Daisies otumphuka m'minda ndi m'mundamo samusiya aliyense wosayanjanitsika. Garden chamomile ndi maluwa omwe amakonda kwambiri okhala m'zilimwe za ku Russia. Mitundu khumi ndi iwiri yamakhwala a herbaceous m'chilengedwe imatha kupezeka m'malo onse otentha, kupatula madera otentha, ayezi ndi zipululu.
Chikhalidwe chimakopa otulutsa maluwa chifukwa chamaluwa akuluakulu komanso opitilira nthawi yayitali, chisamaliro chophweka komanso kuthekera kubzala ndikufalitsa zosiyanasiyana zomwe mumakonda popanda kudziwa zambiri. Werengani za kubzala primrose osatha ndikusamalira ndi chithunzi.
Kufotokozera zam'mimba zamaluwa osatha
Pakupanga kama wamabedi amaluwa, mbewu zowala zazikulu kwambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, ma daisies adakhala osangalatsa kwa alimi a maluwa opitilira zaka mazana awiri zapitazo, chifukwa chake, nthawi yayitali, kulima kambiri kwaoneka. Ndipo ngakhale ma daisies odera osatha amatha kukhala osiyana misinkhu, kukhala ndi nthawi zosiyanasiyana zamaluwa ndi mawonekedwe a inflorescence, ma daisiese onse amafanana. Choyamba, uwu ndi mtundu wowoneka wa mabasiketi a inflorescence, pakati pake pomwe pamakhala maluwa ang'onoang'ono achikasu achikuda, ndi chimango - cha pamiyala yonyenga.
Lero, chifukwa cha zoyeserera za obereketsa, mitundu yocheperako komanso yamtunda yamtundu wa chamomile ali ndi mwayi wamalimi.
Poyerekeza ndi zikhalidwe zamtchire:
- maluwa akulu;
- Mapangidwe a masamba amagwira ntchito kwambiri;
- maluwa nthawi yayitali;
- kukonzanso kwa maluwa theka lachiwiri la chilimwe.
Chamomile cham'munda chomwe chikujambulidwa pachithunzichi, Leucanthemum vulgare kapena Leucanthemum pazambiri amatchulidwa kwambiri ngati nyvyanik kapena karoti. Kumayambiriro koyambira, maluwa a masamba obal basal amapezeka pamwamba pa nthaka. Mtengo wama inflorescence utawoneka pamiyendo yolimba, kutalika kwa mtengowo kumatha kukhala 20 cm 80. Kutengera mitundu, kutalika kwa inflorescence kumatha kufika 3 mpaka 10 cm.
Kubalana kwa munda chamomile pogawa chitsamba
Daisies wobzalidwa pachomeracho amakula bwino, amapanga makatani omwe, kunja kwamaluwa, amasunga zokongoletsera ndikufanana mapilo obiriwira. Komabe, patatha zaka zochepa, zakale zimafunanso kukonzanso, popanda kutero inflorescence imakhala yaying'ono chaka chilichonse, masamba amayamba kuchepa.
Ma daisili osinthika m'munda wamaluwa amafalitsidwa ndi mbewu ndi njira zamasamba. Ngati maluwa okongola amenewa akukula kale pamabedi a maluwa, ndikokwanira kugawa nsalu yotchinga zingapo.
Ndikwabwino kubzala osatha theka loyamba la nthawi yophukira, ndikugawa mbewuzo m'magawo kuti aliyense akhale ndi gawo lolimba la mizimba komanso mbali zingapo zokulira. Dothi lodzala chamomile liyenera kukumbidwa, kuyeretsedwa ndi namsongole ndikumunyowa:
- Pomwepo mizu ingapo ikumbidwa.
- Chomera chomwe chili munyenje yokomera ndi chimodzimodzi, mutatha kuwongola ma rhizomes.
- Dzenje limadzaza ndi dothi, lomwe limapangidwa ndikuthirira.
Popeza nthangala zochokera mabasiketi osazaza sapereka mawonekedwe a mbewu za kholo, kufalikira kwa masamba ndikofunikira kwambiri ngati mukufuna kutenga makatani achichepere amtundu uliwonse wamaluwa chamomile.
Nthawi zambiri makatani amathandizidwanso, ndizomwe zimathandiza kwambiri kukhala ndi maluwa komanso kukula kwama inflorescence. Komabe, kuphukira kwamasamba kumatha kuchedwetsa kapena kusintha maonekedwe a masamba.
Kubzala dimba chamomile chamomile ndikuchibzala m'nthaka
Mbewu za Chamomile zimakhala ndi hardness yozizira, kotero mutha kuzifesa zonse mu kasupe ndi nthawi yozizira. Kufesa masamba Ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti mbande ikhale yabwino komanso yolimba.
Kufalikira kwa masika kwa maluwa chamomile chamomile ndi kotheka m'njira ziwiri:
- kufesa pang'onopang'ono, kukumba ndi kumasula malo otseguka;
- kufesa kunyumba mbande, yomwe nthawi yotentha imasinthidwa kukhala kama wamaluwa.
