Callistemon (Callistemon) - chitsamba chobiriwira kapena mtengo wochokera kubanja la Mirtov, wofala m'malo ena a bara la Australia. Zowoneka bwino za mbeuyo ndi korona wobiriwira, wamaluwa opyapyala, okhala ndi masamba obiriwira, masamba ambiri otuluka mbali zosiyanasiyana, maluwa okongola ofiira ofiira kapena ofiira mpaka masentimita 12, ofanana ndi burashi wosasenda bwino wosambitsa mabotolo ndi makapisozi 7 mamilimita m'mimba mwake. Kuphatikizika kwa masamba a callistemon kumakhala ndi mafuta ambiri ofunikira, fungo lowala lomwe limatha kumveka pamene tsamba la masamba lawonongeka.
Mitundu ya Callistemon
Pafupifupi mitundu 40 ya mitengo ndi zitsamba zimamera zachilengedwe. Mitundu ina ya callistemon imadzala ngati zomera. Adasinthiratu machitidwe mchipinda ndipo adadzikhazikitsa okha opanda ulemu, okongoletsa kwambiri komanso maluwa azikhalidwe zazitali. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi Citrus, Ivolistic, Formosa, Ching'onoting'ono, Chowoneka Bwino, Pine, Rod, ndipo pakati pa mitundu yomwe imapezeka kwambiri ndi Shining, Lilac Fog, "John Wamng'ono", "Burgundy".
Kusamalira Callistemon Kunyumba
Kutengera ndi machitidwe ena, duwa lamkati la callistemon limakula msanga ndikukula, ndikusunga zokongoletsera zake zonse.
Malo ndi kuyatsa
Pafupifupi mitundu yonse yamtunduwu imakonda kuwala kowala ndikuwunika bwino dzuwa. Windo lakuwombera kumwera chakum'mawa kapena kumwera chakumadzulo kwa nyumbayo ndi malo abwino okulirapo a callistemon. Mukasungidwa m'malo osavutikira, simuyenera kuyambiranso maluwa pansi pa cheza cha dzuwa, ndibwino kuti muchite izi pang'onopang'ono, ndikuzolowera mbewuyo mozizira pang'ono tsiku lililonse kwa maola angapo. Kuwala kochulukirapo sikungasokoneze mbewu, koma kuchepa kwake kungayambitse kusuwa kwa maluwa.
Kutentha
Kukula ndi kuchuluka kwa pachimake cha callistemon zimatengera mtundu wolondola wa kutentha nthawi zosiyanasiyana za chaka. M'miyezi yophukira ndi yotentha, kutentha kwambiri kwa duwa ndi madigiri 20 mpaka 22. Pofika nthawi yozizira kwambiri, imachepetsedwa ndi madigiri angapo, ndipo nthawi yozizira imalimbikitsidwa kusunga chomera pa khonde lotsekemera, loggia kapena wowonjezera kutentha ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 12 mpaka 16 Celsius. Kuphazikika nyengo yachisanu m'chipinda chozizira ndikofunikira kuti iyambe maluwa.
Kuthirira
Potithirira kwa callistemon, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizigwiritsa ntchito madzi okhazikika kapena oyeretsedwa, opanda chlorine, otentha pafupifupi madigiri 20-22. Kuperewera ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi akumwa kuthilira kumapangitsa kuti kutaya kukongoletsa komanso kukula kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupeza pakati ndi kuthirira maluwa pang'ono, koma nthawi zonse. Gawo laling'ono lomwe lili mumphika wa maluwa suyenera kupukuta ndikukhala otentha.
Chinyezi cha mpweya
Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kusamba kosamba ndikofunikira kwa callistemon ngati njira zoyera komanso zopewera. Amatsuka mbeu kuchokera kufumbi, kumatsitsimutsa ndikutchingira maudzu osiyanasiyana (mwachitsanzo, nthata za akangaude). Kwa chikhalidwe chachipinda, mulingo wanyontho m'chipindacho zilibe kanthu. Mphepo ikhoza kukhala yonyowa kapena yowuma.
