema zimakhala ndi chowulungika, makamaka mbewu zazikulu. Chipatso ichochokha chimakhala ndi kutalikana kapena kupindika. Mtundu wa mabulosiwo umasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku chikaso mpaka kufiira kowala, ndipo pansi pa khungu lowonda limabisa zamkati zam'madzi. Mwachilengedwe, aglaonema amafalitsa zonse mwakukula komanso mothandizidwa ndi mbewu. Zipatso zakupsa za aglaonema zimakopa chidwi cha nyama zazing'ono ndi mbalame, zomwe, zikamadya zipatso, zimatha kufalitsa mbewu zolimba zomwe sizinawonongeke m'mimba yotalikirapo pamtunda wautali.
Ngakhale kuoneka kwa zipatso pa aglaonema sikwachilendo, ndibwino kufalitsa maluwa mnyumba, chifukwa ambiri ofikira nyumba amtunduwu ndi ma hybrids omwe samafalitsa katundu wawo ndi mbewu.
Aglaonema: kodi chomera ndi chothandiza kapena chowopsa?
Kuyambira 1885, pamene aglaonema idabweretsedwa m'mphepete mwa Old World, chomera nthawi zonse chimakopa chidwi cha onse okonda zikhalidwe zokongoletsa komanso zopatsa chidwi.
Komabe, mutangobzala mu Royal Botanical Gardens, zidapezeka kuti zigawo zonse za aglaonema zimakhala ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimatha kusokoneza kapena kupangitsa kuti khungu lizisintha.
Lero ndikudziwika bwino kuti zovuta zakumwa zamadzimadzi za aglaonema zimadziwika ndi onse oimira banja la Aroid lomwe lili ndi calcium oxalate.
Mchere uwu wa oxalic acid m'minyewa ya aglaonema ndi wowopsa pamaso pa chiwopsezo chapadera. Ndi chisamaliro chapadera, muyenera kusamalira chomera ngati pali kuwonongeka, kudula kapena abrasions pakhungu la manja. Pankhaniyi, ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito magolovesi. Simuyenera kuloleza kuyandikira kwa chikhalidwe chowala mchipinda kwa ana ang'ono omwe amatha kuyesa zojambula zokongola "pa dzino."
Ngakhale aglaonema sakhala poizoni, chifukwa amphaka ndi nyama zina zomwe zimakonda zomera, kuzolowera kwambiri kungasanduke mavuto am'matumbo ndikukwiyitsa kwa mucosa. Ngati musankha bwino chomera, ngozi ya aglaonema imalipidwa mokwanira ndi zabwino zake.
Kodi aglaonema yothandiza ndi chiyani? Choyamba, ndikuti, monga zikhalidwe zina zamkati, zimakhala ndi phindu pamapangidwe amkati wamkati, zimadzaza ndi mpweya ndi ma ioni osavomerezeka. Mtengowo umatha kuyamwa zinthu zovulaza anthu zomwe zimalowa mchipindacho kuchokera kwazinthu zakunja, komanso utsi wochokera kuzinthu zomalizira.
Kugwiritsa ntchito aglaonema kumakhalanso mumagulu a phytoncidal, chifukwa chomwe kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya okhala ndi tizilombo tosokoneza bongo ndi mpweya wa mlengalenga kumachepetsedwa.
Akatswiri a Bioenergy amalankhulanso zamphamvu zopindulitsa za zomera za aglaonema. Ngati mutayika mphika ndi chikhalidwe chotsekemera m'chipinda chino pafupi ndi desktop kapena muofesi momwe ntchito yayikulu imachitikira tsiku ndi tsiku, chomera chimakuthandizani kuyang'anitsitsa malingaliro anu. Masamba okongola, ngakhale maonekedwe ake, amathandizira kuchepetsa kupsinjika, kukhazikika pansi ndikudziyang'ana pakukwaniritsa ntchito zovuta.