Kachiwiri, mbewuyo imakhala yolimba, imaphukira koyambirira ndikusintha nyengo yopanda zipatso nthawi yachisanu. Kubzala chamomile yamaluwa kwa mbande kumachitika mu theka lachiwiri la February kapena March. Pofesa mutenge gawo lochepera la mchenga, dothi lamtunda ndi peat. Mbewu za zidutswa zingapo zimayikidwa mbande kapena mapoto a peat odzazidwa ndi dothi lonyowa. Finyani pamwamba ndi woonda wozungulira gawo lomweli.
Pansi pa kanema kapenagalasi komanso yokhala ndi chinyezi chambiri, mbewu ziyenera kukhalapo mpaka zitamera mbande, ndiye kuti, masiku 10-15. Kenako mathirakitiwo amasamutsidwa ndikuwala ndipo malo ogona amachotsedwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, konzekerani kuwunikira kowonjezereka kwa maola 14 patsiku, apo ayi mbande ndizolimba kwambiri komanso zopanda mphamvu.
Sankhani imachitika pomwe dimba la chamomile m'munda limatsegulira masamba awiri enieni a 2-4 ndipo lidzakhala lalitali masentimita 5. Pakukonzekera kukangalika, tsinde lalikulu limatha kudina.
Mwezi umodzi ndi theka kapena iwiri mutabzala, mbewu zazing'ono zimatengedwa panja kukakonzeratu dzuwa malo osasunthika madzi komanso osasakanizika ndi nthaka.
Kubzala daisies m'munda kumachitika m'nthaka yokonzedweratu, yomwe sikukumba kokha, komanso kumasulidwa. Namsongole amasankhidwa mosamala m'nthaka, ndipo podyetsa mbande amayambitsa feteleza wovuta kukongoletsa maluwa.
Ndiosavuta kusamutsa mbande ndi dothi lapansi popanda kuwononga mizu. Poterepa, mabowo amakumbidwa pang'ono kuposa kukula kwa zotengera, ndipo mipata imakutidwa ndi dothi, ndikuumbika komanso kuthirira. Ngakhale mbewuzo zidakali zazing'ono, zimayenera kukula kwambiri, kotero pakati pa mbande zimasiya malo kuchokera 20 mpaka 40 cm, kutengera mitundu yamaluwa chamomile chamunda ndi kapangidwe ka maluwa. Kutulutsa koyamba kwa mbewu zobzalidwa ndi njere ndi mbande zikuyembekezeredwa pambuyo pa chaka.
Kusamalira Chamomile Wam'munda Mutabzala
Mitundu yonse ya chamomile, kuphatikiza ndi dimba, Photophilous. Samalekerera kuyandikira kwa nthaka yapansi panthaka ndikulima dothi lowuma, louma.
Koma nthawi yomweyo, osatha amene amakonda anthu osamalira maluwa sakulabadira chisamaliro ndipo amatha kumera ngakhale dothi losauka, kulekerera chilala komanso osawopa kuzunzidwa ndi tizilombo.
Komabe, mutabzala dimba chamomile, kuwasamalira ayenera kukhala osamala komanso mwadongosolo. Zomera zazing'ono zimafunika kuthirira pafupipafupi mpaka muzu ukwaniritse. Maluwa okhazikika m'malo atsopano salinso okonda kwambiri, ndipo amangothiridwa madzi munthawi yotentha yokha.
Nthawi yothirira imasankhidwa kuti madontho amadzi padzuwa asachite nawo magalasi ndipo sayambitsa kuwotcha koyipa pamasamba ndi inflorescence.
Kuti nthaka ikhale chinyezi kwa nthawi yayitali, mizu yake imayatsidwa ndi peat. Kuphatikiza apo, duwa lokhala ndi maluwa limasulidwa nthawi zonse, ndipo pansi pamasulidwa.
Ngakhale mitengo yamaluwa ya m'munda imakhala yosazindikira kwambiri, maluwa opaka bwino atha kupezeka ngati mbewu zalandira chakudya chokwanira. Chifukwa chake, mchaka, feteleza wa nayitrogeni amayikidwa pansi pa mizu. Mafuta opindika ayenera kudulidwa palimodzi za tsinde. Izi zikuthandizira kuti mbeuyo ikhale yolimba komanso kwa nthawi yayitali kuti azikongoletsa malowo ndi zingwe zoyera za daisy.
Maluwa atatha, chisamaliro chamaluwa sichitha. Pafupi ndi kugwa, makatani akuluakulu ndi omwe amagawanika, zigawo zonse zakale, zakufa zimachotsedwa, ma peduncle ndi masamba owuma amadulidwa.
Ngati dothi patsamba lino ndi acidic, m'dzinja liyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi ufa wa la dolomite kapena laimu.
Chomera sichimalimbana ndi chisanu, koma chimatha kuzizirira nyengo yotentha pang'ono, chifukwa chake makatani amadulidwa pansi kuzizira komanso owazidwa kwambiri ndi peat, lapnik kapena zinthu zina zofunika.