Dothi
Kubzala m'nyumba callistemon kumafunika ngalande zabwino, zomwe zimayikidwa pansi pa chidebe cha maluwa, ndi gawo loyenerera. Dengali limatha kukhala ndi dothi losweka kapena dongo lotukulidwa. Kusakaniza kwa dothi kungagulidwe ku malo ogulitsa apadera. Chofunika kwambiri ndi gawo lapansi lokulira maluwa kapena dothi losakanikirana ndi mbeu zam'nyumba. Chachikulu ndikuti dothi ndilopanda thanzi, lotayirira, lopepuka komanso losalankhulidwa (kapena acidic pang'ono).
Kunyumba, mutha kukonzekera gawo lapansi. Izi zikufunika magawo anayi a malo owetera, magawo awiri a peat, nthaka yamtundu ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga wowuma.
Feteleza ndi feteleza
Ma feteleza ovuta a mchere omwe amalimbikitsidwa kuti azilima m'nyumba ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi masabata awiri aliwonse nthawi yachilimwe komanso nyengo yachilimwe. M'nyengo yozizira, kudyetsa kowonjezera kwa callistemon sikofunikira.
Thirani
M'zaka 3 zoyambirira mutabzala, ndikofunikira kuti ndikusintha mbewu pachilimwe chilichonse, ndipo mbewu zakale ndizokwanira kuzika kamodzi zaka zitatu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusinthitsa maluwa mumphika wokulirapo pang'ono kuposa wam'mbuyomu.
Kudulira
Kudulira kwa masamba olowa ndi zipatso kumachitika mutangotulutsa maluwa. Mphukira zowonda ndi zopindika zomwe zimawononga mawonekedwe a chitsamba nazonso zimachotsedwa. Kuchita pafupipafupi kotere kumapangitsa kuti nthambi zobiriwira zizichulukirachulukira ndikuwonetsa maluwa ambiri nyengo yamawa. Zoyerekeza zazing'ono zimatha kudulidwa pokhapokha kutalika kwa masentimita 50-60.
Kubwezeretsa kwa Callistemon
Njira ya kubereka kwa callistemon imadziwika kuti ndi yosavuta komanso yodziwika bwino. Mbewu zofesedwa mosasankha pamtunda ponyowa, yophimbidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi ndikuisungidwa m'chipinda chofunda ndikuwunikira bwino, kosunga kutentha kwanyengo.
Kufalikira ndi kudulidwa kumakupatsani mwayi kuti mupulumutse mitundu ya mbewu. Ndikofunikira kudula ma cutic apical pafupifupi ma sentimenti kutalika kotero kuti 3-4 internode ikhalebe pa chilichonse. Musanabzalire pansi, ndikofunikira kuti zigawozo zizichitira ndi njira yotsatsira kapena kukonzekera (mwachitsanzo, heteroauxin). Mizu imachitika mumdzu wobiriwira wokhala ndi chinyezi chambiri komanso kutentha kochepa. Kusamalidwa kwakukulu ndikudandaula ndikumanyowetsa thupi nthawi zonse.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Callistemon imagwirizana kwambiri ndi matenda, koma tizirombo nthawi zina timayambitsa mavuto. Mpheta ya kangaude ndi mlendo yemwe sanadziweko, pomwe kangaude umaoneka pazomera ndipo tsamba limayamba kuzimiririka ndikuuma. Njira zowongolera - shafa lotentha kapena kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Nthambi zomwe zimawonekera ndisanameze maluwa zimachotsedwa pamanja ndi swab thonje.
Kukula zovuta
Callistemon imafunikira mpweya wabwino, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mtengowo upite nawo kumunda kapena khonde.
Ngati nyengo yachisanu inali yotentha kwambiri, kutentha ndi kutentha kwapamwamba kuposa madigiri 15, ndiye kuti callistemon singathenso. Maluwa sangathe kudikirira ngakhale chomera chilibe kuwala kokwanira.
